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  • Diabetes  (3)
  • Taste hairs  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diabetologia 14 (1978), S. 325-328 
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetes ; hypertrophy ; kidney ; nephrectomy ; rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The kidney growth seen after the induction of experimental diabetes in rats has been compared to the compensatory renal growth after one-sided nephrectomy. After five days the kidney weight had increased from 650 ± 15 mg in a group of controls to 778 ± 21 mg in diabetic rats, and 764 ±17 mg in unilaterally nephrectomised rats. The increased weight was in both groups reflected in an increased DNA content and increased RNA/DNA and protein/DNA ratios. In a group of rats made diabetic and nephrectomised at the same time, kidney weight increased to 953 ± 22 mg after five days. When rats were unilaterally nephrectomised after 20 days of untreated diabetes, compensatory growth was much more pronounced than in non-diabetic rats, kidney weight rising from 780 ± 21 to 1144 ± 39 mg in five days. Similarly, in rats with established compensatory renal hypertrophy, diabetes induced a very rapid growth of the remaining kidney (1226 ± 46 mg after five days).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diabetologia 18 (1980), S. 501-505 
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetes ; glomerulus ; hypertrophy ; kidney ; morphometry ; nephrectomy ; proximal tubule ; rats ; stereology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Renal hypertrophy in rats with streptozotocin diabetes or after unilateral nephrectomy was studied by sterological techniques. — After 4 days of diabetes total glomerular volume had increased by 30%, and after 47 days by 43%. Glomerular growth was more pronounced than whole kidney growth during the first 4 days, but subsequently whole kidney growth exceeded glomerular growth. In control rats glomerular volume was 4.9% of total kidney volume; after 4 days of diabetes it was 5.4% and after 47 days 4.1%. — Proximal tubule length increased from 366 m/kidney in control rats to 447 m/kidney after 47 days of diabetes; tubular luminal diameter increased from 26.8 μm to 31.4 μm in the same rats. Tubular length and luminal diameter were, however, not increased after 4 days of diabetes. — In unilaterally nephrectomised rats there was no early rapid glomerular growth. Glomerular fractional volume was 4.9% in controls, 4.4% at four days, and 4.2% at 24 days after nephrectomy. — The results indicate a disturbed glomerulo-tubular balance in the early phases of diabetic renal hypertrophy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetes ; growth hormone ; hypertrophy ; kidney ; rat ; streptozotocin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Normal and diabetic rats were given daily injections of human growth hormone for four days (5 mg per rat per day). Injected rats showed no differences from uninjected controls with respect to kidney weight or renal content of protein, RNA or DNA. Kidney weight increased by 7% after two days of diabetes and by 20% after four days, but growth hormone caused no augmentation of the hypertrophy. It is concluded that growth hormone plays no role in the initiation of diabetic renal hypertrophy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 186 (2000), S. 193-203 
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Key wordsEristalis tenax ; Pollen ; Taste hairs ; Contact chemoreception ; Proline
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The labellar gustatory system of the dronefly Eristalis tenax L. (Syrphidae; Diptera) that enables the fly to discriminate between pollen and nectar is investigated, and the triggering of pollen ingestion is examined. In behavioural preference tests, exhaustively extracted pollen of the sunflower Helianthus annuus is consumed in smaller amounts than untreated pollen, indicating that water-soluble substances are important for acceptance. Dry pollen is preferred over moist pollen in which the grains stick together, suggesting that mechanical properties of the pollen also play a role in its sensory assessment. Electrophysiological studies of the labellar taste hairs reveal that aqueous extracts of pollen (2% w/v) stimulate the salt receptor cell, but not the sugar receptor cell. The response of the water receptor cell remains the same as to pure water (or standard electrolyte, 10 mmol · l−1 KCl). Of the 20 amino acids tested, the salt cell is sensitive only to proline in a submillimolar range. Behavioural experiments support the electrophysiological findings. When KCl is applied at concentrations eliciting salt-cell spike frequencies equal to those produced by pollen extract (which is often accepted), the water receptor cell is inhibited and a pronounced rejection behaviour occurs. This rejection of concentrated salt solution in Eristalis is therefore mainly mediated by the inhibition of the water cell.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 117 (1971), S. 419-442 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Taste hairs ; Insects ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Schmeckhaare der Fliege Phormia terraenovae enthalten fünf Rezeptorzellen (vier Kontaktchemo- und eine Mechanorezeptorzelle), die von zwei Hüllzellen unter Aussparung von Lymphräumen („Vakuole“) umgeben sind. Die Rezeptorzellen gliedern sich in Axon, Zellkörper und Dendrit, der aus Innenglied, Übergangsabschnitt und Außenglied besteht. Der Übergangsabschnitt hat die 9+0-Struktur der modifizierten Cilien mit zwei Basalkörpern. Im Plasma der Außenglieder sind nur Mikrotubuli zu erkennen. Die Außenglieder der Kontaktchemorezeptoren ziehen durch die röhrenförmige Dendritenscheide und den Kanal I des Haarschafts bis zu einem Porus in der Haarspitze, durch den sie mit den Schmeckstoffen in Kontakt kommen (Ort der Primärprozesse). Das Außenglied der Mechanorezeptorzelle enthält einen tubulären Körper und setzt an der Haarbasis an. Die Hüllzelle II (tormogene Zelle) bildet zum großen Sensillenlymphraum hin ein stark gefaltetes Membransystem aus. Der Feinbau wird in Beziehung zur Funktion der Schmeckhaare gesetzt.
    Notes: Summary The tarsal taste hairs of the blowfly contain five receptor cells: four contact chemoreceptors and one mechanoreceptor. These cells are surrounded concentrically by two sheath cells with fluid-filled spaces (“vacuoles”) between them. The receptor cell parts are the axon, the cell body, and the dendrite. The latter has an inner segment, a transitional region, and an outer segment. The transitional region shows the 9+0 configuration of a modified cilium with two basal bodies. In the outer segment only microtubules are found. The outer segments of contact chemoreceptors pass through the tube-like dendrite sheath, then through “canal I” of the hair shaft, to reach the pore at the tip of the hair. The outer segment of the mechanoreceptor contains a “tubular body” and terminates at the hair base. The “sheath cell II” (tormogene cell) forms a folded membrane system toward the main liquor space. The fine structure of the tarsal taste hairs is discussed in relation to their function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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