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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    B-chromosomes in inbred lines of rye (Secale cereale L.) (1996)
    Springer
    Genetica 97 (1996), S. 65-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Keywords: Secale cereale ; rye ; B chromosomes ; inbred lines ; pairing ; pollen mitosis ; transmission genotypes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract B chromosomes from an experimental population of the Japanese JNK strain of rye, isogenic for its Bs, have been backcrossed into twelve different inbred lines. The experiment is a way of studying the effects of the Bs against a range of different homozygous A chromosome backgrounds. This publication deals with pairing effects of both the As and the Bs, and their interactions, and with pollen mitosis. At meiosis there is a genotypic component to B effects, and they do not appear to act solely through a physical disturbance within the nucleus. In pollen the Bs are always present in more than 50% of the grains regardless of their pairing behaviour during meiosis; this result fits with a ‘parasitic’ model of the activity of rye Bs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00132582
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of rye B-chromosome structure using fluorescencein situ hybridization (FISH) (1995)
    Springer
    Chromosome research 3 (1995), S. 466-472 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6849
    Keywords: B chromosome ; DNA sequence composition ; fluorescencein situ hybridization ; repetitive sequence ; Secale cereale ; translocations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Fluorescencein situ hybridization (FISH) has been used to analyse the structure of the rye B chromosome. Genomicin situ hybridization (GISH) demonstrates the high level of overall similarity between A and B chromosomes of rye, as well as the presence of a number of specific sequences. The B-specific repeat families D1100 and E3900 have been analysed in terms of their physical location and possible contiguity. Rye Bs contain members of the rye-specific dispersed repetitive family R173, as well as centromeric regions similar to those of the As. The B chromosomes analysed in our study lack detectable rDNA sequences. Anomalous results have been obtained with a number of subtelomeric repetitive probes from rye. Bs usually lack these sequences, but evidence is presented that in some cases A–B translocation events may relocate such sequences from the As to the Bs. These data are discussed in the context of current models for the origin of the B chromosome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00713960
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Painting rye B chromosomes in wheat: interphase chromatin organization, nuclear disposition and association in plants with two, three or four Bs (1996)
    Springer
    Chromosome research 4 (1996), S. 195-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6849
    Keywords: B chromosomes ; genomicin situ hybridization ; nuclear architecture ; Secale cereale ; Triticum aestivum cv ; Lindström
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The B chromosomes (Bs) of rye (Secale cereale) have been studied at interphase in terms of their chromatin organization, patterns of nuclear disposition and physical association in plants with two, three, and four Bs. The study was made in the Lindström strain of hexaploid wheat, which carries the rye Bs as an addition line, byin situ hybridization with a B-specific probe and by genomicin situ hybridization (GISH) with rye genomic DNA, enabling whole chromosome painting. Repetive sequences common to the As and Bs of rye allow for visualization of the rye B at interphase in the wheat background. A B-specific probe enables the orientation of two or more Bs to be determined, and the combination of both probes used together gives information on the disposition of the Bs and on their patterns of physical association within the nucleus. The Bs form linear ‘strings’, and the ends of their long arms, which can be detected by the B-specific probe, are usually located within the hemisphere of the nucleus that has the least condensed chromatin. There is dose-dependent association, and even numbers (2B, 4B) have a greater preference for association than odd ones (3B).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02254959
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interphase arrangement of rye B chromosomes in rye and wheat (1997)
    Springer
    Chromosome research 5 (1997), S. 177-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6849
    Keywords: B chromosomes ; interphase chromosome arrangement ; meiosis ; Secale cereale ; Triticum aestivum cv. Lindstro¨m
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Probes for B chromosome-specific sequences in the distal region of the long arm of the rye B have been used to investigate the interphase arrangement of the Bs in rye and in hexaploid wheat. The Lindstro¨m strain of wheat carries the rye Bs as additions. The number of in situ signals in nuclei with two, three and four Bs is often less than the maximum B number, and it seems that the Bs may be grouped together in various ways rather than being randomly dispersed throughout the nucleus. The degree of physical association is greater in rye than in the alien wheat background. The results are discussed in relation to the pairing and recombination preferences of the Bs in rye and in Lindstro¨m wheat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018442830112
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    B-chromosomes in inbred lines of rye (Secale cereale L.) (1994)
    Springer
    Genetica 92 (1994), S. 149-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Keywords: Secale cereale ; rye ; B-chromosomes ; fitness ; inbred lines ; parasitic Bs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract B-chromosomes from an experimental population of the Japanese JNK strain of rye, isogenic for its Bs, have been backcrossed into twelve different inbred lines. The experiment provides a way to study the effects of the Bs against a range of homozygous A-chromosome backgrounds. This publication deals with vigour and fertility: it shows that the rye Bs fit a parasitic model, and that they interact in their effects with the A-chromosome background genotype.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00132533
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phenytoin-induced connective tissue growth in the rat (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 215 (1986), S. 99-105 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Rats were treated daily for 9 days with 100, 50, or 25 mg/kg phenytoin i.p. This treatment resulted in a significant increase in the thickness of the connective tissue capsules of the liver, spleen, and pancreas, and of the subepithelial connective tissue of the mesentery but not the epicardium or visceral pleura of the lung where exposure to the drug was via the vascular route. Many areas of connective tissue growth exhibited obvious proliferation of fibroblasts and in some areas contained seemingly large numbers of macrophages and an increase in vascularity. It was demonstrated by electron microscopy that the macrophages occasionally were seen in intimate contact with the fibroblasts.Our observations clearly showed that intraperitoneal exposure of visceral connective tissues of the rat to phenytoin rapidly resulted in a dose-related proliferation of that tissue. The presence of numerous macrophages leads to the suggestion that macrophage-derived growth factor could be responsible for the increased growth.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092150203
