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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low prevalence of anti-HCV antibody among Italian children (1994)
    Springer
    Infection 22 (1994), S. 350-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei 2.749 Kindern und Jugendlichen (1.438 Jungen und 1.311 Mädchen), die in Italien leben, wurde eine Studie zur Seroprävalenz der anti-HCV Antikörper durchgeführt. Bei zehn der Getesteten (0,36%) fand sich mit EIA und RIBA ein positiver Befund. Die Rate an positiven Fällen nahm mit dem Alter zu von 0 bei Kindern unter 6 Jahren auf 0,8% bei den 17–19jährigen (Chi2 lineare Regression=0,038). In den nordöstlichen Regionen and Apulien lag die anti-HCV Seroprävalenz bei 0,2%, in Sizilien und Sardinien bei 0,6% (p〉0,005). Zwischen Mädchen und Jungen fand sich kein Unterschied (0,35%, 95% CI: 0,04–0,66 bei Jungen und 0,38%, 95% CI: 0,04–0,66; Fisher's exakter Test 0,565). Aus diesen Daten läßt sich ableiten, daß die HCV-Infektion in der Kindheit in Italien ein seltenes Ereignis ist.
    Notes: Summary The seroprevalence of anti-HCV antibody was studied among 2,749 children and teenagers (1,438 males and 1,311 females) living in Italy. Anti-HCV antibody testing was positive by both EIA and RIBA in ten (0.36%) subjects. The positivity rate increased with age, ranging from 0 among children less than 6 years of age to 0.8% among those aged 17–19 years x2 linear regression=0.038). Anti-HCV prevalence ranged from 0.2% in northeastern regions and in Apulia to 0.6% in Sicily and Sardinia (p〉0.005), and no difference was seen between males (0.35%, C.I. 95%: 0.04–0.66) and females (0.38%, C.I. 95%:0.04–0.66) (Fisher's exact test=0.565). From these data it appears that in Italy HCV infection is an uncommon event during childhood.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01715545
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Infective ‘ribonucleic acid’ extraction from poliovirus by sodium dodecylsulfate (1963)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 19 (1963), S. 246-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Riassunto Il dodecilsolfato di Sodio (SDS) si è dimostrato capace di estrarre, se fatte o agire a temperature di 65°–90°C, acido ribonucleico infettivo da culture di cellule HeLa infettate con estratte da inocula massivi di poliovirus 1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02151359
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hepatitis B virus infection in children in Sardinia, Italy (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of epidemiology 5 (1989), S. 202-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7284
    Keywords: Children ; Hepatitis B markers ; Hepatitis B virus ; Infection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Possible hepatitis B immunization of all newborns, regardless of the mother's HBsAg status, is a strategy under consideration for selected hyperendemic areas in Italy. Sardinia is one such area. However, in 1987 in Sardinia, the prevalence of hepatitis B markers in children under 11 years was estimated at 1.7% and the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) at 0.2%. A much higher prevalence of HBsAg was recently observed among adults in this area: 8.7% among men and 5.2% among pregnant women. This contrasting pattern is unlikely to be due to bias: the sampling procedures adopted were appropriate and the percentage of refusals was very low (2.2%). The observed low hepatitis B marker prevalence in young age groups might be the result of a cohort effect due to the improved socio-economic conditions and changes in behaviour that have occurred in Sardinia over the last few years. The finding of only 3 HBsAg+ individuals out of 1,826 children tested, in spite of the 5.2% HBsAg prevalence among pregnant women in that region, is probably attributable to the low proportion of HBeAg positive individuals among the HBsAg+ carrier mothers in this area. At present, immunization of all newborns in Sardinia cannot be recommended.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00156831
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Baseline seroepidemiology of hepatitis a virus infection among children and teenagers in Italy (1991)
    Springer
    Infection 19 (1991), S. 97-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 5507 Serumproben von gesunden Kindern und Jugendlichen im Alter von drei bis 19 Jahren (54% männlichen, 46% weiblichen Geschlechts) wurden von Mai 1987 bis November 1989 mittels ELISA auf Antikörper gegen Hepatitis A Virus (anti-HAV) untersucht. Die Personen wurden systematisch in fünf verschiedenen geographischen Regionen Italiens nach soziodemographischen Gesichtspunkten ausgewählt. Die Gesamtprävalenz von anti-HAV betrug 9,5%. Drei bis fünf Jahre alte Kinder waren in 2,3% der Fälle positiv, Jugendliche im Alter von 17 bis 19 Jahren zu 16,3% (p〈0,001). Mit 10% gegenüber 9,1% waren Mädchen etwas häufiger positiv als Jungen, doch war der Unterschied nicht signifikant. In Süditalien fand sich eine signifikant höhere anti-HAV-Prävalenz als in Norditalien (27,4% gegenüber 4,8%; p〈0,01). Zwischen der Dauer des Schulbesuchs der Väter und anti-HAV-Prävalenz bei den Kindern bestand eine umgekehrte Korrelation (O.R. 3,3; 95% C.I.=2,5–4,2) während die Familiengröße direkt mit der anti-HAV-Prävalenz korrelierte (O.P 2,4; 95% C.I.=1,9–3,1). Bei Kindern und Jugendlichen besteht nach diesen Befunden zur Zeit in Italien eine sehr geringe Exposition gegenüber HAV-Infektionen. Soziodemographische Faktoren sind jedoch immer noch wichtige Determinanten für die Ausbreitung der Infektion.
    Notes: Summary During the period from May 1987 through November 1989, the prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis A virus infection (anti-HAV) was assayed by the ELISA method in the serum samples of 5,507 (54% males, 46% females) apparently healthy subjects three to 19 years old in Italy. Subjects were selected by a systematic cluster sampling in five different geographical areas of Italy. The overall prevalence of anti-HAV was 9.5%; it increased from 2.3% among children three to five-years-old to 16.3% in teenagers 17 to 19 years old (p〈0.001). A slight preponderance of females was observed (10% versus 9.1%), but the difference was not statistically significant. The prevalence was significantly higher in Southern Italy than in Northern Italy (27.4% versus 4.8%; p〈0.01). The prevalence of anti-HAV was inversely related to the fathers' years of schooling (O.R.3.3; 95% C.I.=2.5–4.2) and positively related to the family size (O.R. 2.4; 95% C.I.= 1.9–3.1). These findings indicate that, today, exposure to HAV infection at a young age in Italy is very low. However, sociodemographic factors are still important determinants in the spread of this infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01645576
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