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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1866
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract To divulge plausible source for fluorine in the Upper Ladinian of the East Alpine geosyncline, two totally independent geochemical approaches have been made. They are (i) correlation study of the stratabound, stratiform, paleographic and regional fluorine anomalies observed in seven selected profiles of the carbonate sequences and (ii) comparative study of the distribution of rare earths (REE) in fluorspars from northern and southern Ladinian sequences. The fluorine anomalies in the entire East Alpine geosyncline were found to be confined only to a few horizons which could be stratigraphically correlated. The fluorspars of the Nördliche Kalkalpen showed REE distribution characteristic of a sedimentary formation while those of the Südliche Kalkalpen (Bleiberg area) apparently showed a hydrothermal type of REE distribution. These and various other considerations discussed in the present paper go to show that a relatively short-termed submarine exhalative source (volcanic) of a recurring nature in the Ladinian stage of the Mid-Triassic might have been plausibly responsible for the supply of fluorine found in the carbonate sequences of the East Alpine geosynclines. The noted stratigraphic correlation of fluorine anomalies suggested, in addition, that fluorine bearing layers could be used as temporaneous marker beds. An interesting side observation was that of the bi-to tri-modal fluorine distribution in four profiles which represented well mineralized areas in contrast to the unimodal fluorine distribution in the rest three profiles with no distinct zone of mineralization. Probably such a multimodal distribution of fluorine may be characteristic of the Pb-Zn deposits (or other ore bearing-units) in paragenesis, granted which, it may find application as proximity indicators of ore deposits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1866
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mineralium deposita 13 (1978), S. 285-287 
    ISSN: 1432-1866
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mineralium deposita 11 (1976), S. 111-116 
    ISSN: 1432-1866
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract A comprehensive review of the authors' and their co-workers' results on the fractionation of Rare Earth Elements (REE) during the crystallization and/or recrystallization of Fluorspar is given. The fractionation can be explained as the result of REE complexation in the ore forming solution and systematic changes in distribution coefficients of REE. It is shown that the Tb/Ca and Tb/La ratios are sufficient to characterize pegmatitic (pneumatolytic), hydrothermal and sedimentary fluorspar. This has been confirmed by numerous investigations on various types of deposits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 42 (1977), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Bovine muscle samples were fractionated and assayed to assess the effects of high postmortem temperatures on lysosomal enzymes and muscle fragmentation values. Samples of the longissimus dorsi muscle were excised from both sides of six animals. One muscle was held at 37°C (HT) and the other was maintained at 2°C as control (C). The pH of the muscles was determined at 1, 4, and 12 hr postmortem. After 12 hr the muscles were homogenized and centrifuged to separate sedimen-table and unsedimentable fractions which were assayed for β-glucuronidase and cathepsin C activities. A fragmentation value was also determined for each sample. The pH of the HT samples dropped more rapidly and was significantly lower at both 4 and 12 hr. No detectable difference in total β-glucuronidase activity was observed between HT and C samples but the distribution was markedly altered as shown by significant differences in the percent of total activity that was unsedimentable (HT 〉 C, P 〈 0.025) and specific activities of the sedimen-table (HT 〉 C, P 〈 0.025) and unsedimentable (HT 〉 C, P 〈 0.025) fractions. For cathepsin C there was a significant drop in total enzyme activity (HT 〉 C, P 〈 0.005) resulting from an apparent degradation of the unsedimentable enzyme which had been released by the HT treatment. The fragmentation values were significantly different showing that the HT samples had probably undergone limited proteolysis resulting in a reduction of muscle fragment size after homogenization. These results add support for the role of lysosomal enzymes in postmortem tenderization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1866
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Controversial genetical interpretations on the fluorite occurrences in the leadzinc deposits of the Nördliche Kalkalpen led to the present study. The distribution of the rare-earth elements (REE) in the fluorspar-carbonate assemblages and the fluorspar separates have been determined non-destructively by means of instrumental neutron activation analysis using high resolution γ-spectrometry. A geochemical model describing the distribution of the REE in the two mineral phases of CaCO3 and CaF2 formed syngenetically under marine conditions has been built up in order to elucidate the observed REE abundances in the carbonates and their fluorspar separates. The low and comparable concentrations of REE, the similarity in their relative distribution patterns in carbonate-fluorspar assemblages as compared to those in carbonate sediments observed by other authors and the sedimentary characterization via the Tb/Ca-Tb/La relation criterion revealed by the present study unequivocally suggest a synsedimentary nature of the fluorspar. In addition, the study showed that a diagenetic recrystallization results in a further fractionation of Tb and La with a preferential improverishment in La. Such a phenomenon opens a possible geochemical criterion for the identification of different generations of fluorspars.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 354 (1975), S. 241-248 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: 125Iodine-human Albumin ; Albumin Filtration ; Protein Accumulation ; Interstitial, Cortical Albumin Space ; Syrian Hamster
