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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Synthesis of new fused heterocycles by annelation of thiopyrano[4′,3′:4,5]thieno[2,3-c]pyrimidines (1995)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 126 (1995), S. 953-959 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Schlagwort(e): Fused S,N-heterocycles ; Thieno[2,3-c]thiopyrans ; 1,5,6,8-Tetrahydro-2H-thiopyrano[4′,3′:4,5]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-ones ; Thiazolo[3,2-a]thiopyrano[4′,3′:4,5]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-ones ; 2H,6H,8H-Thiopyrano[4′',3′':4′,5′]thieno[2′,3′:4,5]pyrimido[2,1-b][1,3]thiazin-6-one
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Entsprechend substituierte Thieno[2,3-c]thiopyrane (2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 11) wurden in 1,5,6,8-Tetrahydro-2H-thiopyrano[4′,3′:4,5]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one (4, 7, 12) umgewandelt, welche als Schlüssel-Zwischenprodukte für Thiazol- und 1,3-Thiazin-Anellierungen zu den tetracyclischen Zielstrukturen7, 8, 9 und13 dienten; diese leiten sich von zwei neuen heterocyclischen Ringsystemen ab.
    Notizen: Summary Appropriately substituted thieno[2,3-c]thiopyrans (2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 11) were converted into 1,5,6,8-tetrahydro-2H-thiopyrano[4′,3′:4,5]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-ones (4, 7, 12). These in turn were used as key intermediates for annelations of thiazolo and 1,3-thiazino moieties to yield the tetracyclic target structures7, 8, 9, and13, derived from two novel heterocyclic ring systems.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00811015
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Photopolymerization of p-divinylbenzeneIRAQI Patent 1847, 1985 (1988)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition 26 (1988), S. 99-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6258
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1988.140260207
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Kinetics of aflatoxin biosynthesis by Aspergillus parasiticus in the presence of Nα-palmitoyl-L-lysyl-L-lysine-ethyl ester dihydrochloride or dichlorvos (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 25 (1983), S. 671-685 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Nα-Palmitoyl-L-lysyl-L-lysine-ethyl ester dihydrochloride (PLL) has antimicrobial properties and may be useful as a food preservative. This study was conducted to see if PLL can inhibit growth and synthesis of aflatoxin by Aspergillus parasiticus. Growth of mold and accumulation of aflatoxins were monitored for up to 15 days. To compare these data with those of a known inhibitor of aflatoxin synthesis, dichlorvos was added to media, and mold growth and aflatoxin accumulation were monitored. The kinetic model of Brown and Vass that correlates growth and formation of secondary metabolites was applied to results of this study, and values for maturation time (tm) and aflatoxin accumulation rate constant (α) were calculated. Values of tm decreased when cultures contained PLL, whereas presence of dichlorvos resulted in a considerable increase. The lag phase of mold growth increased in the presence of PLL. The values of α increased with an increasing amount (up to 300 ppm) of PLL in media. Higher concentrations of PLL decreased the value of α. All levels of dichlorvos tested decreased the value of α. The aflatoxin accumulation rate constant (α) as a function of concentration of additive (C) followed the general equation: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$\alpha = \frac{{\alpha _m C\exp (- {C \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {C {K_i }}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {K_i }})}}{{C + K_a }}$$\end{document} where αm, Ka, and Ki are constants.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260250305
