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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Volume depletion ; Renovascular hypertension ; Renin-angiotensin-system ; Blood pressure ; Prostaglandins ; Extrazelluläre Volumenrestriktion ; Renovasculäre Hypertonie ; Renin-Angiotensin-System ; Blutdruck ; Prostaglandine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei normotensiven und renal hypertensiven Ratten, die kochsalzarm oder kochsalznormal ernährt wurden, wurde der Effekt des Cyclooxygenasehemmers Indomethacin (3,4 mg/kg/24 h) auf den systolischen Blutdruck und die Plasma-Renin-Aktivität untersucht. Indometacin reduzierte die Plasma-Renin-Aktivität in kochsalzarm und kochsalznormal ernährten, normotensiven und hypertensiven Tieren. Darüberhinaus erniedrigte Indomethacin den systolischen Blutdruck in salz-arm ernährten Ratten, erhöhte jedoch den Blutdruck in salz-normal ernährten Tieren. Diese Befunde lassen vermuten, daß der Effekt von Indomethacin auf den Blutdruck von Ratten vom Extrazellulärvolumen und der Plasma-Renin-Aktivität abhängt.
    Notes: Summary The effect of the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin (3.4 mg/kg/24 hr) on systolic blood pressure (PB) and plasma-renin-activity (PRA) was evaluated in normotensive and renovascular hypertensive rats receiving either a normal or low salt diet. Indomethacin reduced PRA in normal and hypertensive animals on both low and normal salt intake. Indomethacin furthermore, decreased BP in animals on low sodium diet but increased PB in sodium repleted rats. These data suggest that the effect of indomethacin on rat BP may depend on the state of extracellular volume and PRA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Indicator dilution technique ; cardiogenic shock ; intensive care units ; heart catheterization ; myocardial-infarction ; Thermodilutionstechnik ; kardiogener Shock ; Intensiveinheiten ; Myokardinfarkt ; Herzkatheterisierung
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird über eine modifizierte rechtsseitige HZV-Bestimmung durch Thermodilution berichtet, die auf der Verwendung von 3lumigen Swan-Ganz-Kathetern und dünnen, vorschiebbaren NTC-Thermistor-Kathetern beruht. Die Korrelation mit einer linksseitigen Bestimmungsmethode scheint auch im Bereich niedriger Fördervolumina linear zu sein. Das Verfahren wird zur Verwendung auf Intensivstationen empfohlen.
    Notes: Summary We present experimental results concerning to a new modified cardiac output determination method using thermodilution and the triple-lumen-Swan-Ganz-Catheter. A very thin thermistor-catheter is pushed forward through the pulmonalis-catheter-lumen, so that the use of previously developed Swan-Ganz-Thermistor-Catheters as unit can be avoided. This simple and less expensive technique is recommended to ICU's.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 57 (1979), S. 143-145 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Indometacin ; Plasma-Reninaktivität ; Hypotonie ; Indomethacin ; Plasma Renin Activity ; Arterial Hypotension
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary After a single oral dose of 4 mg/kg indomethacin (IDM) to sodium and volume depleted rats plasma renin activity (PRA) and systolic blood pressure fell significantly within four hours. In sodium repleted animals indomethacin did not change systolic blood pressure (BP) although plasma renin activity was decreased. Thus, indomethacin by inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis may diminish the blood pressure maintaining effect of the stimulated renin-angiotensin system in sodium and volume depletion.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Nach einer einmaligen oralen Gabe von 4 mg/kg Indometacin kam es innerhalb von 4 h bei Natrium- und Volumenverarmten Ratten zu einem signifikanten Abfall der Plasma-Reninaktivität und des systolischen Blutdrucks. Bei normalen Ratten führte die Indometacingabe lediglich zur Erniedrigung der Plasma-Reninaktivität ohne Beeinflussung des arteriellen Blutdruckes. Es wird deshalb angenommen, daß Indometacin über eine Hemmung der Prostaglandinsynthese den Blutdruck stabilisierenden Effekt des Renin-Angiotensin-Systems bei Natrium- und Volumenverarmung, vermindern kann.