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  • Key words Kidney transplantation  (2)
  • Cerebral ultrasonography  (1)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 145 (1997), S. 114-116 
    ISSN: 1433-0474
    Schlagwort(e): Schlüsselwörter Nierentransplantation ; Varizellen ; Immunsuppression ; Key words Kidney transplantation ; Immunosuppression ; Varicella ; Chickenpox
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Summary We report the case of a seven year old girl presenting with varicella infection 14 days after kidney transplantation. Cramp-like abdominal pain and a subileus were the first symptoms. Enemas did not relieve the symptoms, and the following laparotomoy with Tenckhoff catheter explantation was performed which did not reveal any pathologic abnormalities. Two days after the beginning of abdominal pain an unspecific papular rash developed. Further twelve hours later skin vesicles appeared and varicella-zoster virus was isolated from their fluid. Despite high dose administration of aciclovir and varicella-zoster immune globulin further visceral dissemination occurred and finally lead to liver failure and intravascular coagulopathy. The patient died 18 days after kidney transplantation from multiorgan failure. Discussion: On the background of this lethal varicella infection we emphasize the complications and unusual manifestations in immunocompromised children. Therefore, active immunization is indicated in seronegative patients awaiting organ transplantation.
    Notizen: Zusammenfassung Wir berichten über ein 7 Jahre altes Mädchen, das 14 Tage nach einer Nierentransplantation an Varizellen erkrankte. Erste Symptome waren krampfartige Bauchschmerzen mit radiologischen Hinweisen auf einen Obturationssubileus bei Obstipation. Als nach abführenden Maßnahmen keine Besserung auftrat, wurde eine Probelaparotomie mit Entfernung des Tenckhoff-Dialysekatheters durchgeführt. Dabei zeigte sich kein pathologischer Befund, insbesondere fanden sich keine Briden. Zwei Tage nach Beginn der abdominalen Symptomatik trat ein zunächst uncharakteristisches Exanthem auf. Aus den sich in den nächsten 12 h entwickelnden Bläschen konnte Varicella-Zoster-Virus isoliert werden. Trotz hochdosierter Gabe von Aciclovir und Varicella-Zoster-Immunglobulin entwickelte sich ein fulminantes Leberversagen mit Verbrauchskoagulopathie. Die Patientin verstarb am 18. postoperativen Tag trotz intensiver supportiver Therapie im Multiorganversagen. Diskussion: Vor dem Hintergrund dieser letalen Varizelleninfektion wird auf die Komplikationen und die teilweise untypischen Verläufe von Windpocken bei immunsupprimierten Kindern hingewiesen. Eine aktive Impfung ist daher bei seronegativen Patienten vor einer geplanten Organtransplantation zu fordern.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Pediatric cardiology 15 (1994), S. 159-162 
    ISSN: 1432-1971
    Schlagwort(e): Cerebral ultrasonography ; Cardiac surgery ; Infants
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Cerebral ultrasonography was performed in 66 infants before and after open heart surgery in order to study the incidence of cerebral complications. The underlying cardiac malformations were ventricular septal defect (n=28), transposition of the great arteries (n=11), tetralogy of Fallot (n=8), complete atrioventricular septal defect (n=5), total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage (n=3), truncus arteriosus communis (n=2), and complex cardiac malformations (n=9). In 60 of the 66 infants ultrasonography of the brain preoperatively was normal, 3 had minor structural abnormalities, and 3 had ventriculomegaly of various degrees. Postoperatively, 46 infants had a normal brain ultrasound scan; 6 had slight structural abnormalities; and 5 had slight symmetric or asymmetric widening of the ventricles. Five infants showed severe ventriculomegaly with cerebral atrophy, and in 4 patients there was intracerebral hemorrhage, associated in 2 cases with severe ventriculomegaly. On repeat examinations it was found that up to 4 weeks after the operation an initially normal cerebral ultrasound scan could convert to a pathologic one. Most of those children who showed significant deterioration on the cerebral ultrasound scan suffered from complex cardiac malformations or had severe problems during the postoperative period.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Kidney transplantation ; Graft survival ; Infant ; Children preschool
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Between 1975 and 1994, 46 children under 6 years of age received a total of 52 renal transplants. Obstructive uropathy and dysplasia accounted for most causes of terminal renal failure (17 and 12 cases respectively). Four patients required a second, 1 patient a third transplantation. Cadaveric organs were used on 33 occasions; 19 patients received a living-related donor kidney. Immunosuppression was performed with azathioprine in 5, with cyclosporine A in 21 and combined azathioprine/cyclosporine therapy in 20 cases. After 1 year, graft survival was 81%, and after 5 years 78%. Creatinine clearance declined slightly between 1 and 5 years from 69 to 56 ml/min per 1.73 m2. Main causes of graft failure were thrombotic complications in 6 cases and death with functioning graft in 5 cases. Graft thrombosis occurred only in grafts from young donors under the age of 7 years and after vascular anastomosis to the iliac vessels. Only two transplants were lost in rejection episodes. Patient survival was 94% after 1 and 90% after 5 years. Two patients died due to septiacemia, 1 died of a ruptured aortic aneurysm, 1 of cerebral ischaemia and 1 suddenly of unknown cause. Patient and graft survival was not different compared with 204 patients aged 6–16 years who received a renal transplantation during the same time period at our institution. After transplantation the patients receiving cyclosporine A showed a marked catch-up growth in the 1st year. The median standard deviation score (SDS) of body length improved from −2.63 to −1.39 standard deviations. Conclusion Renal transplantation is the treatment of choice in end-stage renal failure in children under 6 years.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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