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Kinetics of growth and accumulation of aflatoxin B1 by Aspergillus parasiticus in the presence of butylated hydroxyanisole, isoprothiolane, and nystatin (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 26 (1984), S. 6-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Growth of Aspergillus parasiticus and accumulation of aflatoxin B1 in the medium that contained antifungal agents were monitored during the growth cycle of the mold. The antifungal agents tested are the food additive (antioxidant), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), the pesticide, isoprothiolane, and the antibiotic, nystatin. Growth of the mold was quantified using a newly developed criterion, named the growth coefficient (GC). The GC values were calculated from the growth parameters of the logistic function that fits the growth curve of the mold. At the range of concentrations of additives studied, maxima of growth inhibition were 31.3, 23.1, and 43.6% at 60 ppm of BHA, 70 ppm of isoprothiolane, and 45 units of nystatin/mL, respectively. The ability of the mold to accumulate aflatoxin B1 in its medium [as measured by the accumulation rate constant (α)] In the presence of various levels of the antifungal agents was concentration-dependent. Sixty parts per million of BHA decreased the value of α by 71.7%, 30 units of nystatin/mL was the most effective concentration of that antibiotic and resulted in only 23.5% inhibition, and isoprothiolane at all its levels stimulated elaboration of aflatoxin B1 by the mold.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260260103
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Growth kinetics of Lactobacillus acidophilus under ohmic heating (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 49 (1996), S. 334-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): ohmic heating ; growth kinetics ; metabolic activity ; Lactobacillus acidophilus ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Lactobacillus acidophilus OSU133 was inoculated into MRS broth in a fermenter vessel and incubated at 30, 35, or 45°C with agitation. Incubation temperatures were attained by conventional or ohmic heating. An electrical current at low (15 V) or high (40 V) voltage was used to heat the culture directly during fermentations under ohmic heating. The growth parameters (lag period, minimum generation time, and maximum growth) and changes in pH were determined during fermentation. Metabolic activities (consumption of glucose and production of lactic acid and bacteriocin) were determined during fermentation at 35°C under both heating methods. Lag period for L. acidophilus was affected appreciably by the method of heating, but the magnitude of these changes depended on the fermentation temperature. When fermentation was done at 30°C, lag period decreased by 94% under low-voltage ohmic, compared with conventional, heating methods. Ohmic heating did not change the generation time significantly and caused slight, but significant (p 〈 0.01) decrease in maximum growth. Therefore, the electric current enhances the early stages, but it inhibits the late stages of growth. Ohmic, compared with conventional, heating resulted in higher final pH and lower bacteriocin activity in the fermented medium. However, ohmic heating at 35°C had minimal effect on glucose utilization and lactic acid production by L. acidophilus. Results show that measurement of the electric current when ohmic heating is done at a constant voltage may be used in monitoring such fermentations. In conclusion, ohmic heating is potentially useful in certain applications related to fermented foods. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A comparative investigation of the oxidation of silicon using H2/O2, TCA/O2 and HCl/O2 mixtures (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 2 (1993), S. 165-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): Thermal oxidation ; Kinetics ; Electrical properties ; Trichloroethane (TCA) ; Hydrogen chloride (HCl) ; Hydrogen/oxygen (H2/O2) ; VLSI ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: The oxidation of single-crystal silicon wafers has been investigated using an industrial thermal oxidation system. The growth characteristics and electrical properties of the oxides resulting from pure hydrogen/oxygen (H2/O2), trichloroethane/oxygen (TCA/O2) and hydrogen chlorid/oxygen (HCl/O2) mixtures have been investigated and compared. The addition of both HCl and TCA to oxygen produces higher growth rates and improved electrical characteristics. It is shown that the oxidation rate for TCA/O2 is approximately 30%-40% higher than for HCl/O2 and that comparable electrical properties can be readily obtained. A TCA/O2 ratio of 1 mol% gives the optimum process for VLSI applications, though 3 mol% HCl/O2 gives comparable results. It is suggested that the overall mechanisms governing the processes are similar. However, the TCA process is a safer and cleaner alternative because it generates HCl in situ in the oxidation chamber.
