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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Demonstration of antibodies to the surface (anti-p41) and core proteins (anti-p24) of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in individuals positive for anti-HIV (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 65 (1987), S. 596-599 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Human immunodeficiency virus ; AIDS ; Anti-HIV ; Anti-p41 ; Anti-p24
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Diagnosis of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) relies on the demonstration of antibody to this virus. Occasionally, the combined analysis of sera using ELISA and western blot reveals false-positive results. We have compared a newly developed test to detect antibodies to the core (anti-p24) and surface (anti-p41) proteins of HIV with the established tests described above. Anti-p24 and anti-p41 were negative in three individuals positive for anti-HIV by ELISA and immunoblot; they had a low risk to acquire HIV infection and were clinically and immunologically normal and suspected false positive previously. In 62 individuals at risk, anti-p41 was always positive while anti-p24 was negative in 24/62 individuals including all but one patient with AIDS. The data indicate that this new test may replace the western blot as a reliable, widely available, and standardized confirmatory assay. In addition, preliminary evidence needs to be confirmed that quantitative analysis of anti-p24 might be of prognostic value in the course of HIV infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01726665
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histokompatibilitäts-(HLA) Antigene bei Patienten mit HBsAg-positiver und -negativer chronisch aktiver Hepatitis und gesunden Trägern von HBsAg und Anti-HBs (1976)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 54 (1976), S. 579-583 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: HLA ; Chronic active hepatitis ; Autoimmunity ; HBsAg ; Anti-HBs ; HLA ; Chronisch-aktive Hepatitis ; Autoimmunität ; HBsAg ; Anti-HBs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Eine Analyse der Literatur und eigene Befunde über die Häufigkeit von 23 HLA-Antigenen bei Patienten mit Hepatitis-Oberflächen-Antigen (HBsAg)-positiver und -negativer chronisch aktiver Hepatitis (CAH) und gesunden Trägern von HBsAg und Antikörpern gegen HBsAg (Anti-HBs) erlauben die folgenden Schlußfolgerungen: 1. Bei Patienten mit CAH und HBsAg-Persistenz findet sich eine normale Häufigkeit von HLA-B8 (und -A1). 2. Auch bei Patienten mit HBsAg-negativen Formen einer CAH ohne Autoimmunphänomene (AutoAk) ist die HLA-B8-Häufigkeit normal. 3. Nur Patienten mit HBsAg-negativer CAH mit AutoAk haben eine statistisch signifikant größere Häufigkeit von HLA-B8 (und -A1) (p 〈 0,01 nach Korrektion für die Zahl der getesteten HLA-Antigene und Patientengruppen). 4. Es bestehen keine signifikanten Unterschiede in der Häufigkeit der getesteten HLA-Antigene bei CAH-Patienten mit HBsAg-Persistenz und gesunden Trägern von HBsAg und Anti-HBs. Somit konnten keine Hinweise für HLA-assoziierte Faktoren für das unterschiedliche Verhalten gegen das Hepatitis-B-Virus gefunden werden.
    Notes: Summary New own data and a survey of published data concerning the frequencies of 23 HLA antigens in patients with HBsAg positive and negative chronic active hepatitis (CAH) and healthy carriers of Hepatitis-surface antigen (HBsAg) and high titers of antibodies to HBsAg (Anti-HBs) allow to conclude as follows: 1. Patients with CAH and persistence of HBsAg show a normal frequency of HLA-B8 2. There is no increased frequency of HLA-B8 in HBsAg negative CAH without autoimmune antibodies. 3. Only in patients with HBsAg negative CAH with autoimmune antibodies is the frequency of HLA-B8 is statistically significantly increased (p 〈 0.01 after correction for the number of antigens and different groups of patients compared). These are patients with the autoimmune form of CAH. 4. There exist no significant differences in the frequencies of the HLA antigens tested in patients with HBsAg positive CAH and healthy carriers of HBsAg and Anti-HBs. Thus no indications could be found for HLA-associated factors in the different behaviour to the hepatitis-B virus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01619573
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modification of the immune response against hepatitis B virus by the human immunodeficiency virus (1989)
    Springer
    Rheumatology international 9 (1989), S. 175-179 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Hepatitis B virus ; Human immunodeficiency virus ; Interferon alpha ; Chronic hepatitis ; Hepatitis B ; Vaccination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Hepatitis B virus and the human immunodeficiency virus are similarly transmitted. Individuals with preexisting HIV infection have a higher chance to become HBsAg carriers than do anti-HIV negative persons. Cytotoxic T cells with specificity for HBcAg, that are under the control of HBcAg-specific helper T cells, are responsible for liver injury. There is good evidence that HIV infection lowers inflammatory activity, is associated with milder liver histology, high levels of viral replication and low seroconversion rates. In addition interferon alpha therapy is less effective in anti-HIV positive subjects. The immune response against HBsAg is helper T-cell dependent and vaccination against hepatitis B is of low effectiveness. In addition, vaccination against hepatitis B may activate the HIV disease and is, therefore, presently not to be recommended.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00271876
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sustained elimination of hepatitis B virus from serum induced in a patient with chronic hepatitis B and advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 72 (1994), S. 1030-1036 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Human immunodeficiency virus ; Hepatitis B virus ; Interferon-α ; Corticosteroid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A 48-year-old male patient was admitted with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (stage III, Centers for Disease Control 1993) and viremic hepatitis B. Blood CD4 count was 15/μl. Discontinuation of prednisolone, previously prescribed by the patient's family practitioner because of elevated liver enzymes, resulted in severe hepatitis (alanine aminotransferase 〉 300U/1). Administration of interferon-α, (9 × 106U s.c. 3 × weekly) was initiated. Serum markers of viral replication disappeared, and aminotransferase levels returned to normal within a few weeks. The patient's serum was found negative for HBsAg after 3 months. Immunohistochemical analysis of liver biopsies before and during interferon therapy showed disappearance of all hepatitis B virus antigens and a marked reduction in inflammatory activity. Hepatitis B virus seroconversion remained stable until the patient died from the syndrome 2 years later. This case shows that in spite of severe HIV-associated immune deficiency with CD4 counts constantly below 100/μl, interferon-α can lead to sustained serological and histological improvement of viremic hepatitis B. Previous administration and discontinuation of cortisone may have helped to reach this effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00577750
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