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  • Electron microscopy  (4)
  • Median eminence  (4)
  • Macrophages  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron microscopy of the arcuate nucleus of normal and 5-hydroxydopamine treated cats (1975)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 160 (1975), S. 139-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Arcuate nucleus, cat ; Dense-cored vesicles ; Dopamine ; 5-Hydroxydopamine treatment ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The arcuate nucleus of normal cats and of cats treated with 5-hydroxydopamine (5-OHDA) was investigated by electron microscopy. The neurons of the arcuate nucleus were classified into three types, clear, intermediate and dark, according to their fine structure. The clear type contained numerous dense-cored vesicles and well developed cell organelles. All three types were frequently seen to be partially surrounded by glial processes. Many axo-somatic and axo-dendritic synapses mostly small in diameter were also observed around the neurons. Synaptic contacts were demonstrated between axon endings and axonal processes which contained elementary granules. After administration of 5-OHDA small and large dense-cored vesicles appeared in the nerve endings surrounding the neurons. The relationship between the dense-cored vesicles in the perikarya and dopamine was briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00220574
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The zinc iodide-osmium tetroxide (ZIO) reaction on nerve endings in the median eminence of the rat under normal and experimental conditions (1976)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 173 (1976), S. 279-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Median eminence ; Rat ; Monoamine ; ZIO reaction ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The reaction of nerve endings in the median eminence of the rat to zinc iodide-osmium tetroxide (ZIO) staining was examined electron microscopically under normal and experimental conditions. The experimental condition of catecholamine exhaustion in the nerve endings was induced by the administration of H44/68 and reserpine. Vesicles in the terminals of catecholaminergic nerves reacted similarly to ZIO staining in both normal and experimental material. The majority of synaptic vesicles in various terminals gave a positive ZIO reaction. The neurosecretory elementary granules, however, failed to react with ZIO. On the other hand, some nerve terminals in the external layer of the median eminence showed a strong positive reaction in the cytoplasmic matrix, in mitochondria as well as in synaptic vesicles. These findings strongly suggest that the ZIO-positive substance in nerve terminals is not the transmitter itself, i.e. the monoamine, but rather represents a range of substances commonly found in various kinds of synaptic vesicles and is probably proteinaceous in nature. A brief discussion is also given on the difference in ZIO reactivity between neurosecretory elementary granules and small vesicles in the hypothalamo-hypophyseal tract.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00220316
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Demonstration of the tuberoinfundibular tract of the cat (1976)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 168 (1976), S. 289-301 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Arcuate nucleus, cat ; Median eminence ; Dopaminergic tubero ; infundibular tract ; Stereotaxic lesions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The distribution of dopaminergic nerve cells in the cat hypothalamus, particularly in the arcuate and periventricular nuclei, and the projections of their axons were studied by fluorescence and electron microscopy after electrothermic coagulation. The majority of these perikarya were located in the arcuate nucleus and the periventricular nucleus dorsocaudal to the optic chiasma. Large lesions caused a wide and diffuse depletion of dopamine fluorescence within the external layer; small lesions caused ipsilateral partial depletion of the dopamine fluorescence. Electron microscopic observations in animals with a lesioned arcuate nucleus revealed that in the external layer degenerating nerve terminals are engulfed by glial processes. In some cases nerve fibers had entirely disappeared and a heavy reactive proliferation of glial processes was observed. Persistence of the form of the median eminence in spite of the extensive degeneration of its nervous elements is considered to depend upon this glial proliferation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00215307
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The sympathetic innervation of the ciliary body and trabecular meshwork of the cat (1976)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 173 (1976), S. 261-269 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Cat ; Ciliary body ; ‘False’ transmitters ; Fluorescence histochemistry ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ciliary body of the cat was investigated by fluorescence histochemistry and electron microscopy in an attempt to clarify its sympathetic innervation. Subconjunctival doses of 5-hydroxydopamine (5-OHDA) or 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) were given to establish the precise location of the sympathetic nerve terminals. The distribution of noradrenergic fibers and terminals was shown by fluorescence histochemistry to be sparse in the trabecular meshwork and the anterior portion of the ciliary muscle, but dense in the subepithelial tissue. The small and large dense core vesicles which occur in many nerve endings of the subepithelial tissue adjacent to the pigmented epithelial layer increased in electron density following the administration of 5-OHDA. Many degenerating nerve endings were found in the same region of animals treated with 6-OHDA. In contrast, there were few noradrenergic terminals in the ciliary muscle except for a portion of the smooth muscle which was shown to be dually innervated. The noradrenergic fibers in the subepithelial region and the trabecular meshwork may play an important role in aqueous secretion and outflow.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00221379
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlative ontogenetic development of catecholamine- and LHRH-containing nerve endings in the median eminence of the rat (1981)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 216 (1981), S. 31-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Median eminence ; Rat ; Ontogeny ; LHRH ; Catecholamines
