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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of cross prediction methods in a practical potato breeding programme (1988)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 76 (1988), S. 33-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Potatoes ; Solanum tuberosum ; Cross prediction ; Breeding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Most previous studies on cross prediction methods have examined relatively few crosses, particularly in relation to the numbers involved in most breeding programmes. In this paper the feasibility of using cross prediction methods was examined in a practical potato (Solanum tuberosum) breeding scheme by the analyses of progeny from 52 crosses. The variate considered was breeder's preference, a visual assessment made of the harvested tubers to estimate their commercial potential. The results showed that it was possible to identify the superior crosses. Cross prediction based simply on the mean preference scores, averaged over scorers and clones within progenies, estimated on seedlings or first clonal year plants, provided the best estimate of a progeny's performance in the third clonal generation. Predictions based on the expected proportion of clones that would transgress a given target value also provided a good indication of a progeny's potential. The poorest prediction was obtained by using the observed frequency of desirable clones in a progeny sample. The implications for potato breeding are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00288828
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic variation in the subunits of globulin-1 storage protein of French bean (1981)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 59 (1981), S. 83-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Phaseolus vulgaris ; Storage proteins ; Electrophoresis ; Genetic variation ; Banding types
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Charge and molecular weight heterogeneity of globulin-1 (G1) polypeptides of the bean, Phaseolus vulgaris L., were revealed by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Different bean cultivars were classified into three groups: ‘Tendergreen’, ‘Sanilac’, and ‘Contender’ on the basis of their protein subunit composition. Nine distinct major bands: α51,α49, α48.5,β48T, β48S, β47, γ45.5, γ45S, and γ45C, and two minor bands: γ46T and γ46S were found to account for the three profiles seen on one-dimensional SDS-PAGE. Two-dimensional analysis revealed these eleven protein bands to be composed of a minimum of fourteen distinct protein subunits. The ‘Tendergreen’ and ‘Sanilac’ types differ in their G1 polypeptide composition. The protein patterns of the ‘Contender’ types are intermediate, containing many protein subunits found in the patterns of the ‘Tendergreen’ and ‘Sanilac’ types suggesting a genetic and evolutionary relationship.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00285895
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fractionation of wheat gliadin and glutenin subunits by two-dimensional electrophoresis and the role of group 6 and group 2 chromosomes in gliadin synthesis (1981)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 59 (1981), S. 349-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; Glutenin ; Gliadin ; Electrophoresis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Subunits of wheat endosperm proteins have been fractionated by two-dimensional electrophoresis. To determine which subunits in the two-dimensional electrophoretic pattern belong to gliadin or glutenin the endosperm proteins have also been fractionated by a modified Osborne procedure and by gel filtration on Sephadex G-100 and Sepharose CL-4B prior to separation by two-dimensional electrophoresis. The control of production of five major grain protein subunits is shown to be determined by chromosomes 6A, 6B and 6D by comparing two-dimensional electrophoretic protein subunit patterns of aneuploid lines of the variety ‘Chinese Spring’. From these and previous studies it is concluded that some α, β and γ gliadins (molecular weights by SDS-PAGE 30,000 to 40,000) are specified by genes on the short arms of homoeologous Group 6 chromosomes, the ω gliadins (molecular weights by SDS-PAGE 50,000 to 70,000) are specified by genes on the short arms of homoeologous Group 1 chromosomes and the glutenin subunits (molecular weights by SDS-PAGE 〉 85,000) are specified by genes on the long arms of homoeologous Group 1 chromosomes. No major gliadins or glutenin subunits were absent when any of the chromosomes in homoeologous Groups 2, 3, 4, 5 or 7 were deleted. However two gliadins whose presumed structural genes are on chromosome 6D were absent in aneuploid stocks of ‘Chinese Spring’ carrying two additional doses of chromosome 2A. Two out of thirty-three intervarietal or interspecific chromosome substitution lines examined, involving homoeologous Group 2 chromosomes, lacked the same two gliadins. All the subunits in the other thirty-one chromosome substitution lines were indistinguishable from those in ‘Chinese Spring’. It is therefore concluded that the major variation affecting gliadin and glutenins in wheat is concentrated on the chromosomes of homoeologous Groups 1 and 6 but Group 2 chromosomes are candidates for further study. An endosperm protein controlled by chromosome 4D in ‘Chinese Spring’ is shown to be a high molecular weight globulin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00276448
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Linkage relationships between genes controlling seed proteins in French bean (1981)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 60 (1981), S. 251-259 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Phaseolus vulgaris ; Phaseolin ; Seed proteins ; Electrophoresis ; Linkage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The inheritance of phaseolin and globulin-2 (G2)/albumin polypeptides was investigated in crosses involving varieties which exhibited the three electrophoretic banding patterns of phaseolin found in French bean. ‘Total’ seed protein extracts of single seeds of the F1 and F2 generations from the crosses: ‘Sanilac’ × ‘Contender’, ‘BBL 240’ × ‘Contender’, and ‘Sanilac’ × ‘BBL 240’ were analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis. Segregation of the genes controlling phaseolin and G2/albumin polypeptides, and those controlling a further five groups of seed proteins (A, B, D, E, and F) were observed. No recombinant electrophoretic phenotypes were seen for phaseolin or G2/albumin polypeptides suggesting that the genes controlling each of these groups of polypeptides are closely linked and segregate like single Mendelian genes. The phaseolin genes and G2/albumin genes were not linked to each other. The group of genes controlling phaseolin polypeptides were linked to those controlling group B proteins, and those controlling G2/albumin polypeptides were linked to those controlling group F proteins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02342545
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bean lectins (1982)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 62 (1982), S. 263-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Phaseolus vulgaris ; Seed protein ; Lectins ; Electrophoresis ; Agglutination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Single seeds of over 100 bean cultivars were analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis. The cultivars could be classified into eight groups by virtue of their G2/albumin electrophoretic patterns: TG2, SG2, VG2, PrG2, BG2, MG2, PG2, and PiG2, The polypeptide compositions of these types were largely inter-related having particular polypeptides in common. It was possible to correlate the G2/albumin patterns with agglutinating activity of cow and rabbit blood cells as measured by the agglutination ratio (minimum concentration of extract required to agglutinate cow blood cells: minimum concentration of extract required to agglutinate rabbit blood cells). The active lectin polypeptides were identified by extracting lectins from agglutinated erythrocytes and by comparing the qualitative similarities and differences of the G2/albumin patterns and their agglutination activities. A reference catalogue of over 100 bean cultivars giving their phaseolin and G2/albumin electrophoretic patterns, and agglutination ratios is presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00276249
