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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nicotine as a discriminative cue in rats: Inability of related drugs to produce a nicotine-like cueing effect (1972)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 27 (1972), S. 379-387 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Nicotine ; State-Dependent Behavior ; Lobeline ; Amphetamine ; Arecoline
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Rats were trained to enter one arm of a T-maze after the subcutaneous administration of 0.4 mg/kg and to enter the opposite arm following the injection of an equal volume of saline. Administration of 0.4 mg/kg nicotine isomethonium iodide hydroiodide, 0.4–10.0 mg/kg lobeline sulfate, 2.0 and 4.0 mg/kg d-amphetamine sulfate and 0.25–2.0 mg/kg arecoline hydrobromide produced responses which resembled the established saline effect. Pretreatment with 10.0 mg/kg lobeline had no significant effect on the nicotine-cued response. The inability of these structurally and/or functionally similar drugs to produce a nicotine-like discriminative effect is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00429392
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of cholinergic agonists and antagonists on morphine-withdrawal syndrome (1976)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 49 (1976), S. 191-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Pilocarpine ; Atropine ; Dexetimide ; Methylscopolamine ; Morphine addiction ; Narcotic withdrawal ; Aggression ; Wet shakes ; Diarrhea ; Dopamine ; Acetylcholine interaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of pilocarpine, atropine and dexetimide were studied on the occurrence and intensity of morphine-withdrawal signs observed after cessation of chronic morphine injections. Pilocarpine was effective in reducing both ‘wet-dog’ like body shakes and aggression but it increased diarrhea and weight loss. Pretreatment with atropine blocked all of the effects of pilocarpine on withdrawal signs. Methylscopolamine pretreatment blocked only diarrhea. The administration of atropine or dexetimide produced no significant effect on any of the withdrawal signs. These results indicate a role for central cholinergic mechanism in narcotic withdrawal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00427289
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased drug sensitivity in the drug discrimination procedure afforded by drug versus drug training (1990)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 102 (1990), S. 221-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Drug discrimination ; Norfenfluramine ; Amphetamine ; Pentobarbital ; Session-to-criterion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Rats were trained to discriminate norfenfluramine (NF) 1.4 mg/kg from its vehicle or amphetamine (AMPH) 0.8 mg/kg or pentobarbital (PB) 6.0 mg/kg in order to determine the role that drug combination training plays in the rate of learning and sensitivity to lower drug doses. The results suggest that drug versus drug training can increase the rate of drug discrimination learning for some drugs that are learned slowly when trained in a drug versus vehicle training procedure, whereas drug versus drug training does not increase the rate of learning for other drugs that are learned rapidly. Drug versus drug training does, however, appear to increase the level of stimulus control of the training drug for all drugs examined in this study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02245925
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dopaminergic mediation of the interoceptive cue produced by d-amphetamine in rats (1975)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 42 (1975), S. 185-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Amphetamine ; Dopamine ; Haloperidol ; State-Dependent Behavior ; Apomorphine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract After rats were trained to differentiate between the effects of d-amphetamine and saline in a state-dependent task, pretreatment with the tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor, α-methyl-p-tyrosine, significantly decreased amphetamine discrimination. Pretreatment with the dopamine-Β-hydroxylase inhibitor, disulfiram, or with the tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor, p-chloro-phenylalanine, was observed to have no effect on the rats' ability to discriminate d-amphetamine. Administration of haloperidol, a selective dopamine receptor blocker, completely abolished the amphetamine discrimination, whereas α- and Β-adrenergic receptor blockade had no effect. Apomorphine, a dopamine receptor stimulant, produced amphetamine-like responses and this was, likewise, abolished by pretreatment with haloperidol. These data suggest that dopaminergic systems mediate the interoceptive cue produced by d-amphetamine in rats, and these results are discussed in relation to possible dopamine mediation of amphetamine psychosis and paranoid schizophrenia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00429551
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rats become acutely tolerant to cathine after amphetamine or cathinone administration (1990)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 101 (1990), S. 126-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Cathinone ; Amphetamine ; Cathine ; Drug discrimination ; Dopamine ; CGS 10746B
