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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 166 (1983), S. 155-168 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Serotonin ; Neocortex ; Visual cortex ; Monkey ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Using a peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunohistochemical method, the distribution of serotonin nerve fibers was studied in the neocortex of the monkey (Macaca fuscata). All layers of the neocortex showed evidence of serotonin fibers, both fine and thick. Unlike the distribution in rodents, different patterns of distribution were noted in each neocortex of the primate. Among the cortical areas — area 4, 3-1-2, 17, 18, 41 and 42 — the primary visual cortex (area 17) contained the highest density of immunoreactive fibers, while the primary motor cortex (area 4) possessed the lowest concentration. The most outstanding finding was a dense and laminar distribution of serotonin fibers in area 17, particularly within the upper portion of layer IVc. In area 3-1-2, 18, 41 and 42, a fairly uniform density of immunoreactive fibers was observed across the six cortical layers, apart from a relatively dense plexus of fine serotonin fibers in layer IV.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 167 (1983), S. 311-319 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Serotonin ; Circumventricular organs ; Rat ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Serotonin-immunoreactive structures in the circumventricular organs (organum vasculosum laminae terminalis, subfornical organ, subcommissural organ and area postrema) of the rat were demonstrated using a modified peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunohistochemical method. Various densities of serotonin fibers were demonstrated in all four circumventricular organs; however, serotonin-positive cells were evident in the area postrema only after nialamide treatment. Serotonergic supraepedymal fibers were observed on the surface of the organum vasculosum laminae terminalis and that of the subfornical organ, but not on the subcommissural organ and area postrema. The serotonergic plexus of the basal portion of the subcommisural organ was considered to be continuous with the supraependymal plexus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Serotonin ; Striatum ; Globus pallidus ; Mammals (rat, cat,Macaca fuscata) ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The distribution of serotonin-containing nerve fibers in the corpus striatum of the rat, cat and monkey was studied with modified peroxidase-antiperoxidase method using serotonin antiserum without any pretreatment. In the neostriatum (caudate nucleus and putamen) of all mammalian species investigated, the immunoreactive fibers were distinct varicose fibers in a fine network. The concentration of these fibers was high in the ventral, medial and caudal neostriatum. Especially in the area bounded by the globus pallidus, serotonin fibers were abundant and compactly arranged along the nucleus. In this area of the monkey, a few thick fibers (tract fibers) were intermingled; they ran along the lateral medullary lamina. Such tract fibers were also observed outside the medial medullary lamina and in the central portion of the medial pallidal segment. The paleostriatum (globus pallidus and entopeduncular nucleus) of the rat and cat as well as the medial pallidal segment of the monkey was diffusely innervated with serotonin fibers composed of numerous varicosities and fine intervaricose segments, while in the lateral pallidal segment of the monkey, the distribution of fibers was scantly and partial. Our results hint at the morphological basis of the serotonergic regulation of the extrapyramidal system in mammals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Serotonin ; Substantia nigra ; Mammals (rat, cat, Macaca fuscata) ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The distribution of serotonin-containing nerve fibers in the substantia nigra of the rat, cat and monkey was studied with a highly sensitive peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunohistochemical method. Serotonin fibers in the substantia nigra of all species consisted of fine varicose fibers and formed a fine network. In the zona compacta of all species, serotonin fibers were sparsely distributed. In the zone reticularis of the rat and cat, these fibers were densely distributed and their distributional pattern was almost uniform, while in the monkey such fibers were unevenly distributed and high and low dense areas were intermingled. In the pars lateralis of all species, serotonin fibers were diffusely distributed, and the distributional density was much higher in the cat and monkey than in the rat. Immunoelectron-microscopic studies further revealed that a majority of the labeled varicosities in the rat substantia nigra were in close apposition to peridendritic axon terminals and were also free in the neuropil; occasionally they exhibited symmetrical synapses of “en passant” type with non-immunoreactive dendrites or somata. Our results support a functional significance of serotonergic regulation of the substantia nigra in mammals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 167 (1983), S. 321-333 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Serotonin ; Immunohistochemistry ; Brainstem ; Motoneuron ; Monkey
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A comparative study of serotonergic innervation on motoneurons in the brainstem of various mammals (mouse, rat, guinea pig, dog, cat and monkey) was carried out using a sensitive immunohistochemical method. Except for the extraocular muscle nuclei, the motor nuclei of the cranial nerves received rich inputs from serotonin neurons, in all species examined — rodent, carnivore and primate. The motoneurons of the monkey were innervated by varicose serotonin fibers, in a manner different from that of other species, i.e. their cell bodies and proximal dendrites were tightly encircled by a large number of serotonin-containing varicose fibers. At the ultrastructural level, a predominant population of axosomatic contacts was confirmed in the cranial motor nuclei of the monkey, particularly in the nucleus ambiguus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 170 (1984), S. 117-121 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Sexual dimorphism ; Serotonin fibers ; Lumbar cord ; Cremaster ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sexual dimorphism in the topographical organization of immunoreactive serotonergic fibers has been shown for the first time in the anterior column of the rat lumbar cord. A characteristic preferential arrangement of serotonergic fibers on the small cell column composed of anterior horn motoneurons, which have been proved to send their axons to the cremaster muscle, was demonstrated at the lumbar segments (L1–L2) of male rats, using the immunoperoxidase technique with antiserum against serotonin. A similar finding