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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 166 (1983), S. 155-168 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Serotonin ; Neocortex ; Visual cortex ; Monkey ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Using a peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunohistochemical method, the distribution of serotonin nerve fibers was studied in the neocortex of the monkey (Macaca fuscata). All layers of the neocortex showed evidence of serotonin fibers, both fine and thick. Unlike the distribution in rodents, different patterns of distribution were noted in each neocortex of the primate. Among the cortical areas — area 4, 3-1-2, 17, 18, 41 and 42 — the primary visual cortex (area 17) contained the highest density of immunoreactive fibers, while the primary motor cortex (area 4) possessed the lowest concentration. The most outstanding finding was a dense and laminar distribution of serotonin fibers in area 17, particularly within the upper portion of layer IVc. In area 3-1-2, 18, 41 and 42, a fairly uniform density of immunoreactive fibers was observed across the six cortical layers, apart from a relatively dense plexus of fine serotonin fibers in layer IV.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 167 (1983), S. 311-319 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Serotonin ; Circumventricular organs ; Rat ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Serotonin-immunoreactive structures in the circumventricular organs (organum vasculosum laminae terminalis, subfornical organ, subcommissural organ and area postrema) of the rat were demonstrated using a modified peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunohistochemical method. Various densities of serotonin fibers were demonstrated in all four circumventricular organs; however, serotonin-positive cells were evident in the area postrema only after nialamide treatment. Serotonergic supraepedymal fibers were observed on the surface of the organum vasculosum laminae terminalis and that of the subfornical organ, but not on the subcommissural organ and area postrema. The serotonergic plexus of the basal portion of the subcommisural organ was considered to be continuous with the supraependymal plexus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Serotonin ; Striatum ; Globus pallidus ; Mammals (rat, cat,Macaca fuscata) ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The distribution of serotonin-containing nerve fibers in the corpus striatum of the rat, cat and monkey was studied with modified peroxidase-antiperoxidase method using serotonin antiserum without any pretreatment. In the neostriatum (caudate nucleus and putamen) of all mammalian species investigated, the immunoreactive fibers were distinct varicose fibers in a fine network. The concentration of these fibers was high in the ventral, medial and caudal neostriatum. Especially in the area bounded by the globus pallidus, serotonin fibers were abundant and compactly arranged along the nucleus. In this area of the monkey, a few thick fibers (tract fibers) were intermingled; they ran along the lateral medullary lamina. Such tract fibers were also observed outside the medial medullary lamina and in the central portion of the medial pallidal segment. The paleostriatum (globus pallidus and entopeduncular nucleus) of the rat and cat as well as the medial pallidal segment of the monkey was diffusely innervated with serotonin fibers composed of numerous varicosities and fine intervaricose segments, while in the lateral pallidal segment of the monkey, the distribution of fibers was scantly and partial. Our results hint at the morphological basis of the serotonergic regulation of the extrapyramidal system in mammals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Serotonin ; Substantia nigra ; Mammals (rat, cat, Macaca fuscata) ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The distribution of serotonin-containing nerve fibers in the substantia nigra of the rat, cat and monkey was studied with a highly sensitive peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunohistochemical method. Serotonin fibers in the substantia nigra of all species consisted of fine varicose fibers and formed a fine network. In the zona compacta of all species, serotonin fibers were sparsely distributed. In the zone reticularis of the rat and cat, these fibers were densely distributed and their distributional pattern was almost uniform, while in the monkey such fibers were unevenly distributed and high and low dense areas were intermingled. In the pars lateralis of all species, serotonin fibers were diffusely distributed, and the distributional density was much higher in the cat and monkey than in the rat. Immunoelectron-microscopic studies further revealed that a majority of the labeled varicosities in the rat substantia nigra were in close apposition to peridendritic axon terminals and were also free in the neuropil; occasionally they exhibited symmetrical synapses of “en passant” type with non-immunoreactive dendrites or somata. Our results support a functional significance of serotonergic regulation of the substantia nigra in mammals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 167 (1983), S. 321-333 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Serotonin ; Immunohistochemistry ; Brainstem ; Motoneuron ; Monkey
