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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE ISOLATION OF CHOLINERGIC SYNAPTIC VESICLES FROM BOVINE SUPERIOR CERVICAL GANGLION AND ESTIMATION OF THEIR ACETYLCHOLINE CONTENT (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 20 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract— A method is described for the isolation of relatively pure cholinergic synaptic vesicles by hypo-osmotic shock and density gradient centrifugation of a synaptosome fraction prepared from bovine superior cervical ganglia. Vesicles from this source were found to sediment to a density equivalent to 0·3–0·41 M-sucrose. The vesicle subfraction from the gradient had an acetylcholine (ACh) content of 4.4 nmol/mg of protein and were subject to leakage of ACh. By a ‘tagging’ technique, the vesicles were counted under the electron microscope and their numbers related to their ACh concentration. After correction for leakage, an ACh content of 1630 molecules/vesicle was estimated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1973.tb00026.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rat folic acid reductase activity during the perinatal period, in newborns, and after trimethoprim administration (1972)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 274 (1972), S. 229-237 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Rat Folic Acid Reductase ; Pregnancy ; Fetus ; Newborns ; Trimethoprim
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The folic acid reductase activity in various organs of adult rats was studied in comparison to pregnant females (20th day of gestation) and fetal rats. The enzyme activities in the tissues of pregnant rats were in general about 30% higher than in normal adults. Fetal rats also possess the ability to catalyze the reduction of dihydrofolic acid, but it is evident that the liver and kidney have a considerably reduced capacity to form tetrahydrofolate. The folic acid reductase activity in liver and kidney rises for 10 days after birth and then declines to normal enzyme levels by the 4th week of life. Further studies concerning the interaction between trimethoprim and folic acid reductase in adult rats demonstrate that an oral dose of 5 or 50 mg/kg results in about a 30% increase of folic acid reductase activity in liver and kidney. The experiments suggest that there is a stimulation of enzyme synthesis following trimethoprim administration; because, the trimethoprim induced increase of the reductase activity is blocked by the administration of either puromycin or actinomycin D.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00501932
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution and elimination of trimethoprim in pregnant and newborn rats (1972)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 272 (1972), S. 369-377 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Trimethoprim ; Placental Transfer ; Distribution ; Elimination ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary After a single i.v. administration of 50 mg/kg of Trimethoprim (TM) to rats in late pregnancy, a diffusion equilibrium of the folic acid inhibitor in the foetal organs is reached after 30–60 min. The TM levels in maternal as well as in foetal organs can have an inhibitory effect on folic acid reductase activity. The elimination of TM is lower in pregnant than in non-pregnant animals. The TM elimination of the foeti is dependent on the elimination capacity of the mother. Three-days-old rats eliminate TM some four times slower than mature animals owing to their reduced kidney development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00501243
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of rat folic acid reductase activity by trimethoprim during the later stages of gestation (1973)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 278 (1973), S. 227-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Trimethoprim ; Rat Folic Acid Reductase ; Pregnancy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The increased level of folic acid reductase activity in rats during the perinatal period is inhibited following the oral administration of 5 or 50 mg/kg Trimethoprim. When the enzyme activity was tested in vitro, the highest sensitivity to the antimetabolite was displayed by the liver reductase isolated from rats the 20th day of pregnancy, the lowest was observed in the foetal liver extract. It is proposed that the stimulated reductase activity during the pregnancy is caused by a newly synthesized, Trimethoprim-sensitive enzyme form. The results of the in vitro experiments could contribute to the suggested hypothesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00500653
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphine Tolerance and Supersensitivity to 5-Hydroxytryptamine in the Myenteric Plexus of the Guinea-pig (1973)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 244 (1973), S. 168-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1 Dose-response curves for 5-HT. Data are for control strips (*) and morphine-tolerant preparations the third day after pellet implantation (). 5-HT was added to the bath 10 s after turning off the electrical stimulation. The ordinates represent tension in % of the preceding electrically ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/244168a0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Micropinocytotic Origin of Coated and Smooth Microvesicles (“Synaptic Vesicles”) in Neurosecretory Terminals of Posterior Pituitary Glands demonstrated by Incorporation of Horseradish Peroxidase (1971)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 232 (1971), S. 341-342 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] This view implies that microvesicles of both sorts have been open, at some time, to the extracellular environment, and it should be possible to test this by determining whether they engulf marker substances that do not traverse the intact cell membrane. One such substance, horseradish peroxidase, ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/232341a0
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coated Microvesicles in Neurosecretory Terminals of Posterior Pituitary Glands shed their Coats to become Smooth “Synaptic” Vesicles (1971)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 232 (1971), S. 340-341 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Neurohypophyses of unanaesthetized rats were exposed following decapitation2 and fixed, according to Karnovsky6, during electrical stimulation. This yielded many microvesicles with readily discernible coats, some complete but others apparently partial. Such microvesicles can be seen mingled with ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/232340a0
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural Evidence of Secretion by Exocytosis and of “Synaptic Vesicle” Formation in Posterior Pituitary Glands (1970)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 227 (1970), S. 407-409 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] We present here electron microscopic evidence, from posterior pituitary glands of rats and hamsters, leading to a quite different view, namely that the neurosecretory granules void their contents directly to the cell exterior by the process of exocytosis, and that synaptic vesicles arise as ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/227407a0
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optische Messungen an Amylose-Farbstoff-Komplexen (1970)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 239 (1970), S. 578-580 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Upon addition of Congo red, neutral aqueous solutions of amylose show several induced Cotton-effects in the regio of the dye absorption bands. It is assumed that Congo red forms sterically ordered adducts with helical amylose segments. With several other azo dyes (methyl orange, α-naphthol orange, chrysophenin G), no induced Cotton-effects were observed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In neutralen wäßrigen Lösungen, die Amylose und Kongorot enthalten, treten im Bereich der Absorptionsmaxima Abweichungen von der normalen optischen Rotationsdispersion und mehrere induzierte Cotton-Effekte auf. Hieraus wird auf eine geordnete Assoziation der Farbstoffmoleküle an helicale Segmente der Amylose geschlossen. Bei Methylorange, β-Naphtholorange und Chrysophenin G sind keine induzierten Cotton-Effekte zu beobachten.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02133312
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conformation of amylose in aqueous solution: Optical rotatory dispersion and circular dichroism of amylose-iodine complexes and dependence on chain length of retrogradation of amylose (1971)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 10 (1971), S. 243-261 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The dependence on chain length of two characteristic properties of amylose, i.e., retrogradation and complex formation with iodine, have been studied by using enzymatically synthesized, homodisperse amyloses. The association rates of amyloses in water containing 5% dimethyl sulfoxide have a sharp maximum at a degree of polymerization P̄n of 80; shorter and longer molecules are much more soluble. The iodine complexes of amylose exhibit a strong Cotton effect in the range of the long-wave absorption maximum (position depending on chain length) and two weaker Cotton effects at 480 and 350 nm. The long-wave Cotton effect is most intense at about P̄n 50 and decreases rapidly for shorter and longer chains. This behavior is unexpected and is not in accordance with the further increase of λmax and λmax. The experiments can best be interpreted by assuming well ordered, stiff chains in the low molecular weight range (P̄n 50-80). For longer chains, the findings are discussed in the light of current concepts of amylose conformation in aqueous solution, namely the model of the broken helical chain (alternating stiff helical segments and unordered regions) and the model of a flexible coil without a significant helical content. However, according to the results given in this paper, a wormlike helical chain seems to be the most adequate model for amylose conformation in neutral solution.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360100203
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