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  • Mandelic and phenylglyoxylic acid excretion kinetics  (1)
  • Mercury, inorganic, subcellular distribution  (1)
  • Phenylglyoxylic acid  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 61 (1988), S. 107-113 
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Mandelic and phenylglyoxylic acid excretion kinetics ; Styrene accumulation ; Styrene industrial exposure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The excretion kinetics of mandelic and phenylglyoxylic acids investigated over three subsequent days after cessation of styrene inhalation could be expressed by biphasic functions, similar for both metabolities; the half-times for the first and the second phases were 2.5 and 30 h, respectively. The possibility of styrene accumulation in exposure repeated daily was assessed by kinetic modelling; it appears negligible if measurements are based on urine samples collected at the end of the working shift. The above contention has been examined in workers exposed to styrene in the polyester industry: concentrations of styrene in air monitored continuously varied from 26 to 130 mg/m3. The relationship between styrene concentration and rate of urinary excretion of the total amount of mandelic and phenylglyoxylic acids was rectilinear and demonstrated a reasonable agreement between experimental and industrial data. The trends of concentrations within the day and week gave no indication of substantial styrene cumulation under repeated industrial exposure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 57 (1985), S. 57-69 
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Styrene ; Mandelic acid ; Phenylglyoxylic acid ; Inhalation exposure ; Exposure test
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Volunteers (six men and one woman) were exposed by inhalation to styrene within the concentration range of 20 to 200 mg/m3. The average retention of styrene vapours in the respiratory tract was 71%. The yield of styrene metabolism measured within 24 h was 39 and 17% for mandelic acid and phenylglyoxylic acid, respectively. The determination of mandelic acid in urine collected immediately after the exposure was applied as exposure test. The excretion rate of this metabolite assured the best correlation with the absorbed dose. The relative standard deviations of the test related to acutal dose level vary, depending on the analysed concentration range, from 0.21 to 0.33. Quantitative interpretation of the test is possible for styrene concentrations in the air exceeding 20 mg/m3. The concentration amounting to 100 mg/m3 (TI-V) corresponds with the mandelic acid excretion rate of 15 mg per hour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 37 (1976), S. 57-66 
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Mercury, inorganic, subcellular distribution ; Mercury, inorganic, biocomplexes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Anorganisches Quecksilber, Ratten in einer einzelnen Dose von 0,5 mg Hg/kg verabreicht, wurde in den Nieren vorwiegend in der löslichen (54%) und in der Kern-Fraktion (30%) angereichert, und in beiden Fraktionen wurde eine zeitabhängige Abnahme festgestellt. In der mitochondrialen und mikrosomalen Fraktion, in denen zuerst ca. 11 und 6% Quecksilber gefunden wurde, konnte über die erste Woche eine zunehmende Tendenz festgestellt werden. In der löslichen Fraktion waren die metallothionein-ähnlichen Eiweißstoffe von niedrigem Molekulargewicht vorwiegend für die Bindung von Quecksilber verantwortlich. In anderen Zell-Fraktionen war Quecksilber meistens an Eiweiß-stoffe von hohem Molekulargewicht gebunden.
    Notes: Abstract Inorganic mercury, administered to rats in a single dose of 0.5 mg Hg/kg is accumulated in the kidneys mainly in the soluble (54%) and nuclear (30%) fractions, showing decreasing tendency with time. Mitochondrial and microsomal fractions, initially accumulating approx. 11 and 6% of total Hg, show a tendency to increase the absolute level of Hg for the first week after administration. In the soluble fraction low-molecular weight, metallothioneinlike proteins are mainly responsible for the accumulation of mercury, in other fractions proteins of higher molecular weight prevail.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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