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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Adriamycin ; Lungentumoren ; in vivo- in vitro Korrelation ; Adriamycin ; Lung carcinoma ; In vivo-in vitro correlation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The effect of 1.38×10−5 M adriamycin on tritiated uridine incorporation was studied after 3 hours treatment of suspensions of 25 advanced human lung carcinomas in vitro. The results were correlated with the responses to clinical therapy. All tumours which showed an inhibition of uridine incorporation in vitro of more than 40% were also sensitive to clinical treatment with adriamycin.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wurde die Wirkung von 1,38×10−5 molar Adriamycin auf den 3H-Uridineinbau an Zellsuspensionen von 25 menschlichen Lungentumoren untersucht und mit dem Therapie-Erfolg in der Klinik in Beziehung gesetzt. Alle Tumoren mit einer Uridineinbauhemmung in vitro von mehr als 40% waren auch in der Klinik auf eine Behandlung mit Adriamycin sensibel.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 64 (1986), S. 44-48 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Lung damage ; Dioxin ; Agent Orange
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Clinical history and wedge biopsy specimen findings of a Vietnam veteran suffering from progressive severe tissue damage of lung are presented. The patient served as a soldier in defoliated areas for 2 years and developed severe chest pain and dyspnoea with chronic postnasal dripping, maxillary sinusitis and allergic asthmoid bronchitis with pronounced obstructions and eosinophilia. Recurrent onsets of symptoms over a period of 10 years led to wedge biopsies of the left upper lobe, right lower lobe and mediastinal lymph node. Histology is consistent with chronic, slightly progressive diffuse alveolar damage including moderate interstitial fibrosis. Total destruction of mediastinal lymph node with deposits of amorphous material and foreign body giant cells were noted. Histology findings and clinical course favor hypersensitivity reaction of lung and congestion of exogeneous material probably related to exposure to herbicides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Hypercalcemia of malignancy ; Parathyroid hormone-related protein ; Serum calcium ; Parathyroid hormones ; Immunoassay
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Overproduction of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) is a major cause of hypercalcemia of malignancy in patients with solid tumors. We measured plasma levels of the protein by a radioimmunoassay (RIA) against PTHrP(5384) and by an immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) against PTHrP(1–86). Of 16 affected patients 7 had elevated PTHrP levels in both assays and 4 had elevated levels in the RIA only. Median levels were about tenfold higher in these patients when measured by RIA (median of 34 versus 2.2 pmol/1). Measurements from both assays were, however, highly correlated with each other in this patient group (P〈0.01). PTHrP was not elevated in 10 normocalcemic patients with lung carcinoma. During long-term follow-up of a patient with a mesothelioma of the pleura, PTHrP levels measured with both assays decreased during chemotherapy in parallel with a normalization of serum calcium. In another hypercalcemic patient suffering from renal carcinoma, PTHrP measured by IRMA decreased by 40% within 12 h after nephrectomy, whereas PTHrP measured by RIA did not show a significant decline. Direct comparison of the assay results thus pointed to the existence of heterogeneity of circulating forms of PTHrP in plasma. In conclusion, both immunoassays detected elevated levels of PTHrP in a fraction of patients with hypercalcemia of malignancy and thus may be a tumor marker during treatment of malignancies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 149 (1990), S. 862-865 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Childhood ; Adolescence ; Lung metastases ; Thoracic surgery ; Pulmonary function
