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  • Electronic Resource  (5)
  • 1990-1994  (4)
  • 1970-1974  (1)
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  • Electronic Resource  (5)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: An electron-beam ion trap (EBIT) has just been completed in the Clarendon Laboratory, Oxford. The design is similar to the devices installed at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. It is intended that the Oxford EBIT will be used for x-ray and UV spectroscopy of hydrogenic and helium-like ions, laser resonance spectroscopy of hydrogenic ions and measurements of dielectronic recombination cross sections, in order to test current understanding of simple highly charged ions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 46 (1990), S. 1168-1172 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Energy turnover ; anoxia ; twitch force ; passive force
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary ATP turnover of isolated rabbit papillary muscles, contracting isometrically at 20°C, was determined in oxygen and during 40 min of exposure to nitrogen (anoxia). Stimulus frequency was 0.2 hertz (Hz) in oxygen and 0.2 or 1.0 Hz in nitrogen. In oxygen, ATP turnover was determined from oxygen consumption using a P/O2 ratio of 6.3. The time-dependent rate of ATP turnover in nitrogen was found from the production of lactate, and the changes in adenine nucleotides and phosphocreatine, measured in rapidly frozen preparations at different time-points during the anoxic period. A P/lactate ratio of 1.5 was used. In muscles stimulated at 0.2 Hz, twitch force dropped during the anoxic period to 33% while force production of muscles stimulated at 1.0 Hz stopped completely. However, in the latter muscles, resting force rose to 19% of the twitch force in oxygen. The rate of ATP hydrolysis in anoxia depended strongly on stimulus frequency, indicating that it is not solely determined by the glycolytic capacity. In the 0.2 Hz-stimulated muscles the decrease in energy turnover occurred in parallel with the drop in force. However, the rise in resting force in muscles stimulated at 1.0 Hz occurred when ATP turnover was close to zero. It was concluded that anoxia hardly affects the energy required for twitch force production, but that the rise of resting force measured when twitch force had disappeared occurred when the rates of cross-bridge cycling and calcium turnover were very low.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Aquatic sciences 52 (1990), S. 115-129 
    ISSN: 1420-9055
    Keywords: Conservative primitive equations ; general circulation model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A three-dimensional numerical circulation model (SOMS) based on primitive equations is described. The algorithm, by which Coriolis and vertical diffusion terms are treated implicitly while mass is still conserved exactly (algebraically), is discussed in detail. The model is applied to Lake Neuchâtel (Switzerland), to determine the general circulation under influence of the most prevailing wind.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 329 (1971), S. 1041-1042 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Nach kurzer Darstellung der Besonderheiten der Wund heilung nach Verbrennungen wird vor allem auf die Nekrolyse bei tiefen zweitbis drittgradigen Verbrennungen eingegangen, zumal sick im Zusammenhang mit der modernen Behandlung von Verbrennungswunden mit Sulfomylon, SilberSulfodiazine und Silber-Nitrat (0,5%) durch Hemmung von Proteasen eine erheblich verzögerte Nekrolyse ergibt. An eingehenden Studien von 25 Schweinen, bei denen reproduzierbare standardisierte Verbrennungen 3. Grades gesetzt werden, wird die Wirkung von Bromelain, Kollagenase, Fibrolan, Trypure Novo und anderer trypsinhaltiger Nekrolytica tierischer und pflanzlicher Herkunft demonstriert und ihr Effekt auf die Proliferationsphase nachgewiesen. Die nekrolytischen Veränderungen und Reepithelialisierungszonen bei den einzelnen Präparaten werden mit dem Planimeter ausgemessen. Die Überlegenheit von Kollagenase konnte nachgewiesen werden. Die im Handel erhältlichen Substanzen sind zwar in der Lage, das denaturierte Zentrum der Verbrennung abzubauen, jedoch gelingt durch these Präparate nicht die Auflösung der mit dem Wundgrund and dem Wundrand verwobenen, nicht denaturierten Kollagenfasern. Die Wirksamkeit der Kollagenase auf die Nekrose ist von der angewandten Konzentration abhängig. Mit einer Konzentration von 13000 U/g war die Nekrolyse bereits am 1., spätestens jedoch am 2. Tag nach der Verbrennung vollständig. Deutlich war der Vorsprung in der Granulationsbildung bei den mit hoher Kollagenasekonzentration behandelten Wunden. Kollagenase in ausreichend hoher Konzentration bewirkt eine äußerst schnelle Nekrolyse, die eine plastische Deckung des Hautdefektes zum optimalen Zeitpunkt ermöglicht. Ob der nach Kollagenasebehandlung zu verzeichnende Vorsprung bei der Proliferation als auch bei der Reepithelisierung our ein rein zeitlicher, durch die schnell erfolgte Nekrolyse oder ein direkter Kollagenaseeffekt ist, steht noch zur Diskussion.
    Notes: Summary After a brief description of the peculiarities of wound healing after burns, necrolysis in deep 2nd to 3rd degree burns is discussed especially since necrolysis is considerably delayed by inhibition of proteases in connexion with modern burns treatment with sulfomylon, silver sulfodiazine and silver nitrate (0.5%). The effect of Bromelain, collagenase, Fibrolan, Trypure Novo and other trypsin-containing necrolytics of animal and vegetable origin is demonstrated in detailed studies on 25 pigs in which reproducible standardised 3rd degree burns had been produced, also their effect on the proliferation phase. The necrolysic changes and zones of re-epithelialisation with the various preparations were measured with the planimeter. Collagenase was shown to be superior. The substances on the market are able to digest the denaturated centre of the burn but they do not succed in dissolving the non-denaturated collagen fibres interwoven with the base and margin of the wound. The efficacy of collagenase on the necrosis depends on the concentration used. With a concentration of 13 000 U/g necrolysis was complete on the 1st or 2nd day after the burn at the latest. The advance in granulationformation in wounds treated with high collagenase concentrations was obvious. Collagenase in sufficiently high concentration produces extremely rapid necrolysis, making possible a plastic covering of the skin defect at the optimal moment. The question whether the advance in proliferation and re-epithelialisation after collagenase treatment is due to the time saved by rapid necrolysis or whether it is a direct collagenase effect is still under discussion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 341 (1991), S. 439-444 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary In order to improve LED fabrication processes inclusive handling in LED packaging and final tinning details of two interlinked phenomena were studied by the use of AES/SAM and XPS: Cu segregation during low-temperature thermal stress as well as different stages of (Cl, S) corrosion which take place at the surface of Ag thin films electroplated on lead frames consisting of CuSn material. In the case of the Ag corrosion a probable mechanism was observed, namely that the initial step is connected with an enlarged presence of Cl in the topmost corrosion layer. In subsequent steps this chlorinated Ag thin film was substituted by sulphatic, afterwards sulphidic silver at the surface. In Ag material adjacent to the Cu segregates all corrosive processes proceed in an especial intense manner, which is demonstrated by the fact, that the Cu-“necks” induced by the segregation process quickly and intensively include deeper located Ag regions into the corrosion process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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