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  • Plasma  (2)
  • Arteether  (1)
  • Biliary tract, obstruction  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    D-Amino acids in chronic renal failure and the effects of dialysis and urinary losses (1994)
    Springer
    Amino acids 6 (1994), S. 283-293 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-2199
    Keywords: Amino acids ; Chronic renal failure ; Plasma ; Urine ; D-amino acids ; CAPD ; D-Tyrosine ; D-Phenylalanine ; Haemodialysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Total D-amino acids were measured in plasma for 20 non-dialysed patients (creatinine clearance 〈 12 ml/minute), 20 on CAPD, 20 on haemodialysis and 20 normals. Plasma D-tyrosine and D-phenylalanine were measured in 8 of each group by HPLC. Total D-amino acids, D-tyrosine and D-phenylalanine were significantly greater for patients than normals. D-amino acids and D-tyrosine correlated with creatinine and were decreased during HD. During dialysis, the mean losses for D-tyrosine and D-phenylalanine were similar, about 0.2 mg/CAPD exchange and 3 mg/4 hour haemodialysis (i.e. 2% of the total amino acid, as in plasma). Clearance was unaffected by stereochemical configuration. Urinary losses/24 hour in the non-dialysed patients were 0.35 mg D-tyrosine and 0.25 mg D-phenylalanine. Clearance for D-phenylalanine was greater than for the L-enantiomer. Increases in D-amino acids in renal failure are probably due to depletion of D-amino acid oxidase, but may be enhanced by a D-amino acid rich diet, peptide antibiotics and D-amino acid oxidase inhibiting drugs and metabolites. Possible toxic effects need further investigation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00813748
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Arteether-induced brain injury in Macaca mulatta. I. The precerebellar nuclei: the lateral reticular nuclei, paramedian reticular nuclei, and perihypoglossal nuclei (2000)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 201 (2000), S. 383-397 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Key words Lateral reticular nuclei ; Paramedian reticular nuclei ; Perihypoglossal nuclei ; Malaria ; Arteether ; Artemisinin ; Neurotoxicity ; Rhesus monkey ; Antimalarial drugs ; Cerebral malaria ; Macaca mulatta ; Plasmodium falciparum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Malaria poses a threat across several continents: Eurasia (Asia and parts of Eastern Europe), Africa, Central and South America. Bradley (1991) estimates human exposure at 2,073,000,000 with infection rates at 270,000,000, illnesses at 110,000,000, and deaths at 1,000,000. Significant mortality rates are attributed to infection by the parasite Plasmodium falciparum, with an estimated 90% among African children. A worldwide effort is ongoing to chemically and pharmacologically characterize a class of artemisinin compounds that might be promising antimalarial drugs. The U.S. Army is studying the efficacy and toxicity of several artemisinin semi-synthetic compounds: arteether, artemether, artelinic acid, and artesunate. The World Health Organization and the U.S. Army selected arteether for drug development and possible use in the emergency therapy of acute, severe malaria. Male Rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) were administered different daily doses of arteether, or the vehicle alone (sesame oil), for a period of either 14 days, or 7 days. Neuropathological lesions were found in 14-day arteether treated monkeys in the precerebellar nuclei of the medulla oblongata, namely: (1) the lateral reticular nuclei (subnuclei magnocellularis, parvicellularis, and subtrigeminalis), (2) the paramedian reticular nuclei (subnuclei accessorius, dorsalis, and ventralis), and the perihypoglossal nuclei (n. intercalatus of Staderini, n. of Roller, and n. prepositus hypoglossi). The data demonstrate that the simian medullary precerebellar nuclei have a high degree of vulnerability when arteether is given for 14 days at dose levels between 8 mg/kg per day and 24 mg/kg per day. The neurological consequences of this treatment regimen could profoundly impair posture, gait, and autonomic regulation, while eye movement disorders might also be anticipated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004290050326
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma lactoferrin in patients with neutropenia (1986)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 52 (1986), S. 289-295 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Lactoglobulins ; Neutrophils ; Plasma ; Radioimmunoassay
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This study examines the role of plasma lactoferrin in the assessment of neutropenia. In particular, we have studied lactoferrin as an inhibitor of granulopoiesis and as an indicator of the size of the total blood granulocyte pool (TBGP). Plasma lactoferrin concentration was determined in a heterogeneous group of 30 patients with neutropenia. Serial plasma lactoferrin levels in a patient with cyclic neutropenia correlated with the cycles of the neutrophil count. Patients with splenomegaly had a grossly elevated lactoferrin: neutrophil ratio. Most chronic idiopathic neutropenia patients had no real clinical problems and a normal plasma lactoferrin level. The results provide further evidence to support the concept that plasma lactoferrin indicates the size of the TBGP and the lactoferrin: neutrophil ratio indicates the degree of granulocyte margination. There was no evidence to suggest that lactoferrin acting as a feedback inhibitor of granulopoiesis caused neutropenia in these patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00320792
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Therapeutic ERCP: Spectrum of procedures performed in 60 consecutive patients (1994)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 19 (1994), S. 30-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Biliary tract, obstruction ; Gallstone, diagnosis ; ERCP, interventional techniques
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Therapeutic applications of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) have increased dramatically, and endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES) is the cornerstone of these techniques. Indications include treatment of retained biliary duct stones, papillary stenosis, benign and malignant strictures, and acute cholangitis and pancreatitis. We reviewed our recent experience to assess the spectrum of procedures done and their results. Medical records and radiographic examinations in 60 consecutive patients undergoing therapeutic ERCP were studied. Patients were placed into one of three treatment groups; Group 1, ES alone (N=21); Group 2, ES plus stone retrieval (N=15); and Group 3, ES plus stent placement (N=24). In Group 1, all of eight patients with ductal stones had spontaneous passage. In 11 patients with papillary stenosis, nine had relief of symptoms following ES. Two patients with pancreatitis improved after ES. In Group 2, all 15 patients with ductal stones had successful retrieval. In Group 3, patients were treated for biliary stricture alone (4), retained stones (7), pancreatitis (5), neoplasms (6) and papillary stenosis (2). In these 24 patient, 21 (88%) were treated successfully or had palliation of their symptoms. In our series, a wide variety of therapeutic applications of ERCP was used to manage simple and complex biliary disease. ES alone or in combination with other techniques was done in all patients. Overall, 55 (92%) of 60 interventional procedures were successful as defined by removal of stones and relief or palliation of symptoms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02165857
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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