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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Stereoscopic structures of cancellous bone of human vertebral bodies were studied with a scanning electron microcope at autopsy of 2 cases of primary and 4 of secondary hyperparathyreoidism. One principle finding are enlarged resorbing surfaces all over numerous bone trabeculae. There is a compensatory activity of forming surfaces, which brings about mineralizing fronts and extended active osteoid seams. Active fiber osteoid predominates in cases with secondary (renal). HPT. No morphological differences can be demonstrated on bone trabeculae of dialyzed or non-dialyzed patients. These results are in a certain contrast to SEM findings in rat parietal bone after experimental PTH administration, which showed a striking increase of resting surfaces. These short-term animal experiments, however, are not really comparable to human chronic hyperparathyreoidism. The osteocytes of lamellar compact bone prove to be enlarged in cases of primary and secondary hyperparathyreoidism as compared to specimens of normal compact bone. The difference is slight but is statistically significant. We explain this not as periosteocytic osteolysis but as an effect of the disturbed maturation brought about by defective mineralization of the osteocyte capsules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 232 (1957), S. 387-392 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 1. Es wird eine Methode beschrieben, nach der sich ADP und ATP colorimetrisch quantitativ erfassen lassen nach Zinkstaubreduktion und Diazotierung der reduzierten Adeninmolekel. 2. Im Blut gesunder Versuchspersonen finden sich im Mittel 52 mg-% ADP-ATP. Hiervon sind etwa 96% im Erythrocyten, der Rest im Serum enthalten. 3. Untersuchungen an einem größeren Krankengut (100 Fälle) ergeben keine spezifischen Abweichungen des ADP-ATP-Gehaltes von der Norm für die einzelnen Krankheitsbilder.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 35 (1957), S. 1027-1029 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 1. Nach intravenöser Injektion von kolloidalen Substanzen oder Kongorot steigen die Werte von ATP + ADP im Blut von Kaninchen und Menschen an. 2. Der zeitliche Ablauf dieses Anstiegs wird am besten durch Bestimmungen unmittelbar vor und 2, 4, 7 und 24 Std nach der Injektion erfaßt. Kurvenmäßig dargestellt ergeben die gewonnenen Werte relativ gleichförmige ansteigende und nach 4–7 Std wieder abfallende Kurven. 3. Derartige Kurven wurden an 40 Gesunden, 40 Leberkranken und der gleichen Zahl Patienten mit den verschiedensten anderen Krankheitengewonnen. 4. Mit hoher Regelmäßigkeit traten bei Leberkranken abfallende Werte auf, die bei andern Krankheiten nicht beobachtet werden. 5. Es wirken sich offenbar schon recht kleine Störungen der Leberfunktion in dem geschilderten Sinne aus, so daß durch Äthernarkose entstandene interkurrente Leberschäden noch 12–14 Tage lang nachgewiesen werden können.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Thromboangiitis obliterans ; Dementia ; Cortical synaptophysin expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The generalized form of von Winiwarter-Buerger's disease (WBD) occasionally involves the brain. However, pure cerebral forms of the disease were also described by Spatz and Lindenberg (“Spatz-Lindenberg's disease”, SLD). Both, the type I, which involves the large basal arteries, and the type II, which results in a sickle-shaped granular atrophy of the cerebral cortex, are often accompanied by (“vascular”) dementia, which Lindenberg and Spatz mainly attributed to the bilateral involvement of the second frontal gyrus by granular atrophy. Recently, synaptic deprivation of the cortical gray matter has been shown to occur in the dementia of Alzheimer type (DAT) and other neurodegenerative disorders. In DAT, the synaptic loss highly correlated with the degree of the mental impairment. We wanted to examine whether similar changes also occurred in dementia of vascular origin, for which SLD, although infrequent, is a typical example. In fact, we found that in three cases of typical SLD type II the synaptophysin immunoreactivity of the cortical neuropil in areas without overt infarcts or scar formation was as much reduced as in Alzheimer's disease. Although it must be taken into account that in the present cases the synapse loss might, at least in part, be due to secondary (Wallerian) degeneration as a result of the neuronal loss in the “watershed” regions of the arterial blood supply, it cannot be excluded that a decline of cortical synaptic contacts in areas without necroses or scars may occur as a primary event, contributing to the pathogenesis of the dementia. Final conclusions can only be expected from investigations into further cases of cerebro-vascular disorders with and without dementia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 52 (1991), S. 223-233 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 44.25 ; 44.60+f ; 47.25.Q
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The temperature oscillation accompanying the photoacoustic effect generates a periodic variation of the vapor pressure of a liquid. The propagation of the oscillating concentration of the vapor in the inert cell gas (air) is described by a mass diffusion wave on which a convective motion of the gas is superposed. The diffusion wave characterized by the diffusion coefficient of the cell gas alone can be measured by the Mirage effect, whereas a microphone detects the total mass flux including the convective flux, which increases with temperature. On approaching the boiling temperature, the convective flow will govern the oscillating transport of mass. The photoacoustic signal is determined directly from the flux of heat and mass at the boundary between liquid and gas using the Gauss' divergence theorem. We have found that the temperature behaviour of the amplitude and phase angle of the photoacoustic signal depends on the length of the gas column in the cell. The contribution of thermal expansion to the photoacoustic signal is considered using the composite piston model. The results of the calculations agree fairly well with the experimental data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European spine journal 3 (1994), S. 91-97 
    ISSN: 1432-0932
    Keywords: Biomechanics ; Spine tester ; Spinal stability ; Muscle simulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We report a new apparatus to determine the quasistatic, three-dimensional, load-displacement characteristics of spines including muscle forces. The loading frame can be adapted to mono- and polysegmental specimens from the lumbar or cervical spine as well as to entire spines. Three force and three moment components can be applied in either direction individually or in combination with no constraint on the resulting motion; the loads can be applied at user-chosen rates of application and release with continuous recording of displacements, so as to study either creep or relaxation. The loads and displacement-measuring devices are computer-controlled. Thus, this testing device provides a tool for many kinds of stability tests and for basic research of spine biomechanics. A first experiment shows that the application of muscle forces significantly affects the load-deformation characteristics and intradiscal pressure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 7 (1974), S. 233-239 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Pharmacokinetics ; computational aids ; mathematical models
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A slide rule has been devised which is based on the general mathematical models of pharmacokinetics. It permits calculation of exact dosage regimens for individual patients from certain basic parameters. First, from the patient's renal clearance, the proportionality constant characterizing renal excretion of a certain drug (a) and its non-renal rate constant of elimination (k nr), the rate constant of total elimination (k e) can be calculated. Second, fromk e, the apparent volume of distribution (V d) and the desired final mean concentration of a drug (c∞), exact values can readily be obtained for the loading dose (D*) and the dosage schedule, which consists of the maintenance dose (D), the dosing intervals (τ) and the infusion rate for intravenous administration. In addition the slide rule provides information about the rate at which c∞ is reached ifD alone is administered at τ, and the fluctuation in the concentration around c∞ to be anticipated during τ. By use of this calculation, the slide rule facilitates the decision whether a loading dose should be given, and what dosage schedule is best suited to the therapeutic problem. It is possible, therefore, to calculate exact dosage regimens for individual patients, even for those with excretory dysfunction. The slide rule should also help physicians to comprehend the nature and significance of pharmacokinetic mechanisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 152 (1993), S. 462-466 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 152 (1993), S. 387-388 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 149 (1990), S. 822-824 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Clinical studies ; Study design
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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