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  • 23.60.+e  (5)
  • 25.70.Jj  (3)
  • 11.30.er  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of the neutron-deficient isotopes213,214Pa (1995)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 351 (1995), S. 125-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 23.60.+e ; 27.90.+b
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Two new neutron-deficient isotopes,213Pa and214Pa were produced in complete fusion reactions of51V-ions with170Er targets at (5.2−5.6) AMeV. The assignment was based on delayed evaporation residue -α -α time and position coincidences. Theα- decay energies of213,214Pa were measured to be Eα=(8236±20) keV and Eα=(8116±20) keV, respectively. The half-lives of213,214Pa were determined to be T1/2=(5.3 −1.6 +4.0 ms and T1/2=(17 ±3) ms, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01289518
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ‘Slow’ residues observed in the reaction20Ne+208Pb at E/A=8.6, 11.4 and 15.0 MeV/u (1994)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 348 (1994), S. 301-309 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 25.70.Gh ; 25.70.Jj
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Velocity distributions of heavy residuesA Res〉A tar,Z Res〉Z tar identified by means ofα spectroscopy, have been investigated at the velocity filter SHIP in reactions20Ne+208Pb at projectile energies E/A=8.6, 11.4 and 15.0 MeV/u. Besides products from complete or nearly complete fusion, characterized by velocity distributions peaking atν/ν CN≅0.8–1.0, heavy residues with mean velocities of about half of the compound nucleus velocity were observed. The Z-distribution of this component was found to peak atZ=87. It is interpreted as residues from fusion of target nuclei with projectile fragments produced by nearly symmetric break-up. The experimental results were compared with predictions of theoretical models: cross sections for incomplete fusion were calculated using the sum-rule model of Wilcynski et al., while residue cross sections were calculated using the evaporation code HIVAP. A fair agreement between experimental and calculated mass distributions of heavy residues and transferred projectile fragments is achieved if an energy dissipation of ≅23% (at E/A=8.6 MeV/u) and ≅8% (at E/A=11.4 MeV/u) of the incident projectile energy is introduced. The observed peak of theZ-distribution atZ=87 is predominantly effected due to a higher fission probability of products withZ〉87 during the deexcitation process and experimental limitations in the identification of products withZ≦86 by means of a spectroscopy, which cause a decrease of the observed production rates towards lowerZ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01305889
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production and decay of269110 (1995)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 350 (1995), S. 277-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 21.10.Dr ; 23.60.+e ; 25.70.−z ; 27.90.+b
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract In an experiment carried out to identify element 110, we have observed anα-decay chain, that can be unambiguously assigned to269110. In a scries of preexperiments the excitation functions of the fusion reactions50Ti +208Pb→258104* and58Fe +208Pb→266108* were measured with high precision in order to get the optimum projectile energies for the production of these heavy elements. The cross-section maxima of the 1n evaporation channels were observed at excitation energies of 15.6 MeV and 13.4 MeV, respectively. These data result in an optimum excitation energy of 12.3 MeV of the compound nucleus for the production of269110 in the reaction62Ni +208Pb→269110 + 1n. In irradiations at the corresponding beam energy of 311 MeV we have observed a decay chain of 4 subsequent a decays. This can be assigned to the isotope with the mass number 269 of the element 110 on the basis of delayed α-α coincidences. The accurately measured decay data of the daughter isotopes of the elements 108 to 102, obtained in the previous experiments, were used. The isotope269110 decays with a hair-life of (270 -120 +1300 ) μs by emission of (11.132±0.020) MeV alpha particles. The production cross-section is (3.3 -2.7 +6.2 ) pb.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01291181
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The new element 111 (1995)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 350 (1995), S. 281-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 21.10.Dr ; 23.60.+e ; 25.70.−z ; 27.90.+b
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The new element 111 was produced and unambiguously identified in an experiment at SHIP, GSI Darmstadt. Three nuclei of the isotope272111 were observed in irradiations of209Bi targets with64Ni projectiles of 318 MeV and 320 MeV energy. The cross-sections are (1.7 −1.4 +3.3 ) pb and (3.5 −2.3 +4.6 ) pb, respectively. The nuclei decay by a emission into the new and so far the heaviest isotopes of the elements 109 and 107 with mass numbers A=268 and A=264. Theα-decay chains were followed down to the known nuclei260105 and256Lr.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01291182
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Element 107 (1989)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 333 (1989), S. 163-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 23.60.+e ; 25.70.3f ; 25.85.Ca ; 27.9.+6
