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  • 1
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Schlagwort(e): Key words: Bronchogenic carcinoma ; Residual disease ; Bronchial resection margin ; Prognosis. ; Schlüsselwörter: Bronchialcarcinom ; Residualtumor ; Bronchusresektionsrand ; Prognose.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung. Nach Lungenresektion und ipsilateraler Lymphknotendissektion wegen Bronchialcarcinoms verblieb in 88 von 2464 Fällen (3,6 %) mikroskopisch Residualtumor (R1) am zentralen Bronchusresektionsrand. Sieben Patienten entwickelten eine Insuffizienz der Bronchusnaht, 2 weitere eine Nachblutung bzw. eine Herzluxation (Morbidität 8,0 %). Die Hospitalletalität betrug 16,6 %. Todesursachen waren Bronchusnahtinsuffizienz (n = 7), Arrosionsblutung (n = 4), respiratorische Insuffizienz (n = 1) und Pleuraempyem (n = 1). Eine postoperative Bestrahlung wurde bei 43 Patienten durchgeführt. Die mediane Überlebenszeit aller Patienten nach R1-Resektion war 16 Monate gegenüber 37 Monaten nach R0-Resektion (p 〈 0,001). Die Überlebenszeit war unabhängig von Tumorstadium und -histologie, Lokalisation des Residualtumors in der Bronchuswand und einer Nachbestrahlung. Inkomplette Resektionen sind durch intraoperativen Schnellschnitt zu verifizieren. Sofern funktionell vertretbar, sollte in den Stadien I und II eine Nachresektion (R0) angestrebt werden; auch in den Stadien III a und III b ist bei R0-Resektion ein statistisch signifikanter Überlebensvorteil gegenüber R1-Resektion zu verzeichnen, jedoch weniger deutlich als in niedrigeren Stadien.
    Notizen: Summary. Residual tumor (R1) was proven at the proximal bronchial resection margin in 88 (3.6 %) of 2464 cases of lung cancer following lung resection and standard lymph node dissection. Postoperative complications (8 %) were: fistula of the bronchial suture line (n = 7), bleeding (n = 2) and heart luxation (n = 1). The in-hospital mortality was 16.6 %. Causes of death were: bronchial fistula (n = 7), erosion of the pulmonary artery (n = 4), respiratory failure (n = 1), and empyema (n = 1). Forty-three patients received postoperative radiation therapy. Median survival of all patients following incomplete resection was 16 months, compared to 37 months following complete resection (P 〈 0.001). Length of survival was independent of tumor stage, histology, site of infiltration and postoperative radiation. In conclusion, in resection for lung cancer clear margins should be verified by intraoperative frozen section. In the case of residual tumor at the bronchial resection margin, wider resection is mandatory in stage I and II if the patient meets the functional criteria. Even in stage III a and III b prognosis is significantly better after complete resection than R1-resection; the difference, however, is smaller than in lower stages.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 81 (1998), S. 1429-1438 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: α-Bromination of 9-acetoxy rubanone 2 and subsequent reaction with secondary amines gave bicyclic α-amino ketones as a kinetic product and a 4-oxa-1-azatwistan-2-one 6 under thermodynamic conditions. This two-step procedure represents a concise 1,2-carbonyl transposition and provides a short route to lactam alkaloids.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0941-1216
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 339 (1997), S. 390-393 
    ISSN: 0941-1216
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0947-6539
    Schlagwort(e): chemoselectivity ; cinchona alkaloids ; clathrates ; osmium tetroxide ; spiro compounds ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Hydrobromination of quinidine (1) with fuming HBr furnished diastereomeric secondary bromides 2a and 2b in 82% yield. After acetylation the resulting bromides 2a-Ac and 2b-Ac could be separated na dconverted stereospecifically into ethylidene rubanes Z)-4 and (E)-4, respectively. cis-Dihydroxylation of (Z)-olefin 4 with OsO4 was shown to be feasible by two catalytic variants, giving the two diastereomeric diols 5a and 5b, separable by chromatography. A simple onepot procedure was developed for converting the sterically hindered 1,2-secondary, tertiary diols stereospecifically into spiroepoxides (5a 6a-Ac; 5b 6b-Ac). Our procedure involves overall inversion of configuration. The procedure complements the Kolb-Sharpless route to epoxides from 1,2-disecondary diols with overall retention of configuration. The other two diastereomeric spiroepoxides 6c and 6d were prepared in one pot under different conditions (chloramine T, then alkali). Two unprecedented tricyclic allylic N,O-acetals (Z)-7 and (E)-7 were also obtained. The structure of spiroepoxide 6c (as a CH2Cl2 monosolvate) and of tricyclic olefinic N,O-acetal (E)-7 was corroborated by X-ray crystallography.