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A comparative study of serotonergic innervation on motoneurons in the brainstem of various mammals (mouse, rat, guinea pig, dog, cat and monkey) was carried out using a sensitive immunohistochemical method. Except for the extraocular muscle nuclei, the motor nuclei of the cranial nerves received rich inputs from serotonin neurons, in all species examined — rodent, carnivore and primate. The motoneurons of the monkey were innervated by varicose serotonin fibers, in a manner different from that of other species, i.e. their cell bodies and proximal dendrites were tightly encircled by a large number of serotonin-containing varicose fibers. At the ultrastructural level, a predominant population of axosomatic contacts was confirmed in the cranial motor nuclei of the monkey, particularly in the nucleus ambiguus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 224 (1982), S. 247-267 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Serotonin ; Brainstem ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rat ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The morphological characteristics and distribution of the somata of serotonin-containing neurons in the brainstem of rats and cats were studied by use of the peroxidase-anti peroxidase (PAP) immunohistochemical method employing highly specific antibodies to serotonin. Antibodies were raised in rabbits against an antigen prepared by coupling serotonin to bovine thyroglobulin and using formaldehyde as the coupling reagent. The distribution pattern of serotonin neurons observed in the present material is essentially in agreement with that described by other investigators who used the Falck-Hillarp method. In addition, this immunohistochemical technique revealed serotonin-containing perikarya in the following regions: 1) the periaqueductal gray, especially lateral to the nucleus raphe dorsalis, 2) the nucleus interpeduncularis, 3) the nucleus parabrachialis ventralis and dorsalis, 4) the field of the lemniscus lateralis, and 5) the reticular formation of the pons and medulla oblongata. The described immunohistochemical procedure makes it possible to study central serotonin neurons in detail without pharmacological pretreatment. The wide distribution of serotonin neurons demonstrated in this study should be considered when interpreting experiments dealing with the serotonin system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 235 (1984), S. 703-705 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Enterochromaffin cells ; Serotonin ; Immunohistochemistry ; Man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The morphology of enterochromaffin (EC) cells in the human fundic mucosa was investigated at the lightmicroscopic level by means of the unlabeled peroxidase anti-peroxidase method, with the use of a highly specific anti-serotonin serum. EC-cells in the human fundic mucosa were sparsely distributed below the neck portion of the gland, but were found to be rather numerous in its lower half. Immunohistochemistry revealed marked pleomorphic and seemingly polynuclear EC-cells or cells with long, sometimes multipolar cytoplasmic processes. In addition, luminal contacts and contiguity between EC-cells, or interglandular connections were also encountered. The present immunohistochemical procedure permits, for the first time, a clear-cut morphological visualization of the entire population of EC-cells, and reveals the distinctive morphological features of these cells in the human fundic mucosa. These morphological findings imply that EC-cells in the fundic mucosa may be crucial in gastric function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Hypothalamus ; Serotonin ; Neuroendocrine regulation ; Monkey (Macaca fuscata) ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The distributional pattern of serotonin-containing nerve fibers in the hypothalamus of the monkey (Macaca fuscata) was analyzed with the use of the peroxidaseantiperoxidase method in conjunction with a highly sensitive and specific anti-serotonin serum. The highest concentrations of serotonin-immunoreactive varicose fibers were found in the nucleus praeopticus medialis, nucleus ventromedialis hypothalami, and the complex of mammillary nuclei (nucleus praemamillaris, supramamillaris, mamillaris medialis et lateralis). However, the nucleus suprachiasmaticus, where numerous serotoninergic fibers have been reported to occur in the rat, appeared to be almost devoid of these fibers. The infundibular stalk, and the intermediate and posterior lobes of the pituitary contained considerable numbers of immunoreactive fibers. The present study provides a morphological basis for possible clarification of the influence of serotoninergic projections on various neuroendocrine mechanisms in primates. Furthermore, an attempt was made to clarify the differences and similarities concerning the distributional patterns of serotoninergic nerve fibers within the monkey hypothalamus in contrast to the rat hypothalamus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 234 (1983), S. 237-248 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Serotonin ; Vasopressin ; Immunohistochemistry ; Suprachiasmatic nucleus ; Mammals (rat, hamster, cat, Macaca fuscata)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The distribution of serotonin- and vasopressin immunoreactivities in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of four mammalian species was studied with the use of the modified peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) method and antisera to serotonin and vasopressin. In the SCN of the rat, hamster and cat, we noted a large number of serotoninimmunoreactive nerve fibers particularly in the ventral area, where these fibers containing small varicosities (less than 1μm in diameter) formed a dense plexus. In the monkey (Macaca fuscata), however, only few serotonin-containing fibers were evident throughout the SCN. Vasopressin-immunoreactive somata and fibers were distributed in large numbers in the SCN of the rat, hamster, cat and monkey, especially in the dorsal nuclear area. Regional and species-related differences of serotonin- and vasopressin distribution in the SCN were elucidated; possible functional differences between the ventral and dorsal areas of the SCN are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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