was also observed in female rats, but was less prominent than in males. Comparative analysis of the cell numbers and the size of neuronal somata of the aforementioned nucleus, done using retrograde transport of fluorescent dye (DAPI) via axonal fibers coursing down the genitofemoral nerve to the cremaster muscle, gave significantly larger values in males. The sexual difference in the serotonergic innervation pattern was, in consequence, surmised to be caused by the cytoarchitectonic contrast ascertained in the lumbar anterior column. Furthermore, there may be a striated muscle endowed with some active functions homologous to those of the male cremaster muscle in the female rat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Serotonin fibers ; Spinal cord ; Immunohistochemistry ; Monkey (Macaca fuscata)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A modified procedure of PAP-immunohistochemistry with the use of a rabbit antiserum against serotonin was applied to investigate the pattern of serotonin-containing nerve fibers in the spinal cord of the monkey, Macaca fuscata. The majority of descending serotonin fibers in the white matter is located immediately below the pia mater in the ventrolateral funiculi. Lamina I and the outer zone of lamina II are supplied with numerous serotonin fibers. In the intermediate gray, two prominent bundles composed of longitudinal fibers, i.e., lateral and medial longitudinal serotonin bundles, were recognized at the lateral column and in the vicinity of the central canal, respectively. The motoneurons of the anterior horn are encompassed by fine networks of serotonin fibers and terminals. The results obtained from studies with the monkey spinal cord closely resemble those characteristic of the dog spinal cord as presented in a previous paper, except for portions of the lumbar level. In segments L3–L4, intercalated cell groups between the medial and lateral motor nuclei receive particularly rich inputs of serotonin fibers in the same manner as the neurons of the nucleus intermediolateralis. This peculiar finding may suggest the presence of a specialized nucleus in the anterior column of the simian and also human spinal cord.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 224 (1982), S. 247-267 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Serotonin ; Brainstem ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rat ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The morphological characteristics and distribution of the somata of serotonin-containing neurons in the brainstem of rats and cats were studied by use of the peroxidase-anti peroxidase (PAP) immunohistochemical method employing highly specific antibodies to serotonin. Antibodies were raised in rabbits against an antigen prepared by coupling serotonin to bovine thyroglobulin and using formaldehyde as the coupling reagent. The distribution pattern of serotonin neurons observed in the present material is essentially in agreement with that described by other investigators who used the Falck-Hillarp method. In addition, this immunohistochemical technique revealed serotonin-containing perikarya in the following regions: 1) the periaqueductal gray, especially lateral to the nucleus raphe dorsalis, 2) the nucleus interpeduncularis, 3) the nucleus parabrachialis ventralis and dorsalis, 4) the field of the lemniscus lateralis, and 5) the reticular formation of the pons and medulla oblongata. The described immunohistochemical procedure makes it possible to study central serotonin neurons in detail without pharmacological pretreatment. The wide distribution of serotonin neurons demonstrated in this study should be considered when interpreting experiments dealing with the serotonin system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 226 (1982), S. 477-491 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Serotonin fibers ; Spinal cord ; Immunohistochemistry ; Dog
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Distribution of serotonin fibers in the spinal cord of the dog was investigated by means of a modified PAP method; a rabbit anti-serotonin serum prepared in the laboratory of the authors was used in this study. Serotonin fibers were revealed as PAP-positive dark-brown elements displaying dot-like varicosities (0.5–2.0 μm in diameter). In the spinal cord of the dog, the distribution of serotonin fibers is extensive. These fibers occur more densely in more caudal segments and are most prominent at the sacrococcygeal level. From the level of the cervical spinal cord to the upper lumbar region, the descending serotonin fibers are located immediately under the pia mater in the ventrolateral portion of the lateral funiculus. In more caudal segments, serotonin fibers are dispersed throughout the ventral and lateral funiculi. These longitudinal en passage-fibers send numerous transverse collaterals to the gray matter. Serotonin fibers are distributed abundantly in the laminae I and III of the posterior column, while only a few fibers are found in the lamina II (substantia gelatinosa). In the intermediate zone, two descending serotonin pathways, i.e., lateral and medial longitudinal bundles, are observed to coincide topographically with the nucleus intermediolateralis at C8(T1)-L3(L4) and the nucleus intermediomedialis at C1-Co respectively. The former is particularly prominent and communicates with the contralateral bundle via commissural bundles at intervals of 300–500 μm. The large motoneurons in the anterior column, especially those in the nucleus myorabdoticus lateralis within the cervical and lumbar enlargements, are closely surrounded by fine networks of serotonin fibers and terminals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 235 (1984), S. 703-705 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Enterochromaffin cells ; Serotonin ; Immunohistochemistry ; Man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The morphology of enterochromaffin (EC) cells in the human fundic mucosa was investigated at the lightmicroscopic level by means of the unlabeled peroxidase anti-peroxidase method, with the use of a highly specific anti-serotonin serum. EC-cells in the human fundic mucosa were sparsely distributed below the neck portion of the gland, but were found to be rather numerous in its lower half. Immunohistochemistry revealed marked pleomorphic and seemingly polynuclear EC-cells or cells with long, sometimes multipolar cytoplasmic processes. In addition, luminal contacts and contiguity between EC-cells, or interglandular connections were also encountered. The present immunohistochemical procedure permits, for the first time, a clear-cut morphological visualization of the entire population of EC-cells, and reveals the distinctive morphological features of these cells in the human fundic mucosa. These morphological findings imply that EC-cells in the fundic mucosa may be crucial in gastric function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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