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  • Lipid peroxidation  (2)
  • $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{{\text{2max}}} }$$  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Exercise training protects against contraction-induced lipid peroxidation in the diaphragm (1999)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 79 (1999), S. 268-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Key words Fatigue ; Antioxidant enzymes ; Non-protein thiols ; Lipid peroxidation ; Oxidative stress
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Endurance exercise training promotes a small but significant increase in antioxidant enzyme activity in the costal diaphragm (DIA) of rodents. It is unclear if these training-induced improvements in muscle antioxidant capacity are large enough to reduce oxidative stress during prolonged contractile activity. To test the hypothesis that training-related increases in DIA antioxidant capacity reduces contraction-induced lipid peroxidation, we exercise trained adult female Sprague-Dawley (n = 7) rats on a motor-driven treadmill for 12 weeks at ≈ 75% maximal O2 consumption (90 min/day). Control animals (n = 8) remained sedentary during the same 12-week period. After training, DIA strips from animals in both experimental groups were excised and subjected to an in vitro fatigue contractile protocol in which the muscle was stimulated for 60 min at a frequency of 30 Hz, every 2 s, with a train duration of 330 m. Compared to the controls, endurance training resulted in an increase (P 〈 0.05) in diaphragmatic non-protein thiols and in the activity of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase. Following the contractile protocol, lipid peroxidation was significantly lower (P 〈 0.05) in the trained DIA compared to the controls. These data support the hypothesis that endurance exercise training-induced increases in DIA antioxidant capacity protect the muscle against contractile-related oxidative stress.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004210050505
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Short-term exercise training improves diaphragm antioxidant capacity and endurance (2000)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 81 (2000), S. 67-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Key words Diaphragm ; Oxidative stress ; Fatigue ; Lipid peroxidation ; Antioxidants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract These experiments tested the hypothesis that short-term endurance exercise training would rapidly improve (within 5 days) the diaphragm oxidative/antioxidant capacity and protect the diaphragm against contraction-induced oxidative stress. To test this postulate, male Sprague-Dawley rats (6 weeks old) ran on a motorized treadmill for 5 consecutive days (40–60 min · day−1) at approximately 65% maximal oxygen uptake. Costal diaphragm strips were excised from both sedentary control (CON, n=14) and trained (TR, n=13) animals 24 h after the last exercise session, for measurement of in vitro contraction properties and selected biochemical parameters of oxidative/antioxidant capacity. Training did not alter diaphragm force-frequency characteristics over a full range of submaximal and maximal stimulation frequencies (P 〉 0.05). In contrast, training improved diaphragm resistance to fatigue as contraction forces were better-maintained by the diaphragms of the TR animals during a submaximal 60-min fatigue protocol (P 〈 0.05). Following the fatigue protocol, diaphragm strips from the TR animals contained 30% lower concentrations of lipid hydroperoxides compared to CON (P 〈 0.05). Biochemical analysis revealed that exercise training increased diaphragm oxidative and antioxidant capacity (citrate synthase activity +18%, catalase activity +24%, total superoxide dismutase activity +20%, glutathione concentration +10%) (P 〈 0.05). These data indicate that short-term exercise training can rapidly elevate oxidative capacity as well as enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses in the diaphragm. Furthermore, this up-regulation in antioxidant defenses would be accompanied by a reduction in contraction-induced lipid peroxidation and an increased fatigue resistance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00013799
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxygen uptake kinetics in trained athletes differing in $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{{\text{2max}}} }$$ (1985)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 54 (1985), S. 306-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Oxygen uptake kinetics ; $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{{\text{2max}}} }$$ ; Exercise metabolism ; Trained athletes ; Gas exchange
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Previous work has shown that when $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}} }$$ kinetics are compared for endurance trained athletes and untrained subjects, the highly trained athletes have a faster response time. However, it remains to be determined whether the more rapid adjustment of $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}} }$$ toward steady state in athletes is due to $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{{\text{2max}}} }$$ differences or training adaptation alone. One approach to this problem is to study the time course of $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}} }$$ kinetics at the onset of work in athletes who differ in $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{{\text{2max}}} }$$ but have similar training habits. Therefore, the purpose of these experiments was to compare the time course of $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}} }$$ kinetics at the onset of exercise in athletes with similar training routines but who differ in $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{{\text{2max}}} }$$ . Ten subjects ( $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{{\text{2max}}} }$$ range 50–70 ml · kg−1 · min−1) performed 6-minutes of cycle ergometer exercise at ∼50% $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{{\text{2max}}} }$$ . Ventilation and gas exchange were monitored by open circuit techniques. The data were modeled with a single component exponential function incorporating a time delay, (T D ); $$\Delta \dot V_{{\text{O}}_{{\text{2}}f} } = \Delta \dot V_{{\text{O}}_{2ss} } {\text{ (1}} - e^{ - t - T_D /_{\tau )} }$$ , where Τ is the time constant $$\Delta \dot V_{{\text{O}}_{{\text{2}}f} }$$ is the increase in $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}} }$$ at time t and $$\Delta \dot V_{{\text{O}}_{{\text{2ss}}} }$$ is the steady-rate increment above resting $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}} }$$ . Kinetic analysis revealed a range of $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}} }$$ half times from 21.6 to 36.0 s across subjects with a correlation coefficient of r=−0.80 (p〈0.05) between $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{{\text{2max}}} }$$ and $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}} }$$ half time. These data suggest that in highly trained indicivuals with similar training habits, those with a higher $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{{\text{2max}}} }$$ achieve a more rapid $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}} }$$ adjustment at the onset of work.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00426150
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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