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intracellular signal transduction mechanisms of rat epididymal spermatozoa and their relationship to motility and metabolism (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 38 (1994), S. 77-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Cauda epididymidis ; Sperm activation ; Calcium ions ; Guanylate cyclase ; Adenylate cyclase ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The role of intracellular signal transduction mechanisms in regulating the motility and metabolism of rat spermatozoa in undiluted caudal epididymal fluid (CEF) was examined. Samples of CEF containing immotile spermatozoa were exposed to drugs and other agents that either stimulate signal transduction pathways or mimic the action of their second messengers. Under these conditions, sperm motility in 25-30 nl of CEF was stimulated by calcium ions (Ca2+), N,2′ -O-dibutyryl-guanosine 3′:5′ -cyclic monophosphate (dibutryl cGMP), cyclic adenosine 3′:5′-monophosphate (cAMP), N6,2′-O-dibutyryladenosine 3′:5′ -cyclic monophosphate (dibutyryl cAMP), 8-bromoadenosine 3′:5′ -cyclic monophosphate (8-bromo cAMP), caffeine, theophylline and bicarbonate ions (HCO3-). Other agents such as magnesium ions (Mg2+), veratridine, phospholipase C (PLC), ionophore A23187, 1,2-dioctenoyl-sn-glycerol (DAG), phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, phospholipase A2 (PLA2), arachidonic acid, and melittin did not significantly influence motility. In the presence of radiolabelled energy substrates, untreated (immotile) spermatozoa in samples of CEF utilised D-[U-14C]glucose and [1-14C]acetate as exogenous energy sources for oxidative metabolism. No detectable 14C-lactate was produced, and none of the drugs altered the rate of glycolytic or oxidative metabolism. The findings suggest that the motility of rat caudal epididymal spermatozoa is regulated by Ca2+ and the guanylate cyclase and adenylate cyclase pathways, but not through the PLC and PLA2 pathways. Also, their metabolism of exogenous substrate was uncoupled from the induction of motility, and their oxidative capacity exceeded the rate of flux of glucose-carbon through the glycolytic pathway. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080380113
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of low Mr Zona Pellucida binding proteins from boar spermatozoa and seminal plasma (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 33 (1992), S. 108-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Zona binding proteins ; Seminal plasma ; Fertilization ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A group of low Mr (16 kDa - 23 kDa) glycoproteins on ejaculated boar spermatozoa have been shown to have high affinity for homologous zona pellucida glycoproteins (ZPGPs). These ZPGP binding proteins are derived from seminal plasma as shown by their absence from epididymal spermatozoa and their presence in seminal plasma as identified by N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis. They bind to ZPGPs by a polysulphate recognition mechanism similar to that found for proacrosin-ZPGP interactions. The haemagglutination activity of boar seminal plasma is also associated with these low Mr glycoproteins. It is suggested that they play a role in regulating the rate of sperm capacitation and survival in the female reproductive tract. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080330115
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antigens on rat spermatozoa with a potential role in fertilization (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 25 (1990), S. 286-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Monoclonal antibodies ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Eight monoclonal antibodies (McAbs), directed against antigens on rat cauda epididymal spermatozoa, were tested for their capacity to interfere with fertilization in vitro as a means of identifying molecules a potential role in sperm-egg recognition and fusion. Antigens recognized by the McAbs were visualized on live spermatozoa by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) and characterized by immunoblotting. Five McAbs (designated 1B5, 2C4, 4B5, 5B1, and 8C4) recognized antigens specifically on the sperm acrosome and three (designated 2B1, 2D6, and 6B2) bound to the flagellum. Of the eight McAbs investigated, three (2B1, 2C4, and 6B2) were effective in blocking fertilization in vitro when added as culture supernalants to mixtures of sperm and eggs. McAb 6B2 was inhibitory due to its ability to agglutinate spermatozoa. McAbs 2B1 and 2C4 did not agglutinate capacitated spermatozoa, had no observable effect on motility, and yet blocked fertilization in a dose-dependent manner. McAb 2C4 did not give a reaction on immunoblots, but the 2B1 antigen was identified as an Mr 40 kD glycoprotein. McAb 2B1 appeared to block fertilization at the level of zona binding, whereas the effects of 2C4 were directed more against zone penetration and/or fusion with the vitellus. When sperm-egg complexes were stained with 2C4 or 2B1 McAbs and viewed by IIF, all spermatozoa that were attached to the zona showed fluorescence on the head. These results suggest that different antigens on the rat sperm head participate in different aspects of the fertilization process and that during capacitation there is either exposure of these antigens or else they migrate to their site of action from the flagellum.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080250311
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of alterations in the external sodium concentration on human leucocyte sodium and potassium transport in vitro (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 109 (1981), S. 323-332 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Human leucocytes incubated in tissue culture fluid of low-sodium concentration (2 mM; iso-osmolarity maintained with choline chloride) reached a new equlibrium within 1 hour and lost approximately 25% of intracellular potassium and 70% of intracellular sodium. The rate constant for ouabainsensitive sodium efflux fell by more than 50% and the ouabain-insensitive rate constant increased nearly threefold in the low-sodium medium. Total sodium efflux fell in proportion to internal sodium whereas ouabain-insensitive sodium efflux remained unchanged. A reduction in external sodium from 140 to 2 mM was associated with a 75% fall in sodium influx. In the low-sodium medium ouabainsensitive potassium influx exceeded ouabain-sensitive sodium efflux and no ouabain-sensitive potassium efflux could be demonstrated. Ouabain-insensitive potassium influx and that portion of potassium efflux which is dependent on external potassium fell in parallel in low-sodium cells, suggesting reduced activity of a ouabain-insensitive K:K exchange system.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041090216
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