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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The biosynthesis of rosmarinic acid in suspension cultures of Coleus blumei (1994)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 38 (1994), S. 171-179 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: Coleus blumei (suspension cultures) ; hydroxycinnamic acid esters ; phenylalanine ; rosmarinic acid ; secondary metabolism ; tyrosine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Suspension cultures of Coleus blumei accumulate very high amounts of rosmarinic acid, an ester of caffeic acid and 3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactate, in medium with elevated sucrose concentrations. Since the synthesis of this high level of rosmarinic acid occurs in only five days of the culture period, the activities of the enzymes involved in the biosynthesis are very high. Therefore all the enzymes necessary for the formation of rosmarinic acid from the precursors phenylalanine and tyrosine could be isolated from cell cultures of Coleus blumei: phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase, hydroxycinnamoyl:CoA ligase, tyrosine aminotransferase, hydroxyphenylpyruvate reductase, rosmarinic acid synthase and two microsomal 3- and 3′-hydroxylases. The main characteristics of these enzymes of the proposed biosynthetic pathway of rosmarinic acid will be described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00033875
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of the carbon source on growth and rosmarinic acid production in suspension cultures of Coleus blumei (1993)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 34 (1993), S. 183-190 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: carbon source ; cell cultures ; Coleus blumei (Lamiaceae) ; culture medium ; rosmarinic acid ; secondary product formation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Suspension cultures of Coleus blumei were characterized with respect to growth and rosmarinic acid formation in media with different sugars and various sugar concentrations. Sucrose is the sugar with the highest stimulating effect on growth and rosmarinic acid accumulation, followed by glucose and fructose. The sugar alcohol mannitol cannot be metabolized by the plant cells. Sucrose is cleaved into glucose and fructose by the Coleus cells. Sucrose concentrations from 1 to 5% have an increasing positive effect on growth and rosmarinic acid synthesis in the cell cultures with a maximum rosmarinic acid content of 12% of the dry weight in medium with 5% sucrose; in medium with 6% sucrose rosmarinic acid accumulation obviously did not reach its highest level in the culture period of 14 days. A very high yield of rosmarinic acid (2 mg ml-1 suspension) could also be achieved by maintaining a sucrose concentration of 2% during the whole culture period. The start of rosmarinic acid synthesis by the cell cultures seems to be regulated by the growth limitation when a nutrient, e.g. phosphate is depleted from the medium. The rate of rosmarinic acid accumulation is related to the amount of carbon left in the medium when growth ceases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00036100
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biosynthesis and accumulation of rosmarinic acid in suspension cultures ofColeus blumei (1995)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 43 (1995), S. 89-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: biosynthesis ; caffeic acid esters ; Coleus blumei (Lamiaceae) ; plant cell cultures ; rosmarinic acid ; secondary product formation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract This communication reviews data on the accumulation and biosynthesis of rosmarinic acid in cell suspension cultures ofColeus blumei. The influence of the medium, mainly the carbohydrate source on growth and rosmarinic acid production in these cell cultures is described. The biosynthetic pathway of rosmarinic acid was elucidated inColeus blumei cell cultures: eight enzymatic activities are involved in the transformation of the precursors phenylalanine and tyrosine to the end product rosmarinic acid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00052161
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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