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The drug discrimination paradigm was used to evaluate in rats the ability of the discriminate response to either 0.8 mg/kgd-amphetamine or 0.8 mg/kgl-cathinone to generalize to 2.4–6.0 mg/kg of the active cathinone metabolited-norpseudoephedrine, also known as cathine. When tested 24 h after vehicle administration, cathine generalized in a dose-related fashion in rats (n=6) trained with cathinone (ED50=3.03 mg/kg) and in rats (n=8) trained with amphetamine (ED50=2.93 mg/kg). In contrast, when cathine was tested 24 h after the administration of either amphetamine or cathinone, it produced significantly decreased discriminative performance. The possibility that this acute tolerance may have been produced by release, and subsequent depletion, of brain dopamine was tested by pretreating rats with the dopamine release inhibitor CGS 10746B. When CGS 10746B was administered prior to cathinone it significantly decreased cathinone discrimination. In addition, acute tolerance to cathine at 24 h after vehicle-cathinone co-administration was reversed when cathine was tested 24 h after CGS 10746B-cathinone co-administration. The results suggest that cathinone-produced discriminative stimulus, as well as the acute tolerance to cathine, may be dopaminergically mediated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02253729
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Paradoxical absence of aggression during naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal (1975)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 43 (1975), S. 43-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Aggression ; Morphine ; Naloxone ; Apomorphine ; Amphetamine ; Narcotic Withdrawal
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Aggression, which is normally seen during withdrawal from narcotics, could not be produced in morphine-dependent rats by the administration of naloxone at doses which cause other signs of withdrawal. Apomorphine injected instead of naloxone was capable of producing aggression, without other withdrawal signs. Naturally occurring aggression (72-hr withdrawal) was enhanced by apomorphine and unaffected by naloxone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00437613
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetic study of the reaction of IO with CH3SCH3 (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 19 (1987), S. 503-512 
    Details
    ISSN: 0538-8066
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reaction IO + CH3SCH3 → products (3) was studied at room temperature and near 1 Torr pressure of He, using the discharge flow mass spectrometric technique. The rate constant was found to be k3 = (1.5 ± 0.5) × 10-11 cm3 molecule-1 s-1. CH3S(O)CH3 was detected as a product suggesting the following channel: IO + CH3SCH3 → CH3S(O)CH3 + I. The rate constant of the reaction IO + IO → products (1) was also measured: k1 = (3 ± 0.5) × 10-11 at 298 K and 1 Torr pressure. The atmospheric implication of reaction (3) is discussed. The results indicate that this reaction could be a potential important sink of CH3SCH3 in marine atmosphere.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kin.550190603
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics and mechanism for the reactions of H atoms with CH3SH and C2H5SH (1988)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 20 (1988), S. 897-907 
    Details
    ISSN: 0538-8066
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A kinetic study of the reactions of H atoms with CH3SH and C2H5SH has been carried out at 298 K by the discharge flow technique with EPR and mass spectrometric analysis of the species. The pressure was 1 torr. It was found: k1 = (2.20 ± 0.20) × 10-12 for the reaction H + CH3SH (1) and k2 = (2.40 ± 0.16) × 10-12 for the reaction H + C2H5SH (2). Units are cm3 molecule-1 s-1. A mass spectrometric analysis of the reaction products and a computer simulation of the reacting systems have shown that reaction (1) proceeds through two mechanisms leading to the formation of CH3S + H2 (1a) and CH3 + H2S (1b).
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kin.550201108
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetic study for the reactions of OH radicals with dimethylsulfide, diethylsulfide, tetrahydrothiophene, and thiophene (1985)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 17 (1985), S. 1247-1261 
    Details
    ISSN: 0538-8066
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reactions of OH radicals with dimethylsulfide (DMS) diethylsulfide (DES), tetrahydrothiophene (THT), and thiophene have been studied at room temperature for DES and THT, at 273, 293, and 318 K for DMS, and at 293 and 318 K for thiophene by the discharge flow EPR technique in a halocarbon wax coated reactor. The following rate constants were obtained at room temperature. For the reaction OH + DMS (1), a very low temperature dependence was noticed.Some additional results concerning the mass spectrometric analysis of the products are also reported.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kin.550171202
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