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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reaction of Müller cells after increased intraocular pressure in the rat retina (1998)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 121 (1998), S. 419-424 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Key words Glial fibrillary acidic protein ; Müller cell ; Increased intraocular pressure ; Retina ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Using light microscopy and immunocytochemistry, we investigated the morphological changes of retinal tissues and the reaction of Müller cells in the ischemic rat retina induced by increasing intraocular pressure. At early stages (from 1 h to 24 h after reperfusion), cells in the ganglion cell layer and in the inner nuclear layer showed some degenerative changes, but at later stages (from 72 h to 4 weeks) marked degenerative changes occurred in the outer nuclear layer (ONL). At 4 weeks after reperfusion, the ONL was reduced to 1 or 2 cell layers. Immunoreactivity for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) appeared in the endfeet and distal processes of Müller cells as of 1 h after reperfusion. GFAP immunoreactivity in Müller cells increased up to 2 weeks and then decreased at 4 weeks after reperfusion. Our findings suggest that Müller cells are involved in the pathophysiology of retinal ischemia through the expression of GFAP. The degree of GFAP expression in Müller cells closely correlated with that of the degeneration of retinal neurons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002210050476
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Double-labeling techniques demonstrate that rod bipolar cells are under GABAergic control in the inner plexiform layer of the rat retina (1998)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 292 (1998), S. 17-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words Retina ; Rod bipolar cells ; Amacrine cells ; Protein kinase C ; Glutamic acid decarboxylase ; GABA ; Synaptic circuitry ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The synaptic connectivity between rod bipolar cells and GABAergic neurons in the inner plexiform layer (IPL) of the rat retina was studied using two immunocytochemical markers. Rod bipolar cells were stained with an antibody specific for protein kinase C (PKC, α isoenzyme), and GABAergic neurons were stained with an antiserum specific for glutamic-acid decarboxylase (GAD). Some amacrine cells were also labeled with the anti-PKC antiserum. All PKC-labeled amacrine cells examined showed GABA immunoreactivity, indicating that PKC-labeled amacrine cells constitute a subpopulation of GABAergic amacrine cells in the rat retina. A total of 150 ribbon synapses established by rod bipolar cells were observed in the IPL. One member of the postsynaptic dyads was always an unlabeled AII amacrine cell process, and the other belonged to an amacrine-cell process showing GAD immunoreactivity. The majority (n=92) (61.3%) of these processes made reciprocal synapses back to the axon terminals of rod bipolar cells. In addition, 78 conventional synapses onto rod bipolar axons were observed, and among them 52 (66.7%) were GAD-immunoreactive. Thus GABA provides the major inhibitory input to rod bipolar cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410051030
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Light- and electron-microscopic study of substance P-immunoreactive neurons in the guinea pig retina (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 281 (1995), S. 261-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Amacrine cells ; Substance P ; Immunore-activity ; Synaptic circuitry ; Guinea pig
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Substance P (SP) immunoreactivity in the guinea pig retina was studied by light and electron microscopy. The morphology and distribution of SP-immunoreactive neurons was defined by light microscopy. The SP-immunoreactive neurons formed one population of amacrine cells whose cell bodies were located in the proximal row of the inner nuclear layer. A single dendrite emerged from each soma and descended through the inner plexiform layer toward the ganglion cell layer. SP-immunoreactive processes ramified mainly in strata 4 and 5 of the inner plexiform layer. SP-immunoreactive amacrine cells were present at a higher density in the central region around the optic nerve head and at a lower density in the peripheral region of the retina. The synaptic connectivity of SP-immunoreactive amacrine cells was identified by electron microscopy. SP-labeled amacrine cell processes received synaptic inputs from other amacrine cell processes in all strata of the inner plexiform layer and from bipolar cell axon terminals in sublamina b of the same layer. The most frequent postsynaptic targets of SP-immunoreactive amacrine cells were the somata of ganglion cells and their dendrites in sublamina b of the inner plexiform layer. Amacrine cell processes were also postsynaptic to SP-immunoreactive neurons in this sublamina. No synaptic outputs onto the bipolar cells were observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00583395
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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