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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sexual differences in the topographical distribution of serotonergic fibers in the anterior column of rat lumbar spinal cord (1984)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 170 (1984), S. 117-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Sexual dimorphism ; Serotonin fibers ; Lumbar cord ; Cremaster ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sexual dimorphism in the topographical organization of immunoreactive serotonergic fibers has been shown for the first time in the anterior column of the rat lumbar cord. A characteristic preferential arrangement of serotonergic fibers on the small cell column composed of anterior horn motoneurons, which have been proved to send their axons to the cremaster muscle, was demonstrated at the lumbar segments (L1–L2) of male rats, using the immunoperoxidase technique with antiserum against serotonin. A similar finding was also observed in female rats, but was less prominent than in males. Comparative analysis of the cell numbers and the size of neuronal somata of the aforementioned nucleus, done using retrograde transport of fluorescent dye (DAPI) via axonal fibers coursing down the genitofemoral nerve to the cremaster muscle, gave significantly larger values in males. The sexual difference in the serotonergic innervation pattern was, in consequence, surmised to be caused by the cytoarchitectonic contrast ascertained in the lumbar anterior column. Furthermore, there may be a striated muscle endowed with some active functions homologous to those of the male cremaster muscle in the female rat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00318995
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Retrotransposition of a plant SINE into the wx locus during evolution of rice (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 38 (1994), S. 132-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Plant SINE ; retroposon ; Rice evolution ; wx locus ; Oryza sativa ; PCR ; Repetitive sequences
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A new type of plant retroposon, p-SINE1, has been found in the wx locus of rice (Oryza sativa). It has some structural characteristics similar to those of mammalian SINEs, such as members of the Alu or Bl family. In order to estimate the time at which the integration of p-SINE1 into a single locus occurred during rice evolution, we examined the distribution of two members of p-SINE1 in several species of the Oryza genus by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We found that one member of p-SINE1 (p-SINE1-r2) in the ninth intron of the wx + gene was present only in two closely related species, O. sativa and O. rufipogon, and was not present in the other species carrying the AA genome within the Oryza genus. This result indicates that p-SINE1-r2 was integrated into the wx locus after O. sativa and O. rufipogon had diverged from other species with the AA genome. In contrast to p-SINE1-r2, another member (p-SINE1-rl) located in the untranslated 5′-region of the wx + gene was present not only in all species with the AA genome but also in species with a different genome (CCDD). This result suggests that p-SINE1-rl was integrated into that position prior to the genomic divergence. Thus, it appears that each member of p-SINE1 was retroposed at a specific site at a different time during rice evolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00166160
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Is an egg-killer present in rice? (1993)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 86 (1993), S. 1038-1042 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Oryza sativa ; Indica-Japonica hybrid ; Hybrid sterility ; Female sterility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The genetic model for hybrid sterility that an allelic interaction at the S 5 locus induces the abortion of megaspores has been proposed as partial clarification of the wide compatibility in Asian rice cultivars; this model predicts the presence of an egg-killer. The present study was carried out in order to confirm that the proposed S 5 i allele acts as an egg-killer against its counterpart, the S 5 j allele, in the Indica-Japonica hybrid. A conspicuous feature of an egg-killer is the high rate of its transmission into the progeny through the egg. Backcrossing experiments were conducted using the Indica-Japonica hybrid in which the S 5 i and S 5 j alleles were assumed to be involved. Although an egg-killer was easily identified by these backcross experiments, it was not detected in the Indica-Japonica hybrid, which suggests that the proposed genetic mechanism for hybrid sterility in Asian rice should be viewed with caution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00211059
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential regulation of waxy gene expression in rice endosperm (1984)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 68 (1984), S. 467-473 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Oryza sativa ; O. glaberrima ; Wx gene expression ; Amylose content ; Electrophoresis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In order to examine the effects of different alleles on the gene expression at the waxy locus, the Wx gene product which controls the synthesis of amylose was isolated from endosperm starch of rice plants and analysed by electrophoretic techniques. The major protein bound to starch granules was absent in most of waxy strains and increased with the number of Wx alleles in triploid endosperms, suggesting that the major protein is the Wx gene product. In addition to wx alleles which result in the absence or drastic reduction of the Wx gene product and amylose, differentiation of Wx alleles seemed to have occurred among nonwaxy rice strains. At least two Wx alleles with different efficiencies in the production of the major protein as well as amylose were detected. These alleles are discussed in relation to regulation of the gene expression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00254822
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunohistochemical study on the localization of serotonin fibers and terminals in the spinal cord of the monkey (Macaca fuscata) (1983)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 229 (1983), S. 23-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Serotonin fibers ; Spinal cord ; Immunohistochemistry ; Monkey (Macaca fuscata)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A modified procedure of PAP-immunohistochemistry with the use of a rabbit antiserum against serotonin was applied to investigate the pattern of serotonin-containing nerve fibers in the spinal cord of the monkey, Macaca fuscata. The majority of descending serotonin fibers in the white matter is located immediately below the pia mater in the ventrolateral funiculi. Lamina I and the outer zone of lamina II are supplied with numerous serotonin fibers. In the intermediate gray, two prominent bundles composed of longitudinal fibers, i.e., lateral and medial longitudinal serotonin bundles, were recognized at the lateral column and in the vicinity of the central canal, respectively. The motoneurons of the anterior horn are encompassed by fine networks of serotonin fibers and terminals. The results obtained from studies with the monkey spinal cord closely resemble those characteristic of the dog spinal cord as presented in a previous paper, except for portions of the lumbar level. In segments L3–L4, intercalated cell groups between the medial and lateral motor nuclei receive particularly rich inputs of serotonin fibers in the same manner as the neurons of the nucleus intermediolateralis. This peculiar finding may suggest the presence of a specialized nucleus in the anterior column of the simian and also human spinal cord.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00217878
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunohistochemical study on the distribution of serotonin fibers in the spinal cord of the dog (1982)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 226 (1982), S. 477-491 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Serotonin fibers ; Spinal cord ; Immunohistochemistry ; Dog
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Distribution of serotonin fibers in the spinal cord of the dog was investigated by means of a modified PAP method; a rabbit anti-serotonin serum prepared in the laboratory of the authors was used in this study. Serotonin fibers were revealed as PAP-positive dark-brown elements displaying dot-like varicosities (0.5–2.0 μm in diameter). In the spinal cord of the dog, the distribution of serotonin fibers is extensive. These fibers occur more densely in more caudal segments and are most prominent at the sacrococcygeal level. From the level of the cervical spinal cord to the upper lumbar region, the descending serotonin fibers are located immediately under the pia mater in the ventrolateral portion of the lateral funiculus. In more caudal segments, serotonin fibers are dispersed throughout the ventral and lateral funiculi. These longitudinal en passage-fibers send numerous transverse collaterals to the gray matter. Serotonin fibers are distributed abundantly in the laminae I and III of the posterior column, while only a few fibers are found in the lamina II (substantia gelatinosa). In the intermediate zone, two descending serotonin pathways, i.e., lateral and medial longitudinal bundles, are observed to coincide topographically with the nucleus intermediolateralis at C8(T1)-L3(L4) and the nucleus intermediomedialis at C1-Co respectively. The former is particularly prominent and communicates with the contralateral bundle via commissural bundles at intervals of 300–500 μm. The large motoneurons in the anterior column, especially those in the nucleus myorabdoticus lateralis within the cervical and lumbar enlargements, are closely surrounded by fine networks of serotonin fibers and terminals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00214778
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