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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Small cell bronchogenic carcinoma ; Induction therapy ; Maintenance ; Remission rate ; Survival ; Kleinzelliges Bronchialkarzinom ; Induktionsbehandlung ; Erhaltungstherapie ; Remissionsraten ; Überlebenszeiten
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Seit Juli 1978 wurden 103 Patienten mit inoperablem kleinzelligem Bronchialkarzinom mit der Zytostatikakombination Adriamycin, Cyclophosphamid und Vincristin (ACO) behandelt. Im Stadium „limited disease“ (n=64) erfolgte während des zweiten Chemotherapiekurses eine prophylaktische Schädelbestrahlung, nach dem vierten eine konsolidierende thorakale Bestrahlung. Nach Erreichen einer kompletten Remission erhielten die Patienten prospektiv randomisiert Etoposid oder keine weitere spezifische Therapie. Ein objektives Ansprechen konnte bei 88/100 auswertbaren Patienten erzielt werden. Im Stadium „limited disease“ fanden sich 72%, im Stadium „extensive disease“ nur 33% komplette Remissionen. Im Stadium „limited disease“ betrug die hochgerechnete mediane Überlebenszeit 15,8, im Stadium „extensive disease“ 9,3 Monate (p〈0.005). Es leben noch 29 Patienten, 4 rezidivfrei länger als 24 Monate. Patienten mit kompletter Remission hatten eine statistisch signifikant (p〈0.001) längere Überlebenszeit als Patienten mit geringerem Ansprechen. Regelmäßig traten gastrointestinale und hämatologische Nebenwirkungen auf, drei Patienten starben während der Induktionsphase an Infektionen. Die kurzzeitige Induktionsbehandlung verbesserte jedoch den Krankheitsverlauf subjektiv und objektiv. Bisher ist kein positiver Effekt der zyklischen Etoposid-Gabe nach ACO festzustellen.
    Notes: Summary Since July 1978 one hundred and three consecutive patients with unresectable small cell bronchogenic carcinoma were treated with a combination of doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide and vincristine (ACO). In limited disease patients (64) the second chemotherapy course was followed by prophylactic cranial irradiation, the fourth by irradiation towards primary disease sites. Complete responders were randomised to either receive etoposide or no further maintenance therapy. Objective responses were reached in 88/100 evaluable patients, with 72% of complete remissions in limited-stage disease and 33% in extensive disease, respectively. The actuarial median survival time for limited disease patients was 15.8 months compared to 9.3 months in extensive disease (p〈0.005). 29 of the 100 patients remain still alive, 4 for more than 24 months without disease recurrence. The survival advantage of patients reaching complete remissions relative to those who did not is highly significant (p〈0.001). Acute gastrointestinal and hematological side effects were common, with possibly three drug-related deaths from infections during transient granulocytopenia (mean nadir: 600–900 cells/mm3). The present induction regimen using only four courses of chemotherapy produces high complete remission rates on roentgenography and bronchoscopy and improved survival in the majority of patients. Thus far any effectiveness of etoposide-maintenance therapy following ACO could not be substantiated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Key words Acute myeloid leukemia ; Cytosine arabinoside ; Idarubicin ; Induction therapy ; Karyotype
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  We treated 153 patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with two induction courses of conventional-dose cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) and idarubicin (AIDA) followed by either a third course of AIDA, high-dose ara-C or bone-marrow transplantation. The complete remission (CR) rate for all patients was 63.4%, with a higher CR rate for patients with a normal (versus unfavorable) karyotype (73.2% vs 52.5%;P=0.038). The probability of overall survival (OS) was 30.7% after 5 years (26.3% after 7 years). Improved OS at 5 years could be observed for patients up to 50 years old versus patients older than 50 years of age (37.6% vs 19.9%;P=0.001) and patients with a normal (versus unfavorable) karyotype (42.9% vs 14.1%;P=0.0016). Disease-free survival (DFS) after 5 years was 33.2% for all 97 CR patients and was significantly better for patients with a normal (versus unfavorable) karyotype (44.3% vs 12.3%;P=0.003). Multivariate analysis revealed that the age for OS (P〈0.02) and the karyotype for both OS (P〈0.03) and DFS (P〈0.05) were independent prognostic factors. In conclusion, AIDA is an effective and well-tolerated induction regimen (even in elderly patients) with a 5-year survival of more than 30% when combined with ara-C-containing postremission therapy. The karyotype is the most powerful prognostic factor for predicting the outcome of patients treated with this protocol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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