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  • Antigen-Antibody Interaction  (1)
  • F(ab')2  (1)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 58 (1980), S. 543-550 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Schlagwort(e): Immunkomplexe ; Antigen-Antikörper-Wechselwirkung ; Komplement ; Hagemanfaktor ; Immune Complexes ; Antigen-Antibody Interaction ; Complement ; Hageman Factor
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Summary Immune complexes (IC) may be pathophysiologically active in correlation with the nature and size of the antigen, the type and the quality of the antibody, and the concentration of both. Those parameters are decisive for the composition and the lattice structure of IC. Pathogenic effects are induced: by complement activation and generation of biologically active C′ split products via the classical and the alternative pathway, by interaction with Fc and complement receptors resulting in exocytosis of lysosomal contents including degradative enzymes, cationic proteins, vasoactive amines and mediators effective on lymphocytes and macrophages; by direct and indirect activation of the Hageman factor followed by stimulation of the kinin, coagulation and fibrinolysis system; and by modulation of the immune response via the afferent and the efferent branch. All those mechanisms seem to be involved in the induction of lesions along the vessel wall in the various privileged organs.
    Notizen: Zusammenfassung Die pathophysiologische Rolle von Immunkomplexen (IC) ist abhängig von deren Zusammensetzung und Vernetzungsgrad. Entscheidend für diese Parameter sind Art und Größe des Antigens, Klasse und Bindungsqualität des Antikörpers und die Konzentration beider Anteile. Pathogene Auswirkungen der IC werden hervorgerufen - durch Aktivierung von Komplement Über den klassischen und den alternativen Weg und der Bildung von biologisch aktiven Komplementspaltprodukten, - durch Wechselwirkung mit Fc und Komplementrezeptoren, was wiederum zur Exozytose lysosomaler Substanzen inklusiv kataboler Enzyme, kationischer Proteine, vasoaktiver Amine und Mediatoren, wirksam auf Lymphozyten und Makrophagen, führt. - durch direkte und indirekte Aktivierung des Hagemanfaktors, gefolgt von der Stimulation des Kinin-, Gerinnungs- und Fibrinolysesystems, - und durch Beeinflussung der Immunantwort über den afferenten und den efferenten Weg. All diese Mechanismen scheinen an der Entstehung von Läsionen entlang der Gefäßwand in den jeweiligen disponierten Organen beteiligt zu sein.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Schlagwort(e): Immune complexes ; i.v.-immunoglobulin preparations ; 7S-IgG ; F(ab')2 ; Fab ; Inflammation ; Side-effects ; Therapy ; Prophylaxis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Antibodies of the IgG class possess antibacterial, antiviral and toxin neutralizing properties and for this reason are administered prophylactically and therapeutically. In the case of the immunoglobulin preparations commercially available for i.v. application a basic distinction must be made between unsplit immunoglobulins and those antibody preparations obtained by enzymatic digestion, such as F(ab')2 or Fab antibodies. This survey deals with the largely experimental evidence describing the biological properties of these preparations. Administration of antibodies in the presence of the corresponding antigens leads to the formation of immune complexes in the organism. These immune complexes can activate, either directly or indirectly, the cellular and humoral systems which are involved in phagocytosis and the elimination of antigens, in the regulation of the body's own antibody production and in inflammatory reactions. As a result of their inability to interact with Fc receptors, immune complexes with F(ab')2 or F(ab) antibodies appear to be less active in the release of inflammation mediators from leucocytes and thrombocytes than immune complexes with unsplit immunoglobulins. These, on the other hand, can antigen-specifically and non-antigenspecifically suppress the immune system which is not the case for immune complexes with F(ba')2 or Fab antibodies. There are indications that these split products also occur in vivo due to the action of tissue and leucocyte proteases. Unlike Fab prcparations, F(ab')2 antibodies have antibacterial and antiviral potencies similar to unsplit immunoglobulins, which is probably due to the ability of F(ab')2 molecules to activate complement, not by the classical but by the alternative pathway. Like Fab preparations, F(ab')2 molecules appear to be superior to unsplit IgG in the elimination of haptens. On account of the relatively long period of time unsplit immunoglobulins remain in the blood, they are well suited for prophylactic treatment and substitution over longer periods. The extent to which indications, obtained predominantly from experimental studies, of a reduced release of inflammation mediators, a lack of immune suppression and a lack of augmentation of IgG catabolism would advocate the use of F(ab')2 split products, especially for therapeutic purposes, can only be ascertained after prospective and comparative studies have been carried out.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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