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  • 1995-1999  (1)
  • 1965-1969  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Marine biology 3 (1969), S. 227-232 
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé 1. Sept années de recherches sur le «Grand Récif» de Tuléar (côte sud-ouest de Madagascar) conduisent les auteurs à présenter quelques résultats préliminaires nouveaux et à suggérer quelques hypothèses de travail concernant notamment la structure trophique du complexe biocoenotique récifal. 2. Le «Grand Récif” de Tuléar paraît constituer un système presque autarcique doté d'une production primare benthique importante représentée par: les zooxanthelles, qui paraissent être éliminées normalement de façon plus ou moins rythmique par les invertébrés hôtes; les Diatomées et Cyanophycées épiphytes; peut-être les «filaments verts» (Ostreobium) existant dans le squelette des Coraux. L'apport énergétique d'origine planctonique paraît faible. 3. La plupart des Cnidaires sessiles, et particulièrement les Zoanthaires, produisent des quantités importantes de mucus; celui-ci intervient sans doute dans la genèse d'agrégats particulaires, pourvus d'une couverture de microorganismes épiphytes; cette production «paraprimaire» est récupérée par le complexe récifal, d'une part au niveau des bancs de sables grossiers, et, d'autre part, par le réseau alvéolaire évoqué ci-dessous. 4. La lacune la plus grave de toutes les études antérieures concernant le complexe biocoenotique récifal est de n'avoir considéré que ce qui existait sur le récif construit et d'avoir négligé la riche faune de petits invertébrés, appartenant essentiellement à l'échelon secondaire de la pyramide alimentaire, faune qui est enfermée dans un système de cavités («maille récifale”) d'où elle ne sort que sous l'effet de la surpopulation. 5. La production relativement faible des édifices récifaux à l'échelon des poissons carnivores paraît résulter essentiellement du blocage de cette production secondaire au sein de la «maille récifale»; il y a là un gigantesque gaspillage de production animale qui fait du complexe récifal un système déséquilibré sur le plant trophique.
    Notes: Abstract Seven years of investigations on the so-called “Grand Récif” at Tuléar (south-western coast of Madagascar) lead the authors to put forward several hypotheses about the trophic structure of this biocoenotic complex. The Tuléar coral reef seems to be an almost autarchic system, with a very important benthic primary production by xanthelles, epiphytic diatoms and blue-green algae, and perhaps “green filaments” (Ostreobium); the energetic contribution from planktonic production seems to be rather small. A very important content of organic aggregates in the reef waters probably results from the high production of mucus by most of the corals and similar organisms (mainly zoantharians). This “paraprimary” production is trapped in the coarse sand banks and in the “mesh” of the reef (see below). The fauna of small invertebrates, belonging mainly to the secondary link of the food chain, is very rich in the small holes and crevices existing in the reef mass, but scarce in the biocoenoses on the reef surface. The dead parts of the reef have a “mesh” structure which confines most of this fauna representing the secondary level of the food pyramid. The production of fish in the reef coral environment is poor, probably because of the blocking of most of this secondary production in the reef's “mesh” structure; in this alveolary system a gigantic wasting of animal production takes place, which makes the trophic structure of the coral reef complex and quite unbalanced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: cation exchange capacity ; gypsum ; lime ; Quercus petraea ; sessile oak
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract In a former 45 to 50 year old sessile oak ( Quercus petraea (M.) Liebl.) coppice mixed with birch (Betula pubescens Ehrh.) and rowan (Sorbus aucuparia L.) on a poor acidic forest soil at la Croix-Scaille in the French Ardennes, several liming amendments were applied in 1990 and 1994. Data on soil and soil solution composition, as well as stand growth and foliar composition were collected between 1994 and 1997. All treatments, containing 1.4 t ha-1 equivalent of CaO supplied as lime, gypsum or a mixture of the two, resulted in an increase of cation exchange capacity and base saturation down to 15 cm and for CaSO4 treatments down to 30 to 45 cm, increases of soil pH and Ca concentration at the surface and a decrease of Al concentration in the soil and soil solution in the surface layers. No negative effects like increased nitrate or cation leaching were observed. Although Mg nutrition was not improved by the treatments (not containing Mg), a relative and maintained gain of radial increment of sessile oak in the order of 40% for both lime and gypsum applied, was observed immediately from the first year on, after the application (1991).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant foods for human nutrition 13 (1966), S. 274-279 
    ISSN: 1573-9104
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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