    Zusätzliches Material: 10 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/amo.860020403
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A comparative study of pulsed laser deposition and flash evaporation of Culn0.75Ga0.25Se2 thin films (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 4 (1994), S. 423-429 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): Pulsed laser deposition ; CIGS ; Flash evaporation ; Thin films ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: In this paper initial results are presented for the growth and characterisation of polycrystalline Culn0.75Ga0.25Se2 thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition and flash evaporation. Analogies are drawn between these two important deposition technologies. The deposited films were characterised using a veriety of analytical techniques, including energy-dispersive analysis of X-rays and Rutherford-backscattering spectroscopy for compositional evaluation, X-ray diffreaction and Raman spectroscopy for structural evaluation, scanning electron microscopy for surface examination and the four-point and hot-point probe techniques for electrical characterisation. The comparison of films produced by these two deposition methods revealed that, in terms of their stochiometry, electrical and physical characteristics, good-quality GIGS thin films could be produced by both techniques.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/amo.860040607
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Grafting of acrylonitrile onto different cellulose forms by the xanthate methodIn memoriam to Prof. Dr. A. E. El-Ashmawy (1985)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 129 (1985), S. 199-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Beim Pfropfen von Holz-Zellstoff und Regeneratfasern mit dem Xanthogenierungsverfahren ergaben sich Unterschiede in der Zugänglichkeit der beiden Cellulosearten. Das Pfropfen von nicht vollständig regenerierten Viskosefasern, die durch Änderung der Spinnbedingungen erhalten wurden, um den Schritt der partiellen Xanthogenierung zu ersetzen, verursachte eine stärkere Orientierung der Mantelschichten. Die Festigkeit dieser Fäden war im allgemeinen schlecht.
    Notizen: Wood pulp and regenerated cellulose (viscose fibres) were grafted by the xanthate method. In some cases, the regenerated cellulose was more accessible towards grafting than wood pulp. Grafting of incompletely regenerated viscose fibres which were obtained by changing the spinning conditions in order to spare the step of partial xanthation caused more orientation of the filaments. The mechanical properties of these filaments were in general poor.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1985.051290116
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Struktur-Aktivitätsbeziehungen von HydrierkatalysatorenHerrn Prof. Dr. habil. Siegfried Engels zum 60. Geburtstag gewidmet (1992)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 334 (1992), S. 105-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 0941-1216
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Structure / Activity Correlations of Hydrogenation CatalystsThe reason for different activities of group VIII metal catalysts in several hydrogenation reactions is unknown. The activity of group VIII metal catalysts decreases in the hydrogenation of crotonaldehyde to butyraldehyde in the following sequence Pd 〉 Pt 〉 Ni 〉 Rh 〉 Co; Ir. However in the hydrogenation of butyraldehyde to butanol the sequence of metals is inversely.The hydrogenations of crotonaldehyde and butyraldehyde proceed as ligand addition reactions. The reaction rate depends on the nucleophilicity of atomically chemisorbed hydrogen. Whereas the reaction rate in the hydrogenation of crotonaldehyde increases, the hydrogenation rate of butyraldehyde decreases with the nucleophilicity of atomically chemisorbed hydrogen.
    Zusätzliches Material: 13 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19923340202
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Synthesis of 2′,5′-Dideoxyuridine-5′-phosphonates (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1992 (1992), S. 127-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Schlagwort(e): Uridine-5′-phosphonates, 2′,5′-dideoxy- ; D-erythro-Pentofuranose-5-phosphonates, 2,5-dideoxy- ; Arbuzov reaction ; Human immunodeficiency virus ; Herpes simplex virus ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Methyl 2,5-dideoxy-5-iodo-3-O-pivaloyl-D-erythro-pentofur-anoside (5) was synthesized from 2-deoxy-D-ribose and treated with triethyl phosphite to give the phosphonate 6. Reaction of 6 with silylated 2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine 7 in the presence of trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate as catalyst afforded nucleoside phosphonates 8 and 9 which were deprotected with C2H5ONa in ethanol to give the diethyl 2′,5′-dideoxyuridine-5′-phosphonate 10 and its α-anomer 11. No activity was found for the nucleosides 8-11 against HIV or HSV-1.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jlac.199219920124
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