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Pulmonary function was evaluated before and after 15 operations for resection of pulmonary metastases from osteogenic sarcoma. In the whole study group (ten patients, aged 13–18 years) preoperative vital capacity (VC) ranged from 62% to 122% (mean 83%) of predicted normal values for height. The operations were performed via median sternotomy. One-28 metastases were removed per session. Six months after the operations VC averaged nearly 95% of the preoperative values. Signs of bronchial obstruction or persistent pulmonary hyperinflation were only present in one patient with repeated operations. We conclude that resection of pulmonary metastases with limited loss of parenchyma leads to an almost complete recovery of preoperative pulmonary function parameters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Mediastinal lymph node dissection ; Bronchial carcinoma ; Pattern of lymphatic metastatic spread ; Lymph node skipping ; Will Rogers phenomenon.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Unabhängig von der Lokalisation des Bronchialcarcinoms kann der lymphogene Metastasierungsweg jedes beliebige Compartment im Mediastinum erreichen. Die topographischen Lymphknotenstationen können in nicht kalkulierbarem Ausmaßübersprungen werden. Die Anzahl der Lymphknoten auf den einzelnen Stationen schwankt außerordentlich. Die systematische mediastinale Lymphknotendissektion umfaßt daher alle ipsilateralen Compartmente des Mediastinums und wird auch auf die kontralaterale Thoraxhälfte ausgedehnt. Mit der Mobilisierung des Aortenbogens und der großen Gefäße läßt sich die Dissektion von links genauso systematisch vornehmen wie von rechts. Die operative Technik wird dargestellt. Die perioperativen Komplikationen und Risiken erhöhen sich nicht. Die systematische Lymphknotendissektion ist der Goldstandard zur Ermittlung der pN-Kategorie. Das stadienabhängige Überleben kann durch systematische Lymphknotendissektion signifikant verbessert werden. Damit ist die systematische mediastinale Lymphknotendissektion als Standard derzeit bei der chirurgischen Therapie des Bronchialcarcinoms zu fordern.
    Abstract: Schlüsselwörter: Mediastinale Lymphknotendissektion – Bronchialcarcinom – lymphatische Metastasierungsmuster –übersprungene Lymphknotenstationen – Will-Rogers-Phänomen.
    Notes: Summary. Lymphatic spread of bronchial carcinoma can reach any part of the mediastinum, irrespective of the localisation of the primary tumor. Metastatic spread may not affect al topographical lymph node positions, but this is unpredictable. The number of lymph nodes in each position varies. Therefore, systematic mediastinal lymph node dissection includes all ipsilateral compartments of the mediastinum. It is also possible to reach contralateral sites. In right-sided thoracotomies the lymph node dissection is standardized. Mobilizing the aortic arch and the large vessels also allows complete mediastinal dissection by a left-sided approach. The surgical technique is described. Perioperative morbidity does not increase. Systematic mediastinal lymph node dissection is the gold standard for evaluation of an exact pN stage. The stage-related survival rate is significantly improved. Therefore, it should be required that systematic mediastinal lymph node dissection be standard in the surgical treatment of bronchial carcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Bronchogenic carcinoma ; Residual disease ; Bronchial resection margin ; Prognosis. ; Schlüsselwörter: Bronchialcarcinom ; Residualtumor ; Bronchusresektionsrand ; Prognose.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Nach Lungenresektion und ipsilateraler Lymphknotendissektion wegen Bronchialcarcinoms verblieb in 88 von 2464 Fällen (3,6 %) mikroskopisch Residualtumor (R1) am zentralen Bronchusresektionsrand. Sieben Patienten entwickelten eine Insuffizienz der Bronchusnaht, 2 weitere eine Nachblutung bzw. eine Herzluxation (Morbidität 8,0 %). Die Hospitalletalität betrug 16,6 %. Todesursachen waren Bronchusnahtinsuffizienz (n = 7), Arrosionsblutung (n = 4), respiratorische Insuffizienz (n = 1) und Pleuraempyem (n = 1). Eine postoperative Bestrahlung wurde bei 43 Patienten durchgeführt. Die mediane Überlebenszeit aller Patienten nach R1-Resektion war 16 Monate gegenüber 37 Monaten nach R0-Resektion (p 〈 0,001). Die Überlebenszeit war unabhängig von Tumorstadium und -histologie, Lokalisation des Residualtumors in der Bronchuswand und einer Nachbestrahlung. Inkomplette Resektionen sind durch intraoperativen Schnellschnitt zu verifizieren. Sofern funktionell vertretbar, sollte in den Stadien I und II eine Nachresektion (R0) angestrebt werden; auch in den Stadien III a und III b ist bei R0-Resektion ein statistisch signifikanter Überlebensvorteil gegenüber R1-Resektion zu verzeichnen, jedoch weniger deutlich als in niedrigeren Stadien.
