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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological anomalies induced by Congo red in Aspergillus niger (1984)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 137 (1984), S. 185-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Aspergillus ; Hyphal extension ; Chitin microfibril formation ; Congo red ; Morphogenetic abnormalities
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Aspergillus niger germ tubes were exposed for 6 h to 0.15 mg/ml of Congo red, a stain which prevents chitin microfibril assembly. The most evident alterations, detected under ultraviolet light and by transmission and scanning electron microscopy, concerned the hyphal tips which burst or, most frequently, expanded into bulges. In the latter structures, new hyphal tips appeared which, after giving rise to more or less developed hyphae, were themselves converted into new bulges. Therefore, segments derived from isotropic and polarized growth alternated in the organisms exposed to the dye. An interpretation of these abnormalities is advanced based upon the assumption that the maintainance of a regular gradient of wall viscosity in the hyphal extension zone depends primarily on the capability of glycan chains to form crystalline aggregates of increasing complexity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00414540
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytoskeletal structures inEuglena gracilis after triton X-100 extraction and dry cleaving (1985)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 128 (1985), S. 218-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Cytoskeleton ; Triton X-100 ; Dry cleaving ; Euglena gracilis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A three-dimensional network of structural filaments was visible with common electron microscopes in the cytoplasm ofEuglena gracilis green cells extracted with buffers containing the nonionic detergent Triton X-100. A similar filamentous web was detected at the periphery of critical point dried cells cleaved on grids by means of an adhesive tape. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the detergent-resistent cytoskeleton showed that actin or actin-like proteins of molecular weight in the range of 43–45 K are not among the components having a structural role inEuglena. The significance of these findings was discussed in relation to the capability of the alga to change the cell shape.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01276344
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural alterations inEuglena gracilis exposed to the herbicide isopropyl-N-phenylcarbamate (IPC) (1982)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 111 (1982), S. 189-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Carbamate herbicide ; Euglena gracilis ; Nucleus ; Cytoskeleton ; Ultrastructural alterations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Ultrastructural abnormalities of various kinds and severity appeared inEuglena gracilis green cells after a 48-hour exposure to 4 × 10−4M of isoprophyl-N-phenylcarbamate (IPC), a widely used herbicide thought to affect microtubules and/or microtubule organizing centers in susceptible plant and animal species. A high proportion of cells contained nuclei in the G 2 phase of the cycle; in a significant percentage of organisms, however, structural aberrations of the nucleolus and chromosomes were evident. The pellicle outline, chloroplasts, mitochondria, and dictyosomes were also affected. The cytoplasm was rich in dense bodies which sometimes showed granular, fibrillar or tubular materials. Furthermore IPC partially inhibited flagellum regeneration after mechanical amputation. The mechanism by which IPC causes these responses remains unclear. Nevertheless, some indications suggest that the herbicide acts primarily on microtubule organizing centers. However, mitochondria, chloroplasts and nuclear constituents appear as possible additional targets of the compound.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01281966
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alterations induced by dimethyl sulfoxide inEuglena gracilis with emphasis on the side effects (1985)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 125 (1985), S. 199-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Dimethyl sulfoxide ; Euglena gracilis ; Ultrastructural side effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In a previous study, we demonstrated that 5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) alters the contractile system responsible for cell motility (euglenoid movements) and cytokinesis inEuglena gracilis. However, the nucleus continued to divide and most cells were larger than normal and binucleated. The present study reveals that DMSO, besides altering the cell functions requiring microfilaments, also affects other cell parts. More precisely, the materials normally covering the plasma membrane detach from it; the nucleus shows an irregular outline and aberrations in the nucleolus and chromosomes; the chloroplasts decompose the internal structures and, in a number of cells, transform into proplastid-like organelles. Also, the development of the proplastid into chloroplast in etiolated algae exposed to the light in the presence of DMSO is highly disturbed. These results show that DMSO has remarkable side effects like all the cytoskeletal poisons experimented up to now. An interpretation of the nuclear and chloroplast alterations is advanced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01281238
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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