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0947-6539
    Schlagwort(e): chemotaxonomy ; diterpene metabolites ; dolabellanes ; marine natural products ; oxetanes ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: 6,8-Dimethyl-2,7-dioxatricyclo[4.2.13,8]nonan-4β-ol (9aβ) has been prepared from readily accessible starting materials in eight steps (14% overall yield). The parent dioxatricyclic framework 11 was obtained from 1,5-dimethyl-8-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-en-6α-ol (7) in six steps (28% yield with respect to 7). Based on the experimental introduction of the oxetane moiety in vitro, a biosynthetic pathway is proposed for dictyoxetane (1) from a known dolabellane metabolite.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1999 (1999), S. 2991-2995 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Schlagwort(e): Polyketide ; Macrocyclic lactone ; Stereoselective carbonyl olefination ; Marine natural products ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The C1-C16-segment of lasonolide A has been prepared stereoselectively in high chemical and optical yield starting from 2α-methyl-8-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-6-en-3-one (rac -1).
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemistry - A European Journal 2 (1996), S. 680-684 
    ISSN: 0947-6539
    Schlagwort(e): amino alcohols ; asymmetric syntheses ; dihydroxylations ; diol cleavage Horner-Wittig reaction ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Spiroepoxide 1 was prepared from quinidine and converted into β-amino alcohol 3 (86% over two steps). Dihydroxylation of enantiopure oxazatricylic olefin (E)-4 provided diastereomeric diols 5a and 5b. Stereospecific conversion of 1,2-secondary, tertiary diol 5b into tetracyclic spiroepoxide 6 was accomplished in high yield by a one-pot tosylation-cyclization procedure. 1,2-Diol cleavage with NaIO4 in 80% acetic acid afforded the new tricyclic dehydrorubanone 7, containing the 4-oxa-7-azatricyclo[4.3.1.03,7]-decan-2-one core structure. Similarly, acetylated rubanone 9 was prepared on a 20 g scale. Reduction with NaBH4 in the presence of CeCl3 provided rubanols 10a and 10b (1:1.1). Horner-Wittig reaction of 9 with diethyl cyanomethylphosphonate was (Z)-selective, furnishing unsaturated nitrile (Z)-13. Conversion into the α,β-unsaturated aldehyde (Z)-14 and reduction afforded enartiopure allylic alcohol (Z)-12, which is a new isomer of the key quinidine metabolite 15.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0947-3440
    Schlagwort(e): Hydroxy lactone, 5-membered, (lactol) tautomer ; 4-Oxocarboxylic acids ; Keto-cyclol tautomerism ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: (2-Oxocyclohexyl)acetic acid 10 was converted into bicyclic alkoxy γ-lactones 12a-d via intermediate chloro lactone 11 and alkanolysis. Similarly, lactones 15a, b and 18 were prepared. In contrast, simple ring-chain tautomerism directly afforded the title heterocycle 28, a crystalline, stable and well-defined compound. The angular methyl group seems essential for the spontaneous lactonization. 5,5-Dialkoxy-4-oxocarboxylic acids 26a, b without an angular methyl group did not cyclize to bicyclic hydroxy γ-lactones.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 339 (1997), S. 517-524 
    ISSN: 0941-1216
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: N-Methoxy-N-methylamides (Weinreb amides) have facililated access to functionalized aldehydes and ketones in organic synthesis, including the total synthesis of complex natural products.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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