    Notes: Summary. Residual tumor (R1) was proven at the proximal bronchial resection margin in 88 (3.6 %) of 2464 cases of lung cancer following lung resection and standard lymph node dissection. Postoperative complications (8 %) were: fistula of the bronchial suture line (n = 7), bleeding (n = 2) and heart luxation (n = 1). The in-hospital mortality was 16.6 %. Causes of death were: bronchial fistula (n = 7), erosion of the pulmonary artery (n = 4), respiratory failure (n = 1), and empyema (n = 1). Forty-three patients received postoperative radiation therapy. Median survival of all patients following incomplete resection was 16 months, compared to 37 months following complete resection (P 〈 0.001). Length of survival was independent of tumor stage, histology, site of infiltration and postoperative radiation. In conclusion, in resection for lung cancer clear margins should be verified by intraoperative frozen section. In the case of residual tumor at the bronchial resection margin, wider resection is mandatory in stage I and II if the patient meets the functional criteria. Even in stage III a and III b prognosis is significantly better after complete resection than R1-resection; the difference, however, is smaller than in lower stages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgery today 12 (1982), S. 311-320 
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: bronchial carcinoma ; bronchoplastic resection ; angioplastic resection ; sleeve resection ; operative technique
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The tissue preserving resections for non-small-cell bronchial carcinoma can be grouped into three main categories: I. bronchoplastic procedures, II. angioplastic procedures, and III. concomitant broncho- and angioplastic procedures, and into the subgroups, standard and extended sleeve resection. The indications are; elderly patients, impaired respiratory reserve, limited tumour growth, and palliative surgery. The analysis of 229 cases yielded follow-up data in 192. The estimated 5 years survival rate was 34 per cent, 19 per cent and 14 per cent in categories I, II and III, respectively. The decrease in survival was due to a greater tumour burden. The operative mortality rate was 8.9 per cent in category I and 17 per cent in category III, such being comparable with standard or extended pneumonectomy, respectively. Surgical techniques and postoperative complications are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 337 (1974), S. 463-468 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Multiple-Choice Questions ; Multiple-Choice Examination ; Statistical Analysis of Multiple-Choice Questions ; Multiple-Choice-Questions ; Erfolgskontrolle ; Prüfungsfehler ; Prüfungsgrenzen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Neufassung der Approbationsordnung sieht eine schriftliche Abschlußprüfung vor, die nach dem MCQ durchgeführt werden wird. Vorzüge, Nachteile und Grenzen dieser „Erfolgskontrolle” werden dargelegt. Die hiermit in Zusammenhang stehenden Aufgaben sind gesetzlich geregelt und lassen für den Kliniker zwei Schwerpunkte erkennen: Die Erstellung eines Fragenkataloges und die Ausarbeitung von Prüfungsfragen. Bei der Ausarbeitung von Prüfungsfragen gilt es, Fehlerquellen bei der Frageerstellung zu suchen und zu korrigieren. Möglichkeiten hierzu werden aufgezeigt. insbesondere um in der Übergangszeit sich mit den kommenden Problemen vertraut zu machen. Es wurden Fehlerquellen anhand statistischer Berechnungen aufgezeigt.
