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  • Microglia  (2)
  • Spinal cord compression  (2)
  • seededpolymerization  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Targeting of adoptively transferred experimental allergic encephalitis lesion at the sites of Wallerian degeneration (1990)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 80 (1990), S. 521-526 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Major histocompatibility complex class II ; Wallerian degeneration ; Microglia ; Autoimmune disease ; Experimental allergic encephalitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To clarify the implication of the major histocompatibility complex class II (Ia) antigen induction in microglia following Wallerian degeneration in the central nervous system (CNS), experimental allergic encephalitis (EAE) was adoptively transferred to Lewis rats in which Ia antigens had been induced in microglia at the sites of Wallerian degeneration. In addition to randomly distributed typical EAE lesions, the recipient rats developed distinct inflammatory lesions in accord with the distribution of Ia-positive microglia; i.e., in the ipsilateral thalamus after cortical cryoinjury, and in the ipsilateral optic nerve, the contralateral optic tract and superior colliculus after unilateral eye ball enucleation. Thus, the EAE locus may be targeted by this approach. The inflammatory response was inducible by transfer of myelin basic protein-stimulated lymphocytes but not by transfer of phytohemagglutinin-stimulated or non-stimulated lymphocytes. When examined using monoclonal antibody surface markers; OX-6 for Ia antigen, W3/13 for pan T lymphocyte and OX-8 for cytotoxic/suppresser T lymphocyte, the types of lymphocytes in these lesions did not differ from those in ordinary EAE lesions in the spinal cord. The potential role of non-immunologically induced Ia-positive cell clusters that serve as a target for autoimmune CNS diseases was discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00294613
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ia-expressing microglial cells in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in rats (1989)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 77 (1989), S. 472-479 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Major histocompatibility complex ; Ia antigens ; Microglia ; Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Monoclonal antibodies (MRC OX-6 and OX-17) recognized three types of cells expressing Ia antigen during the course of acute experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) in rats. In earlier stages of the disease, in animals with or without paralysis, Ia antigens were mostly localized to subarachnoidal and perivascular lymphocytic and histiocytic cell infiltrates, possibly serving as antigen-presenting cells. On the other hand, in convalescent rats, Ia antigens were expressed in a large number of cells with dendritic processes heavily populating the spinal gray matter. The appearance of these Ia-expressing cells in the convalescent stage coincided with the development of degenerating axon terminals in the spinal gray matter. These Ia-expressing cells possessed morphological features characteristic of microglia and were positive for ML-1 lectin but did not express glial fibrillary acidic protein. Immune electron microscopy disclosed the presence of Ia reaction products in the Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane of these cells with dendritic processes, indicating active synthesis of Ia molecules in microglia. In addition, Ia antigens were localized to the cells with ultrastructural features of macrophages. Thus, Ia-expressing cells in EAE seems to play dual roles: the induction of immunological reactions during earlier stages and the participation in reparative processes during convalescence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00687248
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A reappraisal of the diagnosis in cervical disc disease: the posterior longitudinal ligament perforated or not (1986)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 28 (1986), S. 215-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Cervical disc disease ; Myelography ; Spinal cord compression ; X-ray computed tomography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Herniated nuclear material of the cervical disc often perforates the posterior longitudinal ligament. Of 22 patients who were operated on by an anterior approach, 10 were of this type (the subligamentous type of cervical disc protrusion), while in the remaining 12 patients and 15 discs the protruded disc caused no tear in the ligament (the epiligamentous type). Myelography and CT myelography of these patients were reviewed. On CT myelography a localized and sharply demarcated excavation of the metrizamide ring was commonly found in the subligamentous type. Myelographic lateral view in this group shows a moderate or large indentation of the metrizamide column, since the herniated nucleus pulposus sometimes migrates caudally or cephalically. A small myelographic deformity coupled with diffuse excavation of the metrizamide ring on a CT myelogram leads us to the diagnosis of the epiligamentous type of cervical disc protrusion. In such cases, excision of the ligament is unnecessary during exploration of the discs, except when there is marked depression in the posterior longitudinal ligament. Presurgical recognition of both anatomical processes must be stressed for anterior discectomy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00548195
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High resolution computed tomography in the diagnosis of cervical disc disease (1983)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 24 (1983), S. 253-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: X-ray computed tomography ; Spinal cord compression ; Spinal osteophytosis ; Spinal nerve root
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In this study, the authors evaluate the importance of computed tomography (CT) in 15 patients who underwent surgical treatment for cervical disc disease. In nine operated on by an anterior approach, all CT examinations were interpreted as positive for disc herniation and correlated precisely with surgical observations. CT demonstrated protrusion of the disc, centrally in four and posterolaterally in five in all of whom disc material was found posterior to the vertebral body. Of six who underwent laminectomy, either thickening or calcification of the ligamentum flavum was demonstrated by CT and confirmed at surgery in five. Vacuum phenomenon in the intervertebral space and hypertrophy of the intervertebral joint were not infrequently associated. CT can exactly delineate cervical disc lesions and associated pathological changes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00333176
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimation of distribution of vinyl groups in micron-sized monodisperse polymer microspheres by bromine titration method (1991)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 269 (1991), S. 1126-1132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Polymeremulsion ; microsphere ; vinylgroup ; brominetitration ; dispersionpolymerization ; seededpolymerization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The distribution of vinyl groups in polystyrene/poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) (PS/P(S-DVB)) composite microspheres produced by seeded copolymerization of S and DVB in the presence of 2.1-μm monodisperse PS seed particles was estimated from the amount detected with bromine titration method as a function of the reaction time under various conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00654120
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation of micron-size monodisperse polymer microspheres having cationic groups (1992)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 270 (1992), S. 733-737 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Polymeremulsion ; microsphere ; chloromethylgroup ; polyamine ; cationicgroup ; dispersionpolymerization ; seededpolymerization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Micron-size monodisperse crosslinked polymer microspheres having chloromethyl groups were prepared by seeded copolymerization of styrene, divinylbenzene, and chloromethylstyrene in the presence of 2.1-μ monodisperse polystyrene seed particles produced by dispersion polymerization. The modification reaction of chloromethyl groups on the surfaces with polyamines such as triethylenetetramine and ethylenediamine was carried out. From the measurements of ξ potential and the amount of chloride ion released, the introduction of a large number of cationic groups at the surfaces was confirmed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00776143
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