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cross prediction in a potato breeding programme by evaluation of parental material (1989)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 77 (1989), S. 246-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Solanum tuberosum ; Parental value ; Univariate cross prediction ; Mid-parent ; Mid-self value
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary It is shown that it is possible to obtain an indication of the parental value of heterozygous cultivars of potatoes for the characters breeders' preference, total tuber weight, mean tuber weight and number of tubers. Three methods of predicting the characteristics of progeny produced from particular parental cultivars were examined, namely: univariate cross prediction (based on mean and variance), mid-parent values and mid-self values. All provided some indication of which crosses would give superior progeny, but univariate cross prediction gave rankings which correlated most highly with observed performance in the second clonal year for the characters breeders' preference and total tuber weight. Interestingly, mid-self values gave the best predictions in the case of mean tuber weight and number of tubers. It is suggested that such predictions of ‘parental value’, especially when based on univariate cross prediction at the seedling stage, are worth carrying out in practical breeding programmes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00266194
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selection for yield and yield components in the early generations of a potato breeding programme (1986)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 73 (1986), S. 218-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Solanum tuberosum ; Selection efficiency ; Potato breeding ; Yield ; Yield components
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A number of unselected potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) clones were grown at two locations (a seed site and a ware site) in three consecutive years. The repeatability of total yield and yield components in the first two clonal years was compared with the same characters recorded in the third clonal year. Selection for yield in the first clonal year was only marginally more effective than a random reduction in number of genotypes, while selection in the second clonal year appeared to be somewhat more effective as judged by performance in the third clonal year. The inefficiency of selection in the first clonal year was ascribed, at least in part, to the inaccuracy of yield assessment as well as the “carry-over” effect of the mother tubers. Correlations of total yield were higher between different years in the same location than between different locations. Selection under growing conditions suitable for production of seed tubers tended to result in selection of early maturing clones which would not necessarily be optimal for ware growing conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00289277
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison between single plant plots and five plant plots for the initial selection stage of a potato breeding programme (1987)
    Springer
    Euphytica 36 (1987), S. 711-718 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Solanum tuberosum ; potato ; single plant selection ; potato breeding ; selection efficiency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The efficiency of single plant selection in the initial selection stage of a potato breeding programme was examined. A random sample of potato clones was grown in single plant plots and also in tworeplicates of five plant plots. After harvest, each plot was visually assessed by three potato breeders; total tuber weight and number of tubers per plant were also recorded, from which mean tuber weight was calculated. The error variances of the single plant plots were found to be significantly greater than from the five plant plots for total tuber weight, mean tuber weight and number of tubers per plant, but not significantly different for breeders' preference. Coefficients of correlation between single and five plants plots were significantly greater than zero for all traits examined, but they were lower than the corresponding correlations between the two replicates of five plant plots. Although a random sample of clones was examined, each clone had been assessed for breeders' preference the previous year. When the clones were grouped according to the previous years preference scores, it was found that the correlation coefficients between single and five plant plots for breeders' preference were inversely related, in magnitude, to the mean preference score of each group. It was concluded that single plant selection was generally ineffective, particularly when only the ‘better’ clones, from the previous years assessment, are examined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00051853
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of varying the number of drills per plot and the amount of replication on the efficiency of potato yield trials (1985)
    Springer
    Euphytica 34 (1985), S. 291-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Solanum tuberosum ; potato ; potato yield trials ; replication ; trial efficiency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The effect on yield trials of altering plot size was examined by investigating plots with varying numbers of drills (each with six tubers) planted. No evidence was found of the ware yield per drill being affected by different plot sizes nor any effect attributable to neighbouring drills, whether these were planted with another clone or left unplanted. Increasing the number of drills per plot did increase the precision of the estimated clone means as did, of course, increasing the number of replicates. It appeared, however, that increasing the number of replicates was a more efficient way to increase precision. Thus it was concluded that the most efficient utilization of limited planting space was to grow single drill plots with maximum replication.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00022921
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identifying superior parents in a potato breeding program using cross prediction techniques (1998)
    Springer
    Euphytica 104 (1998), S. 143-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: potatoes ; Solanum tuberosum ; parent selection ; cross prediction ; breeding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Cross prediction techniques were applied to data collected from over 600 hybrid combinations of potato (Solanum tuberosum) and analyzed to determine the potential of using early generation cross prediction techniques to identify superior parental clones. Performance of parental lines based on parameters collected in early generations were compared with the observed frequencies of desirable recombinants with a common parent in the latter stages of a breeding program. Results showed that value of parents, in their ability to produce desirable recombinants in breeding programs, can be predicted using univariate cross prediction techniques. This type of information can be available from early generation progeny trials and could easily be incorporated into a practical potato breeding scheme.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018392430172
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