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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cytidine deaminase – the methodological relevance of AraC deamination for ex vivo experiments using cultured cell lines, fresh leukemic blasts, and normal bone marrow cells (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 78 (1999), S. 514-520 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Cytidine deaminase ; AraC ; AML ; Pharmacokinetics ; Pharmacodynamics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract  The clinical effects of cytosine arabinoside (AraC) are highly dependent on schedule and dose. Many regimens administered to patients are derived from artificial model systems involving permanent leukemic cell lines. The differences in pharmacokinetics between the in vivo situation and such cell lines are largely neglected. However, cytidine deaminase activity in particular has a major impact on AraC pharmacokinetics by degrading AraC to its inactive metabolite AraU, and it has been shown to be of prognostic relevance in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. This study therefore investigated cytidine deaminase activities and AraC deamination in a variety of the most commonly used leukemic cell lines and fresh blasts and their impact on the results of an in vitro model system. It was found that cells from different cell lines (BLIN, CEM, HL60, K562, RAJI, REH, U937) vary greatly in cytidine deaminase activity (e.g., 1.89 nmol per min/mg in K562 versus 0.01 in BLIN cells) and degrade between 18.5 (BLIN) and 96.5% (REH) of AraC to AraU in the incubation medium. This degradation results in highly different AraC exposures for different cells (e.g., AUC of 960 ng per h/ml in REH versus 4048 ng per h/ml in BLIN cells) in spite of identical starting concentrations of the drug. Formation of AraCTP as the main cytotoxic metabolite of AraC is significantly influenced by the differences in cell type-dependent cytidine deaminase activity (e.g., 35.6 ng/107 cells in REH versus 180.2 ng/107 cells in BLIN cells). In contrast to permanent cell lines, fresh leukemic blasts and normal bone marrow mononuclear cells featured low AraC degradation in the model system.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002770050548
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor shortens duration of critical neutropenia and prolongs disease-free survival after sequential high-dose cytosine arabinoside and mitoxantrone (S-HAM) salvage therapy for refractory and relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (1998)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 77 (1998), S. 115-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Schlagwort(e): Key words G-CSF ; AML ; Cytosine arabinoside ; Refractory disease ; Salvage therapy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract  Patients with primary refractory or relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who undergo intensive salvage chemotherapy carry a high risk of treatment failure due to infectious complications and early relapses. The study presented here assessed the effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) on the duration of post-treatment neutropenia, the incidence of infection-related deaths, and the disease-free and overall survival. Sixty-eight evaluable patients with relapsed and refractory AML received G-CSF 5 μg/kg per day subcutaneously starting 2 days after the completion of salvage treatment with the S-HAM regimen, consisting of high-dose cytosine arabinoside twice daily on days 1, 2, 8, and 9 and mitoxantrone on days 3, 4, 10, and 11. Ninety-one patients who were treated with the identical S-HAM regimen but without G-CSF support during a preceding study served as controls. The application of G-CSF resulted in a significant shortening of critical neutropenia of less than 500 μl (36 vs. 40 days;p=0.008), which translated into a trend towards a lower early death rate (21% vs. 30%) and an increase of complete remissions (56% vs. 47%, p=0.11). In patients younger than 60 years a significant prolongation of time to treatment failure (159 vs. 93 days, p=0.038) and of duration of disease-free survival (203 vs. 97 days, p=0.003) was observed. These results indicate a beneficial effect of G-CSF on early mortality as well as on long-term outcome when administered after S-HAM salvage therapy for advanced AML.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002770050425
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Low-Pressure chemical vapour deposition of tantalum pentoxide films for ulsi devices using tantalum pentaethoxide as precursor (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 1 (1992), S. 299-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): LPCVD ; Tantalum pentoxide ; High dielectric constant ; ULSI devices ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: A laminar flow low-pressure chemical vapour deposition (LPCVD) system (LAM IntegrityTM) has been used to deposit tantalum pentoxide (Ta2O5) from Ta(OEt)5 films in the presence of oxygen (O2) at 470 °C at a typical deposition rate of 4 nm min-1. Uniformities of 〈1.5% (SD 1σ) over a 150 mm silicon substrate were obtained. The layers were annealed under different conditions. It was discovered that the films did not change their stoichiometry as determined by Rutherford backscattering (RBS). The as-deposited films were amorphous but became crystalline (β-Ta2O5) at temperatures 〉 700 °C. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results on crystallisation behaviour were supported by X-ray diffraction data. The electrical properties of the Ta2O5 films have been characterised using MIS (metal/insulator/silicon) capacitor structures. Leakage values of 〈10-6 A cm-2 at 6 MV cm-1 equivalent applied electric field and breakdown strengths of 〉7 MV cm-1 at 1.6 μA were obtained for annealed layers. Compound dielectric constants (native silicon oxide thickness of about 2.5 nm plus Ta2O5 of various thicknesses) between 14 and 〉30 have been measured. The electrical properties reveal the potential use of Ta2O5 as a storage capacitor dielectric in 64 and 256 Mbit DRAM (dynamic random access memory) devices.
