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  • 1985-1989  (3)
  • 1970-1974  (6)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Treatment with GM1 Ganglioside Restores Striatal Dopamine in the 1-Methyl-4-Phenyl-1,2,3,6-Tetrahydropyridine-Treated Mouse (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 51 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), 30 mg/kg i.p. daily for 7 days, was administered to mice. This dosage regimen resulted in an ∼50% reduction of striatal dopamine (DA) level. Chronic administration of GM1 ganglioside (II3NeuAc-GgOse Cer), beginning between 1 to 4 days after terminating MPTP dosing, resulted in partial restoration of the striatal DA level. From dose- and time-response studies, it appeared that 30 mg/kg i.p. of GM1 administered daily for ∼23 days resulted in an ∼80% restoration of the DA level and complete restoration of the 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) content. This dosage of GM1 also restored the turnover rate of DA in the striatum to near normal. Discontinuing GM1 treatment resulted in a fall of DA and DOPAC levels to values found in mice treated with MPTP alone. There was no evidence for regeneration of nerve terminal amine reuptake in the GM1-treated mice as evaluated by DA uptake into synaptosomes. Our biochemical findings in animals suggest that early GM1 ganglioside treatment of individuals with degenerative diseases of dopaminergic nigrostriatal neurons might be fruitful.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1988.tb03086.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    N-Methyl-4-Phenyl-1,2,3,6-Tetrahydropyridine Increases Acetylcholine and Decreases Dopamine in Mouse Striatum: Both Responses Are Blocked by Anticholinergic Drugs (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 45 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The neurotoxin N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) produces neuropathology and clinical symptoms that resemble Parkinsonism in primates and humans. In mice it induces a long-lasting depletion of neostriatal 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine (dopamine) content. Using the mouse, we found that MPTP induces a fall of dopamine and a rise of acetylcholine in the neostriatum. Both responses to MPTP can be blocked by prior treatment with atropine or trihexyphenidyl.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1985.tb10558.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PROPERTIES OF MONOAMINE OXIDASES IN SYMPATHETIC NERVE AND PINEAL GLAND (1972)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 19 (1972), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract— The monoamine oxidases (MAO) of rat pineal gland and superior cervical ganglion were compared and found to have different characteristics. The predominant enzyme in the ganglion was inhibited by low concentrations of clorgyline (0.1 μM), exhibited a lower apparent Km for tyramine than the enzyme in the pineal, was readily inactivated by trypsin, and was relatively heat-stable. In contrast, the MAO of the pineal was inhibited by 0.1 mm clorgyline, was not readily inactivated by trypsin, and was heat-labile. Moreover, these enzymes appeared to have different substrate specificities. Our results are consistent with the view that there may be multiple forms of MAO and that these forms may be associated with specific cell types.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1972.tb01450.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DISTRIBUTION AND PROPERTIES OF ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME OF RAT BRAIN (1972)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 19 (1972), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract— Angiotensin converting enzyme of rat brain was studied using Hip-His-Leu as substrate. The highest specific activity of the enzyme was associated with the microsomal fraction. The specific activity of the microsomal enzyme in several regions of the rat brain varied significantly. For example, the specific activities of the striatal and pituitary enzymes were about 10-fold greater than that of the cerebral cortical enzyme. The enzyme required chloride ion; moreover, activity was inhibited in the presence of disodium EDTA or O-phenanthroline, effects suggesting that the converting enzyme of brain is a metalloprotein. SQ-20881, a nonapeptide that inhibits converting enzyme in peripheral tissue, was a potent inhibitor of the enzyme of brain. In addition to Hip-His-Leu, the microsomal fraction was capable of liberating C terminal dipeptides from angiotensin I, Hip-Gly-Gly and Z-Gly- Gly-Val. The broad substrate specificity of the enzyme suggests that, in addition to the possible contribution of the enzyme to the brain renin-angiotensin system, other naturally occurring peptides might also be substrates for the enzyme.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1972.tb01298.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential distribution of angiotensin converting enzyme in the anterior and posterior lobe of the rat pituitary (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 21 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1973.tb07554.