    Notes: Summary The governmental examination for doctors of medicine has recently been reorganized and now includes a written examination with multiple-choice questions. The advantage and disadvantages of this method are discussed. The details of tasks for the clinician are determined by the government and can be divided into two groups: (1) A catalogue of subjects to be tested has to be submitted, and (2) a list of suitable questions has to be worked out. As far as the questions are concerned, mistakes in questioning have to be eliminated. Various possible ways of avoiding such mistakes are discussed mainly for the initial period. Sources of error are indicated with the aid of statistical analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 328 (1970), S. 42-49 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Leiomyomatosis of the oesophagus ; Replacement of oesophagus by colon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird über eine diffuse Leiomyomatose des thorakalen Oesophagus und des Kardia-Fundusbereichs bei einem 34jährigen Patienten berichtet, die eine Totalentfernung des thorakalen Oesophagus unter gleichzeitiger Fundektomie und in zweiter Sitzung eine retrosternale Colonplastik notwendig machte. Eine Nachuntersuchung nach 2 Jahren zeigte den Patienten in arbeitsfähigem Zustand. In der Weltliteratur sind bisher nur 11 Fälle einer diffusen Leiomyomatose bekanntgeworden, zu denen der mitgeteilte Patient als 12. Fall hinzukommt. Bemerkenswert erscheint hierbei die Mitbeteiligung des Kardia- und Fundusbereiches und die akute Symptomatologie einer schweren gastrointestinalen Blutung ohne dysphagische Beschwerden.
    Notes: Summary Report on a 34year old male patient with diffuse leiomyomatosis of the thoracic oesophagus and the cardia and fundus of the stomach. Treatment consisted of total exstirpation of the thoracic oesophagus and fundus of the stomach. In a second seβion retrosternal interposition of the colon was performed. Follow-up examination 2 years later showed the patient to be well and working. Only 11 cases of diffuse leiomyomatosis have been published in the world literature so far. This is the 12th case, which is remarkable for involvement of the cardia and fundus and for the acute symptomatology of severe gastrointestinal haemorrhage without any dysphagia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 332 (1972), S. 745-750 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Anhand der Erfahrung einer Großklinik, Chirurgisches Zentrum der Universität Heidelberg, werden die Weiterbildungsmöglichkeiten den Anforderungen im Rahmen der neuen Weiterbildungsordnung (für Baden-Württem berg vom 5. 3.1970) gegenüber gestellt. Der formale Ausbildungsgang wird in 3 Abschnitte gegliedert: 1. Theoretische Unterweisung: Struktur der Klinik/Abteilung, Organisationsformen und Organisationsmittel. 2. Praktischer Teil: Visiten, Fallvorstellungen und Begutachtung, Konferenzen, Assistenten-Rotating und das Operationstraining. Dieses wird aufgegliedert in prä- und postoperative Therapie einschließlich Intensivpflege. Im eigentlichen Operationsablauf werden die Unterschiede und die Anforderungen im Rahmen der Assistenzen, der assistierten Lehroperation und der Operation in Eigenverantwortung gegenüber gestellt. 3. Unterricht/Vorträge/Literaturstudium und Anleitungsmöglichkeiten hierzu. Anhand der ermittelten Daten der allein von dem Assistenten durchgeführten Operationen zeigt sich ein gewisser Engpaß bei den größeren Operationen der Bauchhöhle (Gruppe 5/II der neuen Weiterbildungsordnung für Baden-Württemberg). Ein Operationskatalog für die Gesamtauflistungen der Operationen einer Abteilung wird vorgestellt.
    Notes: Summary Based on the experience of a big Medical Center (Department of Surgery, Univ. of Heidelberg) the present facilities of medical education are compared with the goals of the official training program (Baden Württemberg-Training Program dated March 3, 1970). The training program consists of 3 main parts: 1. Theoretical education i.e. structure of the Medical Center or Department and various ways and methods of organization. 2. Practical training: big rounds, case-presentations, courses in differential diagnosis, clinical conferences, rotating schedule for interns and residents and the operative training. This practical part is divided into pre- and postoperative therapy and includes intensive care. Concerning the operations it has to be distinguished between assistance or assistance in teaching operations and operations performed in own responsability. 3. Teaching program: lectures and studies of literature as well as instructions for those studies. A review of operative lists performed by the residents leads to the conclusion that there is a certain gap as far as the number of requested major abdominal operations is concerned. An example of an operative catalogue which contains all operations performed in a Department is presented.
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