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  • Supplementation  (2)
  • Akute und subchronische Vergiftung  (1)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 138 (1982), S. 138-140 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Schlagwort(e): Selenium ; Supplementation ; Plasma ; Glutathione peroxidase ; Glutathione S-transferase
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The plasma glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) activity was measured in normal adults and children and in patients with reduced selenium state because of dietary treatment of metabolic diseases (phenylketonuria or maple-syrup-urine disease) before and after selenium supplementation. Besides GSHPx (measured with t-butyl hydroperoxide, cumene hydroperoxide and hydrogen peroxide as acceptor substrates) the activity of glutathione S-transferase was estimated in plasma. Plasma GSHPx activity in healthy children was significantly lower than in healthy adults. In 11 dietetically treated patients with phenylketonuria or maple-syrup-urine disease the plasma GSHPx was reduced to about 17% of the values of healthy children of the same age. No glutathione S-transferase activity could be found in plasma of children in normal or reduced Se state. During administration of yeast rich in Se (200μg Se/d) for 90 days 2 healthy adults showed no significant change of plasma GSHPx activity. During Se supplementation (75–100μg Se/d) for 120–163 days 5 dietetically treated patients with PKU or MSUD exhibited a significant increase of plasma GSHPx activity within 2 days. The values reached a plateau after 1 to 3 weeks of supplementation and remained at this level within the following 4 to 5 months. Therefore, the activity of plasma glutathione peroxidase can be used as an indicator of short-term changes of selenium intake in selenium deficient individuals.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 140 (1983), S. 244-247 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Schlagwort(e): Selenium ; Supplementation ; Platelets ; Glutathione peroxidase ; Glutathione S-transferase
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract A low Se intake in dietetically treated patients with phenylketonuria (PKU) or maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) leads to a marked reduction of the platelet glutathione peroxidase activity (GSHPx). The mean value amounted to 2.0 U/1011 platelets with t-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BOOH) (2.2 U/1011 with H2O2) in patients and 5.8 U/1011 with t-BOOH (5.4 U/1011 with H2O2) in the control children. After Se supplementation with yeast rich in Se (dose: 135 μg Se/m2) the GSHPx activities rapidly increased. They reached a plateau after 2–3 weeks and remained there during the following 15–20 weeks of supplementation. After the cessation of supplementation there was a slow decrease, the values reached a low plateau after 24 weeks. In addition platelet glutathione S-transferase (GSHTf) was estimated with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene. No significant difference between the values in healthy and dietetically treated patients in a low or normal Se state was observed. GSHTf did not exhibit peroxidase activity and did not show a compensatory increase when Se dependent GSHPx activity was low. The patients do not reveal clinical signs of disturbed platelet function. GSHPx may act in platelets via lipoxygenase on the prostaglandin pathway. The physiologic consequence of altered arachidonate metabolism, when GSHPx is deficient in platelets, remains to be elucidated.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Schlagwort(e): Diisopropylfluorophosphate ; Acute and Chronic Poisoning ; Therapy with Obidoxime ; Reactivation of Cholinesterase in Various Tissues ; Diisopropylphosphorofluoridat ; Akute und subchronische Vergiftung ; Therapie mit Obidoxim ; Reaktivierbarkeit der ChE verschiedener Gewebe
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung An Meerschweinchen wurde der zeitliche Verlauf der ChE-Hemmung in Erythrocyten, Ventrikelmuskulatur und Gehirn bei subchronischer und akuter DFP-Vergiftung untersucht und die Reaktivierbarkeit der ChE dieser Gewebe nach subcutaner Injektion von Obidoxim geprüft. Bei beiden Vergiftungsarten ergaben sich Unterschiede hinsichtlich des Ausma\es und des zeitlichen Verlaufes der ChE-Hemmung zwischen den drei Geweben. Während der subchronischen Vergiftung durchläuft die ChE-Hemmung bei den Erythrocyten ein Maximum, bei der Ventrikelmuskulatur und dem Gehirn hingegen stellt sie sich kumulativ auf einen Endwert ein. — Die ChE des Gehirns werden durch Obidoxim weder bei der subchronischen noch bei der akuten Vergiftung reaktiviert. Die Reaktivierbarkeit der Erythrocyten-ChE ist bei beiden Vergiftungsarten wesentlich besser als die der ChE in der Ventrikelmuskulatur. Letztere können durch Obidoxim nur innerhalb eines kürzeren Zeitraumes reaktiviert werden als die der Erythrocyten.
    Notizen: Summary The time course of inhibition of cholinesterase (ChE) was studied in erythrocytes, ventricular muscle and brain of guinea pigs during chronic and acute poisoning with DFP. The reactivation of ChE in these tissues following subcutaneous injection of obidoxime was also tested. In both kinds of poisoning, considerable differences in degree and time course of ChE-inhibition were observed in the three types of tissue studied. Whereas the ChE-inhibition in erythrocytes achieved a maximum and then subsided, there was a cumulative increase of inhibition leading to a maximal value which was maintained in both ventricular muscle and brain. The ChE of the brain could not be reactivated by obidoxime in either chronic or acute poisoning. In both types of poisoning, the reactivation of ChE in erythrocytes was substantially better than in cardiac muscle. The reactivation by obidoxime in the latter tissue was of shorter duration than in erythrocytes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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