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We identified twoα-emitting isotopes of element 107 with masses of 261 and 262 respectively by parent-daughter correlations. For the isotope with mass 262 we found two transitions with (102±26) ms and (8.0±2.1) ms half-life, which we assign to the groundstate and to an isomeric transition, respectively. The half-life of the isotope with mass 261 is (11.8 −2.8 +5.3 ) ms. Spontaneous fission, which could be assigned to the decay of an isotope of element 107, was not detected in our experiments. This observation is in-line with our previous results, indicating a region of nuclei with strong microscopic stabilisation in the trans-actinides. Both new isotopes were produced by complete fusion of209Bi with54Cr. The production cross sections are (163±34) pb for262107 and (36 −14 +22 ) pb for261107.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01565147
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The isotopes259106,260106, and261106 (1985)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 322 (1985), S. 227-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 23.60.+ e ; 25.85.Ca ; 25.70.Jj
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract In irradiations of207Pb and208Pb, respectively, with54Cr theα-decay of the isotopes259106,260106, and261106 could be observed for the first time. For260106 a spontaneous fission branch of (50 −20 +30 )% was observed. The isotopes were identified by genetic relationships of α-decay after separation in-flight with the velocity filter SHIP and implantation into a position-sensitive silicon surface-barrier detector. The measured partial fission halflife of the doubly even isotope260106 of (7.2 −2.7 +4.8 )ms exceeds the predicted values by at least a factor of 40. This result could be explained by the high shell corrections of the ground state mass, derived from the measured α-decay energies. The experimental results show evidence for an island of purely shell stabilized nuclei in the region of deformed isotopes beyond the actinides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01411887
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Parity violation in the 17/2− isomer of93Tc (1990)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 336 (1990), S. 133-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 11.30.er ; 23.20.Js ; 29.75. + X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The parity-violating mixing of the 17/2− and 17/2+ levels in93Tc nuclei, polarized by the tilted multifoil interaction, was measured by the observation of the forwardbackwardγ-ray asymmetry. The asymmetry was determined to beA γ=1.18(48)×10−3. The nuclear polarization was determined in a measurement of the quadrupole interaction in a92Mo isomer and the parity violation matrix element 〈H PV〉 is found to be ¦〈H PV〉¦ =0.8(4) meV.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01290613
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The new isotopes258105,257105,254Lr and253Lr (1985)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 322 (1985), S. 557-566 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 23.60.+e ; 25.85. Ca ; 25.70. Jj ; 27.90.+b
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Evaporation residues from the heavy-ion fusion reaction50Ti on209Bi were investigated. They were separated from the projectile beam by the velocity filter SHIP and identified after implantation into an array of position-sensitive surface-barrier detectors by analyzing theirα-decay chains. Spontaneous fission was also observed. Four newα emitters,258105 (T1/2=4.4 −0.6 +0.9 s),257105 (T1/2= 1.4 −0.3 +0.6 s),254Lr (T 1/2= 13 −2 +3 s), and253Lr (T 1/2=1.3 −0.3 +0.6 s) could be identified. For the isotope257105 we obtained a spontaneous-fission branch of about 20%. A spontaneous-fission activity with a halflife comparable to that for theα decay of258105 was explained as fission of258104, formed by electron capture from258105. An excitation function for evaporation-residue production was measured for bombarding energies in the range ofE CM=184.4 MeV toE CM=196.6 MeV. Nearly all evaporation residues we observed, could be attributed to the 1n and 2n deexcitation channels. The maximum cross sections wereσ(1n)=c/2.9±0.3) nbarn, andσ(2n)=c/2.1±0.8) nbarn, respectively. We could measure the total kinetic energy of the fission fragments of258104 to be TKE=(220±15) MeV, a value that fits into empirical systematics based on aZ 2/A 1/3 dependence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01415134
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observation of the isotopes264108 and265108 (1987)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 328 (1987), S. 49-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 23.60.+ e ; 25.70.Jj ; 27.9.+b
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The experiment having led to the discovery of first isotopes of element 108, as published previously in Short Notes to this Journal [1, 2] are described and discussed in a final paper. Two isotopes of element 108 were produced by complete fusion of207Pb and208Pb, respectively, with58Fe. Both isotopes areα-emitters. For the isotope with mass 265 threeα-decay sequences were observed. Theα-decay energy is (10.36±0.03) MeV, the half-life (1.8 −0.7 +2.2 ) ms. For the isotope with mass 264, which is the heaviest doubly even isotope known at present, the decay sequence of one atom was found. The measured half-life is (76 −36 +364 ) μs. Our experimental results point towards an enhanced stability of the heaviest elements against spontaneous fission, which was already observed for element 106.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01295182
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