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The intrarenal distribution of radioiodinated human serum albumin (125RISA) after intravenous injection was studied in Syrian hamsters by scintillation counting and frozen section autoradiography. After 15, 30, and 60 min the virtual plasma albumin space in the renal cortex of the hamster represented 6.49, 7.13, and 8.06% respectively of the kidney tissue volume. From the cortex to the renal papilla the albumin space increased to about 30% of the tissue volume. In comparison to this the albumin space in the renal cortex of the rat was about 20%, and in the renal papilla about 33% (11). Frozen section autoradigraphy indicated that the distribution of radioalbumin in the renal cortex of the Syrian hamster is limited mainly to the kidney vessels, being especially noticeable in the glomerular capillaries. Toward the papilla increasingly greater (mainly extratubular) activity could be observed not only intravascularly but also interstitially. In the cortex of the rat kidney, on the other hand, radioactive albumin was accumulated (probably by filtration and reabsorption) predominantly in the proximal tubular epithelium. Within 30 min the kidneys of the rat excreted more than 10 times as much125I than the hamster kidneys. These results (substantially less cortical accumulation and urinary excretion of radioalbumin in the Syrian hamster) indicate that, in contrast to the rat, obviously much less albumin is filtered (and then accumulated by proximal reabsorption) by the Syrian hamster glomeruli. This suggests that the Syrian hamster kidney is more suitable than the rat kidney for determining the interstitial, cortical, albumin space.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 253 (1975), S. 98-108 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei dieser Untersuchung der Oberflächeneigenschaften von ungeschlichteten, vakuumwärmebehandelten „Thornel-50”-Graphitfasern haben wir Tieftemperatur-absorption von Stickstoff und Argon mit Mikrogravimetrie und die massenspektroskopische Analyse angewendet. Es konnte gezeigt werden, daß die spezifische Oberfläche der Graphitfasern niedrig ist, von der Größenordnung 1 m2/g. Diese spezifische Oberfläche nimmt zunächst ab und wächst dann langsam an, wenn die Fasern zu immer höheren Temperaturen aufgeheizt werden. Die Gestalt der Adsorptionsisothermen und der Vergleich der Adsorptionsdaten für Fasern, die bei verschiedenen Temperaturen wärmebehandelt waren, die Analyse der Massenspektren der Gase, die beim Aufheizen entstehen, und die bekannten Größenabmessungen der Graphitkristalle legen streng die Annahme für drei Arten von Adsorptionsstellen an den Fasern nahe. Die Flächenanteile der drei Bereiche sind etwa 0,67, 0,26 und 0,07. Wärmebehandlung bei Vakuum verringert die oxidierten Kanten und erhöht die nichtoxidierte Oberfläche. Das Fehlen einer Hysterese bei hohen relativen Drucken läßt eine vernachlässigbare Zahl an großen Poren vermuten, die mit der Außenseite der Faser verbunden sind. Dagegen ist die Anwesenheit einer relativ hohen Zahl von Mikroporen anzunehmen. Der Vergleich der BET-Oberfläche, gemessen mit Stickstoff bei 77°K mit einer Berechnung, die auf einer scanningelektronenmikroskopischen Aufnahme beruht, führt zu einem Faserrauhigkeitsfaktorr = 3.
    Notes: Summary A study was made of the surface properties of unsized vacuum heat treated “Thornel–50” graphite fibers. The techniques used were low temperature N2 and Ar adsorption by microgravimetry, and mass spectrometry. The experiments showed that graphite fiber specific surface area was low — on the order of 1 M2/g. This specific surface first decreased and then increased slightly as the fibers were heated to higher and higher temperatures, The shape of the adsorption isotherms, comparison of adsorption data for fibers heat treated to different temperatures, analysis of the mass spectra of gases evolved during heating, and the known dimensions of the graphite crystallites provided strong evidence for three kinds of adsorption site patches on the fiber. These were identified as planar faces, edges (of the basal planes), and oxidized edges of oriented graphite crystallites in the fiber surface. The fractions of the fiber surface composed of these three patch types were ca. 0.67, ca. 0.26, and ca. 0.07. Vacuum heat treatment decreased the oxidized edge and increased the unoxidized edge surface. Lack of adsorption hysteresis at high relative pressures suggested a negligible number of large pores opening to the outside of the fiber. However, presence of a relatively large number of micropores was indicated. Comparison of the BET surface area obtained with nitrogen at 77°K with a calculation based on scanning electron microscopy indicated a fiber roughness factor of 3.
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