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Renale Hypotonie ; Reninmangel ; Natriumund Volumenverarmung ; Renal hypotension ; Renin depletion ; Sodium and volume deprivation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Arterial hypotension of renal origin occurred as consequence of low plasma renin activity in the presence of sodium and extracellular fluid volume depletion. Secretory insufficiency of the renin-producing juxtaglomerular cells and sodium and volume deprivation, simultaneously, were achieved by removing the “clamped” kidneys in renal hypertensive, sodium- and volume-depleted rats leaving in situ the contralateral kidneys deprived of renin during the preceding period of hypertension. It is suggested that renal hypotension after acute losses of sodium and extracellular fluid may also develop in patients with chronically depressed renin-angiotensin system.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Eine arterielle Hypotonie renalen Ursprungs wurde als Folge einer niedrigen Plasma-Reninaktivität bei bestehendem Mangel an Natrium und extrazellulärer Flüssigkeit beobachtet. Als experimentelles Modell, an dem eine sekretorische Insuffizienz der Renin-produzierenden juxtaglomerulären Zellen und eine Natrium- und Volumenverarmung gleichzeitig erzeugt werden konnten, dienten vorher hypertone, Natrium- und Volumen-verarmte Ratten nach Entfernung der Drosselnieren und Zurücklassung der während der Hochdruckperiode Renin-verarmten contralateralen Nieren. Es wird angenommen, daß sich eine renale Hypotonie nach akuten Verlusten von Natrium und extrazellulärer Flüssigkeit auch bei Patienten mit chronisch supprimiertem Renin-Angiotensin-System entwickeln kann.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words. Lung ; Lung nodule ; Lung neoplasms ; High-resolution CT
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The aim of this study was to analyze different characteristics on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) that help differentiate benign solitary pulmonary lesions (BSPLs) from malignant solitary pulmonary lesions (MSPLs). High-resolution computed tomography was performed on 104 consecutive patients with SPLs. The whole lesion was examined with a slice thickness of 1 mm and a 12-cm field of view. All lesions were surgically excised within 24 h of the CT examination. Satellite nodules, cavitations, and necrosis were found only in MSPLs. Useful characteristics for the differentiation of BSPLs from MSPLs were the presence of spicules (p 〈 0.00005), spicules extending to the visceral pleura (p 〈 0.0005), the vessel sign (p 〈 0.0005), pleural retraction (p 〈 0.001), circumscribed pleural thickening (p 〈 0.001), the bronchus sign (p 〈 0.005), the presence of ground-glass attenuation adjacent to the SPL (p 〈 0.01), the density of the lesion (p 〈 0.05), and the length of spicules (p 〈 0.05). Using the significant characteristics p 〈 0.01 for the identification of MSPLs, a sensitivity of 91.4 % and a specificity of 56.5 % (accuracy of 83.7 %) was found. A precise morphological assessment of the periphery of the pulmonary lesion is necessary. The HRCT technique is useful in differentiation of BSPLs from MSPLs. However, metastases strongly resembled benign lesions in terms of size and edge type, and chronic inflammatory pseudotumors as a group mimic MSPLs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Bronchogenic carcinoma ; Residual disease ; Bronchial resection margin ; Prognosis. ; Schlüsselwörter: Bronchialcarcinom ; Residualtumor ; Bronchusresektionsrand ; Prognose.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Nach Lungenresektion und ipsilateraler Lymphknotendissektion wegen Bronchialcarcinoms verblieb in 88 von 2464 Fällen (3,6 %) mikroskopisch Residualtumor (R1) am zentralen Bronchusresektionsrand. Sieben Patienten entwickelten eine Insuffizienz der Bronchusnaht, 2 weitere eine Nachblutung bzw. eine Herzluxation (Morbidität 8,0 %). Die Hospitalletalität betrug 16,6 %. Todesursachen waren Bronchusnahtinsuffizienz (n = 7), Arrosionsblutung (n = 4), respiratorische Insuffizienz (n = 1) und Pleuraempyem (n = 1). Eine postoperative Bestrahlung wurde bei 43 Patienten durchgeführt. Die mediane Überlebenszeit aller Patienten nach R1-Resektion war 16 Monate gegenüber 37 Monaten nach R0-Resektion (p 〈 0,001). Die Überlebenszeit war unabhängig von Tumorstadium und -histologie, Lokalisation des Residualtumors in der Bronchuswand und einer Nachbestrahlung. Inkomplette Resektionen sind durch intraoperativen Schnellschnitt zu verifizieren. Sofern funktionell vertretbar, sollte in den Stadien I und II eine Nachresektion (R0) angestrebt werden; auch in den Stadien III a und III b ist bei R0-Resektion ein statistisch signifikanter Überlebensvorteil gegenüber R1-Resektion zu verzeichnen, jedoch weniger deutlich als in niedrigeren Stadien.