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ontogenetic development of catecholamine (CA)-and LHRH-containing nerve endings in the median eminence of the rat was investigated by combining fluorescence histochemistry and immunohistochemistry in the same tissue section. LHRH-terminals appeared earlier than CA-terminals and were already detectable in the lateral part of the external layer of the central ME on the first day after birth. CA-nerve endings were first seen in a corresponding region of the ME on the seventh postnatal day. At this stage both types of terminals showed the earliest manifestation of a correlative pattern of their distribution. Subsequently the development of both types of nerve endings proceeded rapidly, and at 14 days their distribution pattern corresponded to that in adult animals. The authors conclude that at this stage the CA-neurons play a constant and significant role in the release of LHRH into the portal capillaries. The correlation between both types of nerve endings and the ontogenetic development of the capillary plexuses of the hypophysial portal system is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00234542
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological studies on neuroglia (1981)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 216 (1981), S. 557-568 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Electron microscopy ; Neuroglia ; Silver impregnation ; Brain ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The silver-impregnation procedure of Tsujiyama is suitable for demonstration of all three classical types of neuroglial cells; in the present study it was used for electron microscopic identification of neuroglial cells in the brain of the cat. The aim of the present study was 1) to determine impregnated structural correlates of neuroglial cells at the light- and electron-microscopic levels, and 2) to determine whether the method of Tsujiyama is applicable for the electron microscopic identification of the single types of neuroglial cells. Silver deposits were observed over the cytoplasm and processes of astrocytes where numerous glial filaments were present. Oligodendrocytes and microglial cells may be precisely differentiated by use of Tsujiyama's silver impregnation method at the electron microscopic level due to the pattern of silver-deposition in these two basic types of cells. This silver-impregnation method combined with electron microscopy is thus suitable for a precise identification of neuroglial cells; the technique may prove to be very helpful in identification of such categories of neuroglial cells that encompass also the images of cells which cannot be classified by use of the standard methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00238651
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differences in the distributional pattern of CRF-, oxytocin-, and vasopressin-immunoreactive nerve fibers in the median eminence of the rat (1983)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 230 (1983), S. 247-258 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: CRF ; Oxytocin ; Vasopressin ; Immunohistochemistry ; Median eminence ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Conspicuous differences in the distributional pattern of nerve fibers containing corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) or posterior lobe hormones, respectively, were shown in the median eminence of the adult male rat by means of immunoperoxidase histochemistry, with the use of anti-CRF, anti-oxytocin, and anti-vasopressin sera. In the rostral and central divisions of the median eminence, a high concentration of CRF-immunoreactive nerve fibers was found in the median portion of the external layer; these fibers terminated on the capillary loops of the hypophysial portal system. In the caudal division of the median eminence, the CRF-immunoreactive nerve fibers were located in the median to paramedian portions of the external layer. Numerous oxytocin- and vasopressin-immunoreactive nerve fibers were observed evenly distributed throughout the internal layer of the median eminence. In the external layer, a small number of the oxytocin- and vasopressin-containing nerve fibers was found around the capillary loops, particularly in the median to paramedian portions. The distributional patterns of the CRF and the posterior lobe hormones in the hypothalamo-hypophysial system and their functional interrelationship are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00213803
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological and functional peculiarities of mesenchymal cells in the pars tuberalis of the pituitary gland (1980)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 206 (1980), S. 171-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Pituitary gland ; Reticuloendothelial system ; Macrophages ; Horseradish peroxidase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Following injection of high doses of horseradish peroxidase (HRP), mesenchymal cells distributed in the perisinusoidal space of the pars tuberalis of the hypophysis in cats, rabbits and Japanese quails, sequester the exogenously administrated peroxidase intensively. These cells are designated by the authors as “horseradish peroxidase-uptake cells” (HRP-uptake cells or HUC). HRP-uptake cells constitute a system of macrophages in the pars tuberalis of mammals and birds, and are located around the hypophysial portal veins. HRP-uptake cells differ in morphological and functional characteristics from similar cells in other parts of hypophysis. They are thought to play a role in the hypothalamic control of adenohypophysial secretion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00232761
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological studies on neuroglia (1981)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 218 (1981), S. 75-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Microglia ; Macrophages ; Chemical lesion ; Kainic acid ; Hippocampus ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Light-and electron-microscopic investigations of kainic acid-induced lesions revealed a marked macrophage response and “microgliocytosis”. The hematogenous origin of reactive elements, such as brain macrophages and “microglia-like reactive cells”, was demonstrated when blood phagocytes were labeled with carbon particles or horseradish peroxidase prior to induction of the kainic acid-lesion. The induced lesion showed a proliferation of microglial cells, which led to a state of “microgliocytosis” in the later stage of lesioning. Since it is now generally accepted that microglial cells in the state of “microgliocytosis” are derived from the “microglia-like reactive cells”, proliferated microglial cells in the brain lesions are probably of hematogenous origin. The relationships among the brain macrophages, the “microglia-like reactive cells” and the intrinsic microglial cells are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00210092
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