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  • Hepatitis B virus  (2)
  • lipoprotein composition  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Presence of very low density lipoprotein compositional abnormalities in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients; effects of blood glucose optimisation (1988)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 31 (1988), S. 884-888 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Lipoproteins ; Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes ; blood glucose control ; lipoprotein composition ; atherosclerosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Plasma lipoprotein compositional abnormalities were investigated in eight normolipidaemic (plasma cholesterol 〈5.70 mmol/l; triglyceride 〈2.03 mmol/l) young male Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients (before and after a short period of optimised blood glucose control) and in nine healthy control subjects, matched for sex, age and body mass index. Free and esterified cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipids were assayed in all lipoprotein classes (VLDL, IDL, LDL) and in HDL subclasses (HDL2 and HDL3); apoB was measured only in very low density lipoproteins (VLDL). All VLDL constituents were increased in the diabetic group, the differences being more striking for apoB (6.0±1.1 mg/dl vs 2.0±0.1 mg/dl, p〈0.02), free cholesterol (0.27±0.04 mmol/l vs 0.13±0.02 mmol/l, p〈0.02) and esterified cholesterol (0.32±0.08 mmol/l vs 0.13±0.01 mmol/l, p〈0.05). Also HDL subfractions showed differences between the two groups: all HDL2 constituents were increased, while in HDL3 only triglyceride was significantly increased (0.11±0.01 mmol/l vs 0.08±0.004 mmol/l, p〈0.02). After two weeks of optimised blood glucose control all VLDL constituents were reduced and particularly: esterified cholesterol (−39%, p〈0.02), free cholesterol (−37%, p〈0.05), apoB (− 35%, p〈0.05). Expressing each VLDL constituent as percent of the total lipoprotein mass, it was evident that the diabetic VLDL was rich in cholesterol both esterified (8.4±1.0% vs 5.4±0.5%, p〈0.02) and free (8.5±0.7% vs 5.5±0.3%, p〈0.001), apo B (5.1±0.6% vs 2.6±0.3%, p〈0.001) and depleted in triglyceride (57.0±1.7% vs 64.1±1.7%, p〈0.001). Two weeks of optimised blood glucose control were not able to correct the abnormal composition of VLDL. In conclusion, Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients, although normolipidaemic, show an abnormal VLDL composition suggesting an increased prevalence of smaller and, possibly, more atherogenic VLDL particles. This abnormality is not corrected by a short period of blood glucose optimisation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00265371
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of dietary cholesterol on plasma lipoproteins and their subclasses in IDDM patients (1998)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 41 (1998), S. 193-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Dietary cholesterol ; plasma lipoproteins ; lipoprotein subclasses ; lipoprotein composition ; IDDM patients.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To compare the effects of dietary cholesterol supplementation in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients and normal subjects, 10 male IDDM patients in good glycaemic control (HbA1 c 7.3 ± 0.9 %) (mean ± SD) and normal plasma lipid levels, and 11 control male subjects of similar age, body mass index and lipid plasma levels underwent a double blind, cross-over, sequential study. Cholesterol supplementation of 800 mg/day or placebo were given for consecutive periods of 3 weeks. The concentration of plasma total cholesterol increased significantly with the dietary cholesterol supplementation compared to placebo in IDDM patients by 6 % (p 〈 0.05) and in control subjects by 9 % (p 〈 0.05). No changes were observed in the concentration of plasma triglycerides in either group. The LDL cholesterol level increased by 12 % (p 〈 0.01) in patients and by 7 % (p 〈 0.05) in control subjects. In patients plasma HDL cholesterol concentration remained the same, while in control subjects it tended to increase after cholesterol supplementation (from 1.14 ± 0.26 to 1.23 ± 0.27 mmol/l, p = 0.06). During the cholesterol intake period the mean concentration of LDL1, LDL2 and LDL3 subclasses in patients showed a significant increase by 21.0 (p 〈 0.05), 20.4 (p 〈 0.001) and 11.1 % (p 〈 0.05), respectively, resulting in an 18.0 % increase in mean total LDL mass (p 〈 0.001) without major changes in LDL composition. In the control subjects the changes in the concentrations of LDL subclasses during cholesterol intake were less and not significant. In the IDDM patients the cholesterol intake did not affect the concentration or composition of HDL subclasses or total HDL mass. In contrast, in control subjects cholesterol intake increased the mean concentration of HDL2 a by 12.2.% (p 〈 0.05) and this increase was significantly different if compared to changes obtained in the patients. In conclusion, compared to normal subjects, in IDDM patients, dietary cholesterol intake increased the LDL particle mass significantly and had no positive effect on HDL. [Diabetologia (1998) 41: 193–200]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250050889