    Notes: Summary. Residual tumor (R1) was proven at the proximal bronchial resection margin in 88 (3.6 %) of 2464 cases of lung cancer following lung resection and standard lymph node dissection. Postoperative complications (8 %) were: fistula of the bronchial suture line (n = 7), bleeding (n = 2) and heart luxation (n = 1). The in-hospital mortality was 16.6 %. Causes of death were: bronchial fistula (n = 7), erosion of the pulmonary artery (n = 4), respiratory failure (n = 1), and empyema (n = 1). Forty-three patients received postoperative radiation therapy. Median survival of all patients following incomplete resection was 16 months, compared to 37 months following complete resection (P 〈 0.001). Length of survival was independent of tumor stage, histology, site of infiltration and postoperative radiation. In conclusion, in resection for lung cancer clear margins should be verified by intraoperative frozen section. In the case of residual tumor at the bronchial resection margin, wider resection is mandatory in stage I and II if the patient meets the functional criteria. Even in stage III a and III b prognosis is significantly better after complete resection than R1-resection; the difference, however, is smaller than in lower stages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Percutaneous drainage ; Radiologic guidance ; Pleural emyemas/abscesses
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Radiologically guided percutaneous catheter drainage was used in 38 patients to treat pleural empyemas (35 patients) and pulmonary abscesses (3 patients). Drainage was successful in 85.7% of empyemas including 11 cases with fistulous communications. Three percutaneously drained pulmonary abscesses required subsequent lobectomy. One patient died during the drainage procedure due to sepsis. No major complications related to the drainage procedure were observed. Guided percutaneous drainage proved to be a safe and successful alternative to closed drainage of pleural fluid collections.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European spine journal 4 (1995), S. 302-307 
    ISSN: 1432-0932
    Keywords: Thoracic spine fracture ; Thoracoscopy ; Bone grafting
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Modern concepts of treating thoracic and lumbar spinal trauma are based on posterior transpedicular fixation techniques which confer angular stability and instrument only a few levels of the spine. In addition, to prevent secondary losses in postoperative reduction of kyphotic deformities, transpedicular resection of torn dises, and inter-and intracorporeal bone grafting are included in the repair procedures for the entire damaged motion segment. However, due to the small size of the pedicles, a transpedicular approach to the injured vertebral body is not possible in the upper thoracic spine. Patients whose thoracic spine trauma is not serious enough to require ventral instrumentation through open thoracotomy, but who present with an unstable vertebral fracture, may profit from additional ventral bone grafting to stabilize the fracture. The present study examined the feasibility of thoracoscopic ventral bone grafting in seven patients with unstable fractures of the upper thoracic spine. For primary repair, we stabilized the fracture by using posterior transpedicular screw systems (rods or plates). Simultaneously, spongiosa was harvested from the posterior iliac crest and deepfrozen. Repair was completed a few days later via a ventral thoracoscopic approach. The main location of the ventral osseous defect was identified by intraoperative radiology. After mechanical removal of destroyed connective tissue and disc material, fusion was performed using the previously harvested spongiosa, which was placed into the intervertebral disc space and the anterior osseous defect. Our results show thoracoscopic bone grafting to be technically possible and associated with low morbidity, with a potential of yielding satisfactory long-term results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Onkologe 5 (1999), S. 941-947 
    ISSN: 1433-0415
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Seltene Lungentumoren repräsentieren weniger als 5% aller malignen Lungentumoren. Sie sind von sehr unterschiedlicher Histogenese und jede Tumorentität bedarf einer individuellen Betrachtung. Ätiologisch unterscheiden sie sich deutlich von den häufigen Bronchialkarzinomen aber bei Diagnostik und therapeutischen Vorgehen unterscheiden sie sich nicht von nicht-kleinzelligen Bronchialkarzinomen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Chirurg 69 (1998), S. 412-417 
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Lung cancer ; Lymph node dissection ; Staging ; Therapy. ; Schlüsselwörter: Bronchialcarcinom ; Lymphknotendissektion ; Staging ; Therapie.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Die Lymphknotendissektion ist im Hinblick auf die Stadienzuordnung fester Bestandteil der in kurativer Absicht vorgenommenen Operation bei Bronchialcarcinom. Tumorbefall ipsilateraler mediastinaler Lymphknoten (N2) ist mit einer schlechten Prognose vergesellschaftet. Da die meisten Patienten mit N2-Situation innerhalb 3 Jahren nach Operation an Fernmetastasen versterben, muß angenommen werden, daß ein Befall mediastinaler Lymphknoten bereits Ausdruck einer Generalisation der Tumorerkrankung ist. Daher ist einerseits die Wahrscheinlichkeit eines therapeutischen Effekts einer ausgedehnten Lymphknotendissektion gering, andererseits die Evaluation und Anwendung einer zusätzlichen systemischen Therapie gerechtfertigt.
    Notes: Summary. Any operation for lung cancer that is planned as curative includes dissection of the lymph nodes in the mediastinum in order to allow correct staging of the disease. It is well known that ipsilateral lymph node metastases (N2) mean a poor prognosis. Since most patients with this finding die from metastatic tumor progression within 3 years after the operation, it can be assumed that positive findings in the mediastinal lymph nodes represent generalization of the cancer. Therefore, the probability of a therapeutic effect from more radical removal of lymph nodes in the mediastinum is rather low. On the other hand, it is justified to apply and evaluate additional systemic treatment in these tumor stages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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