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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Is ICI 182,780 an antiprogestin in addition to being an antiestrogen? (2000)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 60 (2000), S. 1-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: estrogens ; antiestrogens ; antiprogestins ; progestins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The pure antiestrogen ICI 182,780 has been shown to have antiprogestin activity in reporter gene constructs. Cell lines, naturally devoid of progesterone receptors (PR) were transfected with either the A or B forms of the human PR and a luciferase construct driven by a progesterone-response element (PRE). Because this system is an artificial one, our purpose was to determine whether these observations could be made in a human breast cancer cell line, naturally containing PR. We further evaluated the dose-response of ICI 182,780 and RU-486 (mifepristone) on PR and estrogen receptors (ER) in the presence of either progesterone, norgestrel or estradiol. These effects were measured using immunoassays for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and human glandular kallikrein (hK2) and pS2. We found that ICI 182,780 blocked progesterone-stimulated PSA and hK2 production 100% at 10−5 M, which decreased significantly by 10−6 M. This inhibition did not occur when norgestrel was the progestin used. RU-486 showed 100% blockade for both progestins at all concentrations used. We concluded that the antiprogestin activity of ICI 182,780 exists for progesterone only. This weak antiprogestin activity may be unlikely to have significant clinical implications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006334132303
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  • 2
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    Unknown
    Mutant deoxynucleotide carrier DNC is associated with congenital microcephaly (2002)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-11
    Language: English
    Type: article , doc-type:article
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    OPUS
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of strain gauges in the measurement of the B1/B2 phase transformation in shock-loaded potassium chloride (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 2765-2768 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The shock induced phase transformation in potassium chloride (from the NaCl B1 structure to the CsCl B2 structure) has been investigated using constantan strain gauges. These gauges have been mounted in pressed, polycrystalline samples in an orientation that renders them sensitive to the uniaxial strain that characterizes the plate impact geometry. At the phase transformation stress (of ∼2 GPa), measured strains of ∼ −0.1 were observed, slightly higher than the values quoted in the literature. We suggested that residual porosity within the microstructure is a possible explanation. Over impact stresses of 2.5–4.0 GPa, total measured strains agree with the work of others at the lower end of our measured range, but are significantly lower at higher stresses. We suggest that this might be due to the nonequilibrium state of the material at the time of measurement. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.372253
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comment on "Thermal nonequilibrium of the shock-compressed state of polymers realized by 1 GPa shock waves" [J. Appl. Phys. 84, 6592 (1998)] (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 88 (2000), S. 2177-2178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In a recent article, Nagayama and Mori [J. Appl. Phys. 84, 6592 (1998)] arrived at several conclusions concerning the thermodynamic nature of shock loaded plexiglass in the low stress range. Their departure point is the kink in the shock velocity-particle velocity curve for this material from which they obtain kinks in the temperature versus shock stress and Gruneisen parameter versus compression curves. These results are in sharp contrast with our conclusions concerning these entities which were published in the early 80's. Our experimental work relied on measuring the temperature of the shock loaded plexiglass using very thin copper thermistors embedded in the specimens. This technique and our main results are reviewed here. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1305901
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wet etching of GaAs using synchrotron radiation x rays (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 3033-3040 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The results of room-temperature wet etching of GaAs using synchrotron-radiation x rays are described. Under x-ray illumination, etching occurs on the n-GaAs surface in contact with an acid or base solution or even deionized water. The etching process is studied as functions of the electrolytes, their concentration, semiconductor doping level, and x-ray intensity and energy. The etching mechanism is determined to be primarily electrochemical in nature, but the x-ray radiation chemistry plays a role in the etching. Smoothly etched surfaces are achievable with a root-mean-square surface roughness of 0.7–2.0 nm. We also found that the etching rate increases substantially with the ratio of the sample size to the x-ray exposure size. This is accounted for by the rate-limiting effect on the charge transfer across the semiconductor-electrolyte junction. The chemistry of etched surfaces is studied using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and compared to that of as-received surfaces. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1345859
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synchrotron-radiation-induced, selective-area deposition of gold on polyimide from solution (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 76 (2000), S. 2014-2016 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Room-temperature photoinduced, selective-area deposition of gold films on polyimide from gold salt solution using synchrotron radiation x rays is described. A film growth rate as high as 40 nm/min is obtained. For thickness 〈50 nm, the films consist of nanograins with a grain size of about 200 nm. For thicker films, gold deposit forms a ramified morphology on top of the nanograin film. The change in morphology is discussed in terms of the change in the yield of the photoelectrons generated by x rays as a function of growth. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.126239
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanisms for very long electromigration lifetime in dual-damascene Cu interconnections (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 78 (2001), S. 904-906 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Electromigration in 0.27 μm wide Cu damascene interconnections has been investigated. The results show that the electromigration time to failure of Cu interconnections is greatly influenced by the thickness of the metal liner at the contact between the via and underlying line. A remarkably long lifetime was achieved when a 3 nm thick liner (at the via/metal line interface) was used, since the abrupt mass flux divergence at this interface normally seen is greatly diminished. Voids were found in the regions where there was no electric field and on the bamboo Cu grain structure. Void formation is explained by the effect of a vacancy wind. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1347400
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sample size effect in photoelectrochemical etching of n-GaAs (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 1319-1321 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A sample size effect on the etching rate in the photoelectrochemical etching of n-GaAs is demonstrated using synchrotron radiation x rays as the light source. It is shown that the etching rate increases significantly with the ratio of sample size to x-ray illuminated area. The rate-limiting effect on the charge transfer across the semiconductor–electrolyte junction is found to account for the phenomenon. It is also found that the etching rate relates to the nonilluminated area with a rather simple function. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1289908
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Birth, obstetrics and human evolution (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    BJOG 109 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-0528.2002.00010.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Disclosure Decisions of Parents Who Conceive Children Using Donor Eggs (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of obstetric, gynecologic and neonatal nursing 31 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1552-6909
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Study Objective: To identify variables that influence the disclosure decisions of parents who conceive children using donor eggs and to compare such variables among disclosing, nondisclosing, and undecided families. Design: Exploratory, comparative, descriptive. Setting: A university hospital–assisted reproductive technology program in the Midwest. Participants: Thirty-one couples with children conceived with anonymously donated eggs. Methods: Audiotaped telephone interviews, measures of social support and family environment, and a demographic survey. Main Outcome Measures: Content analysis of interview transcripts and comparison of recurring themes among groups. Results: The majority of parents intended disclosure. Dominant themes among disclosing parents included the belief that a child has a right to know and concerns about the harmful effects of family secrets. Among nondisclosing parents, common themes were knowing of no compelling reason to tell and perceiving potential harm in telling. Undecided parents reported concerns about how and when to tell and the child's possible reaction. Parents in all groups expressed concern about their disclosure decisions. Conclusions: Dominant decisional influences were beliefs and values and concerns about possible harm. Longitudinal study is needed to determine the impact of disclosure decisions on children, families, and society.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.2002.tb00050.x
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