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    BIOGENIC AMINES AND THEIR METABOLITES AS SUBSTRATES FOR PHENOL SULPHOTRANSFERASE (EC 2.8.2.1) OF BRAIN AND LIVER (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 21 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Phenol sulphotransferase activity in homogenates of rat liver and brain was determined spectrophotometrically. Rat liver had about 100-fold more phenol sulphotransferase activity than brain; however, both tissues showed about the same spectrum of activity towards the phenolic compounds tested. Dopamine and its acidic and neutral metabolites and the neutral metabolites of norepinephrine were the compounds most readily sulphury-lated in vitro. They were also the compounds most readily sulphurylated in vivo when they were injected intraventricularly together with labelled Na2SO4. When labelled Na2SO4 was injected alone, we detected conjugation of endogenous phenols. One of the compounds formed was identified by its chromatographic characteristics as 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-phenylethyleneglycol sulphate. We detected other conjugates which appeared to be the sulphate esters of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethyleneglycol; 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid; and homovanillic acid. In brain, sulphate conjugation may be a major route of metabolism for many of the phenolic compounds related to the biogenic amines and possibly for phenolic drugs which enter the brain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1973.tb04220.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MONOAMINE OXIDASE: AN APPROXIMATION OF TURNOVER RATES (1971)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 18 (1971), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: One hour after the intravenous injection of pargyline (10 mg/kg), the activity of monoamine oxidase (EC 1.4.3.4) in various brain regions, in the submaxillary gland and in the superior cervical ganglion of the rat was inhibited by about 95 per cent. From the return of monoamine oxidase activity with time, we estimated that the half-life of the enzyme is about 11 days in the brain and 4 days in the submaxillary gland and superior cervical ganglion. The return of activity was inhibited by treatment with cycloheximide. The half-life of monoamine oxidase in brain regions bore no relationship to the turnover rates of the monoamines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1971.tb03740.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    TRYPTOPHAN 5-HYDROXYLASE: APPROXIMATION OF HALF-LIFE AND RATE OF AXONAL TRANSPORT (1972)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 19 (1972), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: —The half-life of tryptophan 5-hydroxylase (EC 1.14.3) in rats was estimated from the return of enzyme activity after administration of p-chlorophenylalanine and from the decline of enzyme activity in spinal cord after transection or an intraspinal injection of colchicine. The half-life was 2–3 days. Axonal transport of enzyme, estimated from the reappearance of activity in consecutive portions of spinal cord after treatment with p-chlorophenylalanine, was of the order of 5–7 mm/day. This rate is characteristic of 'slow’axonal flow. Our results suggest that changes in the synthesis of new enzyme are probably not responsible for acute changes in the turnover of serotonin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1972.tb05096.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Xenografting of fetal pig ventral mesencephalon corrects motor asymmetry in the rat model of Parkinson's disease (1989)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 77 (1989), S. 329-336 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Neural transplantation ; Xenograft ; Fetal pig ; Rat striatum ; Rotational behavior ; Tyrosine hydroxylase immunohistochemistry ; Parkinson's disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A suspension of cells from embryonic day 21 fetal pig ventral mesencephalon was transplanted into the striatum of 20 immunosuppressed rats with 6-hydroxydopamine-induced lesions of the nigrostriatal dopamine pathway. Of these rats, 15 showed reduction of amphetamine-induced ipsilateral rotation by 9 weeks and complete reversal of rotation by 14–17 weeks. Animals maintained stable reversal of rotations (contralateral direction) until cessation of Cyclosporin A (CyA) treatment at 15–20 weeks. Within 4–9 weeks after CyA removal, these rats showed exclusively ipsilateral rotations during behavioral testing which were comparable to pre-transplant levels, suggesting that the grafts were rejected upon cessation of CyA treatment. Rats were sacrificed and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunohistochemistry was performed at several time points, both on and off CyA, to examine a possible correlation between the degree of rotational behavior and the number of TH- positive surviving grafted cells. Staining showed large numbers (230–12,329) of TH-positive surviving cells in animals displaying a high degree of rotational correction (1.6 to -9.6 net ipsilateral rotations/min) after cessation of CyA treatment. Two control groups, those transplanted with nonneuronal cells from the pig ventral mesencephalon (n=5) and those receiving only daily CyA injections (n=4) showed no significant reduction of net ipsilateral rotations throughout the experiment. No TH-positive surviving cells were seen in the one non-neuronal transplant analyzed. This data demonstrates long-term retention of xenografted tissue with immunosuppression and its concomitant restoration of normal motor behavior in the rat model of Parkinson's disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00274990
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