    Zusätzliches Material: 13 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/amo.860010607
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Deposition, annealing and characterisation of high-dielectric-constant metal oxide films (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 5 (1995), S. 163-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): ULSI ; high dielectric constant ; metal oxides ; deposition ; annealing ; characterisation ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: Flims of metal oxides, such as Ta2O5, Nb2O5, Al2O3, HfO2, ZrO2 and TiO2 have been fabricated by use of different precursor materials, deposition techniques and annealing techniques. Several analytical methods were applied to study the layers. New data of fundamental properties of these metal oxides are reported and related to practical features that are of importance in device design and manufacturing of advanced, highly integrated devices. This overview may facilitate the choice of an optimal combination of precursor material, deposition technique and corresponding annealing procedure for a specific application of these metal oxide films in microelectronics.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/amo.860050305
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Sterospecific polymerization with alkali metal organic compounds (1962)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 2 (1962), S. 105-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760020209
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Thermal stability of “living” polymer-lithium systems (1972)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 16 (1972), S. 3123-3131 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: The thermal stabilities of polybutadienyllithium, polyisoprenyllithium, and polystyryllithium solutions have been determined in hydrocarbon solvents. Kinetic analysis indicated that a complex mechanism was involved in the thermolysis of polybutadienyllithium. The thermal stability was observed to increase with increasing lithium concentration, suggesting the presence of competitive reactions in addition to the expected elimination of lithium hydride. The thermal stability of the three systems studied was consistent with their reported degrees of association: dimeric polystyryllithium was less stable than tetrameric polyisoprenyllithium or hexameric polybutadienyllithium.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1972.070161207
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Thermolytic reactions of polybutadienyllithium (1972)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 16 (1972), S. 3133-3144 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: In addition to the expected elimination of lithium hydride, metalation and addition reactions have been observed as competitive, thermolytic reactions of polybutadienyllithium. The importance of these reactions at temperatures frequently utilized for the polymerization of butadiene was illustrated and the effect of these reactions on the macrostructure of polybutadiene determined.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1972.070161208
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Randomized online algorithms for maximizing busy time interval scheduling (1996)
    Springer
    Computing 56 (1996), S. 95-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5057
    Schlagwort(e): 68M20 ; Probabilistic algorithm ; online scheduling ; interval ; busy time
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Wir betrachten das Problem der Zuteilung von Aufgaben bestimmter Rechenzeit auf einem Rechner, um so seine Auslastung zu maximieren. Die Aufgabe besteht darin, einen probabilistischen Online-Algorithmus mit vernünftigem worst-case Performance-Verhältnis zu finden. Wir geben die Antwort auf ein offenes Problem von Lipton und Tompkins, das das bestmögliche Verhältnis betrifft. Weiter verallgemeinern wir ihre Ergebnisse auf einm-Maschinen-Analogon. Schließlich wird eine Variante des Problems analysiert, in dem der Rechner mit einem Zwischenspeicher für einen Job versehen ist.
    Notizen: Abstract We consider the problem of scheduling tasks requiring certain processing times on one machine so that the busy time of the machine is maximized. The problem is to find a probabilistic online algorithm with reasonable worst case performance ratio. We answer an open problem of Lipton and Tompkins concerning the best possible ratio that can be achieved. Furthermore, we extend their results to anm-machine analogue. Finally, a variant of the problem is analyzed, in which the machine is provided with a buffer to store one job.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02309339
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Zersetzungsdrücke und Phasengrenzen von NiobnitridenProfessor ALBRECHT RABENAU zum 60. Geburtstage gewidmet. (1983)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 507 (1983), S. 127-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Dissociation Pressures and Phase Boundaries of Niobium NitridesDissociation pressures of niobium nitrides in the region NbN1.006-NbN0.45 were measured by a thermogravimetric method at temperatures from 1300 to 1800°C. The results enabled us to make statements on the two phase regions η/δ, δ/γ and δ/β and on the homogeneity ranges of the δ and the β phase. Enthalpies of the conversions η → δ, δ → γ, δ(γ) → β, and of the formation of the δ phase were calculated. A partial three dimensional c,p,T diagram and a proposal for a twodimensional c,T diagram of the Nb—N system have been designed.
    Notizen: Durch Thermogravimetrie wurden die Zersetzungsdrücke von Niobnitriden im Gebiet NbN1,006 bis NbN0,45 bei Temperaturen zwischen 1300 und 1800°C ermittelt. Es resultieren Aussagen über die Zweiphasengebiete η-/δ-Phase, δ-/γ-Phase und δ-/β-Phase. Die Enthalpien der Umwandlungen η → δ, δ → γ, δ(γ) → β sowie der Bildung der δ-Phase aus den Elementen wurden berechnet. Es wurden ein dreidimensionales c,p, T-Teildiagramm konstruiert und ein Vorschlag für ein zweidimensionales c, T-Diagramm des Nb—N-Systems gemacht.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19835071216
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Gezielte Präparation von NiobnitridphasenProfessor Günther Rienäcker zum 80. Geburtstage am. 13. Mai 1984 gewidmet (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 512 (1984), S. 7-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Preparation of Niobium Nitrides with Proposed Composition and StructureSpecial proposed niobium nitrides were prepared by using the predictions of the p, T, c diagram Nb—N recently known in most parts. This phase diagram thus could be confirmed.
    Notizen: Durch Ausnutzung des in großen Teilen bekannten p, T, c-Diagramms der Nb—N-Verbindungen wurden gezielt bestimmte Niobnitridphasen dargestellt. Die analytische und röntgenographische Charakterisierung der Produkte wird mit dem Zustandsdiagramm verglichen und bestätigt dies weitgehend.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19845120502
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