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Efficacy of hepatitis B immunization with reduced intradermal doses (1987)
    Springer
    European journal of epidemiology 3 (1987), S. 176-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7284
    Keywords: Hepatitis B virus ; Vaccine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Intradermally (I.D.) administered reduced doses of HB-Vax and Hevac-B were tested against the standard protocols for administering these two vaccines. Immunogenicity, efficacy and possible side effects were evaluated. Four-hundred-sixty-two healthy subjects were vaccinated as follows: Fifty-two subjects received HB-Vax and 99 Hevac B according to the standard regimens. The remaining subjects received 3 I.D. injections in the deltoid region at one-month intervals in the following doses: 165 subjects with 2 μg doses of HB-Vax, 118 subjects with 1 ug doses of Hevac-B and 28 subjects with 0.5 μg (minimal) doses of Hevac-B. Post-vaccination tests (anti-HBs titres and other serological markers for HBV) were to be performed 30, 60, 90, 180, 270 and 360 days after the first injections. Side effects seen with the experimental protocols were acceptable and limited to local reactions. It was found that, on the whole, reduced I.D. doses of both vaccines produced very high immune responses showing a consistently greater efficacy than those of the standard protocols, though the differences were not always statistically significant. Ninety days after the first injections, 80.8% and 82.7% of subjects vaccinated with reduced I.D. doses of HB-Vax showed seroconversion as opposed to only 62.0% of those receiving standard protocol HB-Vax. Seroconversion rates at 90 days in subjects receiving reduced I.D, doses of Hevac-B were 92.0% and 87.996 and for those receiving the minimal doses of this vaccine, 94.1% The rate of seroconversion obtained with standard administration of Hevac-B was 83.8%. The antibody titres in the experimental groups tended to increase up to the 180th day and were generally higher than those obtained with standard protocols. The titres remained very high 270 days after the first injection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00239756
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hepatitis B virus infection in children in Sardinia, Italy (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of epidemiology 5 (1989), S. 202-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7284
    Keywords: Children ; Hepatitis B markers ; Hepatitis B virus ; Infection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Possible hepatitis B immunization of all newborns, regardless of the mother's HBsAg status, is a strategy under consideration for selected hyperendemic areas in Italy. Sardinia is one such area. However, in 1987 in Sardinia, the prevalence of hepatitis B markers in children under 11 years was estimated at 1.7% and the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) at 0.2%. A much higher prevalence of HBsAg was recently observed among adults in this area: 8.7% among men and 5.2% among pregnant women. This contrasting pattern is unlikely to be due to bias: the sampling procedures adopted were appropriate and the percentage of refusals was very low (2.2%). The observed low hepatitis B marker prevalence in young age groups might be the result of a cohort effect due to the improved socio-economic conditions and changes in behaviour that have occurred in Sardinia over the last few years. The finding of only 3 HBsAg+ individuals out of 1,826 children tested, in spite of the 5.2% HBsAg prevalence among pregnant women in that region, is probably attributable to the low proportion of HBeAg positive individuals among the HBsAg+ carrier mothers in this area. At present, immunization of all newborns in Sardinia cannot be recommended.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00156831
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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