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Metamorphic evolution of eclogite and associated garnet-mica schist in the high-pressure metamorphic Maksyutov complex, Ural, Russia (1999)

Schulte, B. ; Blümel, P.

Springer

Geologische Rundschau 87 (1999), S. 561-576

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ISSN: 0016-7835

Keywords: Key words Ural ; Maksyutov complex ; Garnet ; Chloritoid ; P ; T path

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Geosciences

Notes: Abstract Metasedimentary garnet-mica schists are interlayered with metabasic garnet–omphacite schists and enclose eclogite boudins in the high-pressure metamorphic Maksyutov complex in the Southern Urals, Russia. These three rock types were investigated in one outcrop and compared chemographically and thermobarometrically. The Fe/Mg distributions between garnet rim–omphacite and garnet rim–phengite pairs indicate different equilibration temperatures for the three samples, with the lowest temperature (500°C, 〉1.5 GPa) for the eclogite boudin, an intermediate temperature (630°C, 〉1.7 GPa) for the foliated eclogite and the highest temperature (650°C, 〉1.7 GPa) for the garnet-mica schist. The garnets in garnet-mica schist enclose abundant chloritoid relics and the Fe/Mg distribution between chloritoid and garnet records an earlier high-temperature stage (650°C, 〉2.0 GPa) before the garnet rim–phengite temperatures were reached. Together with some minimum- and maximum-pressure estimates three different prograde pressure–temperature paths and a common retrograde metamorphic evolution are interpreted from the chemographic and thermobarometric data. The different early metamorphic evolutions and conditions confirm the variability of protoliths, which are also indicated by different U/Pb zircon and rutile ages.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005310050231

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Postembedment staining of complex carbohydrates: Influence of fixation and embedding procedures (1987)

Thomopoulos, G. N. ; Schulte, B. A. ; Spicer, S. S.

New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell

Journal of Electron Microscopy Technique 5 (1987), S. 17-44

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ISSN: 0741-0581

Keywords: Complex carbohydrates ; Glycoconjugates ; Lectins ; Histochemistry ; Cytochemistry ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Natural Sciences in General

Notes: In recent years technological advancements have led to improvements in ultrastructural cytochemical methods for localizing and characterizing complex carbohydrates. In particular the introduction of lectins with specific affinities for various sugars and sugar sequences as histochemical probes has increased knowledge concerning the cellular and subcellular distribution of glycoconjugates. Development of nonepoxy-based embedding materials has provided increased sensitivity compared to the earlier less specific methods and the current lectin methods for localizing sugar moieties. Postembedment staining based on the reactivity of functional groups present in sugars, such as hydroxyl groups, vicinal diol groups, carboxyl groups, and sulfate esters, requires specific conditions for tissue fixation and embedding. The same requirements pertain to staining based on lectin binding. The influence of fixation and embedment using older and newly developed embedding mixtures on the ultrastructural demonstration of complex carbohydrates is considered in this discussion. Fixation with osmium tetroxide and embedment in epoxy resins provides the least sensitive combination for the detection of the reactive groups of complex carbohydrates. The best ultrastructural demonstration of glycoconjugates is achieved when nonosmicated tissues are embedded in nonepoxy resins.

Additional Material: 35 Ill.