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  • Chemical Engineering  (2)
  • Glomus aggregatum  (2)
  • soil pH  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Leucaena leucocephala seedling response to vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation in soils with varying levels of inherent mycorrhizal effectiveness (1989)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 8 (1989), S. 111-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Glomus aggregatum ; Leucaena leucocephala ; Pinnule ; P status ; Tropical soils
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The symbiotic effectiveness of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi present in widely differring tropical soils was evaluated in a greenhouse experiment. Small volumes of field soil, a standard inoculum (Glomus aggregatum) or both were introduced into a fumigated sand-soil medium amended with nutrients for optimum VAM activity. Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit var. K8 was grown in the medium as an indicator plant. VAM effectiveness was monitored as a function of time by determining the P status of pinnules. The soils differed from each other with respect to the time their endophytes required for the expression of initial and maximum effectiveness and in the level of maximum effectiveness they exhibited. The effect of mycorrhizal inoculation, calculated as the ratio of the areas enclosed by the effectiveness curve of G. aggregatum to that enclosed by the effectiveness curves of test soils, was found to be a good indicator of the response of L. leucocephala to inoculation of soils with G. aggregatum
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00257753
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of pH, time and rate of application on phosphate rock dissolution and availability to pastures (1991)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 28 (1991), S. 95-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: Phosphate rock dissolution ; soil pH ; solution phosphorus ; phosphorus fractionation ; monocalcium phosphate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Soil Samples were collected from a field experiment conducted to evaluate the agronomic effectiveness of a reactive phosphate rock (PR), Sechura sand, relative to that of monocalcium phosphate (MCP) at different soil pHs and rates of application. The samples were analysed for P soluble in the soil solution and bicarbonate extractable P. The rate of dissolution of PR was calculated from the data on the fractionation of inorganic P. In MCP plots P in the soil solution decreased sharply with time especially at low pHs and high rates of fertiliser application. In PR plots the concentration remained with time at the same as or a slightly higher level than that was found one month after application. Solution concentration of P was lower at very high rates of PR application than at intermediate rates. In both MCP and PR plots bicarbonate extractable P decreased with increasing pH. Bicarbonate extractable P was linearly related to MCP but not to PR applied. The rate of dissolution and the proportion of PR dissolved decreased with increasing rates of PR application but the amount dissolved increased. Phosphate dissolved at high level of PR application did not seem to enhance proportionately either the concentration of P in soil solution or bicarbonate extractable P.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01048860
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of pH, time and rate of application on phosphate rock dissolution and availability to pastures (1991)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 28 (1991), S. 85-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: Phosphate rock ; soil pH ; andepts ; white clover ; ryegrass ; soil phosphorus ; monocalcium phosphate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The agronomic effectiveness of an unground reactive phosphate rock from Sechura, Peru, was compared with that of monocalcium phosphate in a severely P deficient and highly P retentive soil (vitrandept) over a period of three years. Soil pHs were adjusted to pH 5.1, 5.3, 5.6 and 6.4. The sward consisted mostly of ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and white clover (Trifolium repens). Fertilisers were applied at six rates at pH 5.3 and three rates at other pHs in the first year. For two of the rates fertilisers were reapplied in the second year. Dry matter yields, P uptake and ground cover of clover were determined during the experimental period. In phosphate rock treated plots a negative linear relationship was obtained between soil pH and the logarithm of yield. The agronomic effectiveness of phosphate rock relative to monocalcium phosphate increased with time at all pHs. Calculated at fertiliser rates which produced near maximum yields, relative agronomic effectiveness at soil pHs 5.1, 5.3, 5.6 and 6.4 were respectively 58, 60, 18, and 5 in year one; 118, 125, 77 and 38 in year three. At pH 5.3, as the rate of application increased the relative agronomic effectiveness of the phosphate rock generally decreased in year one but was enhanced in the intermediate rates in years two and three. The data for ground cover of clover gave a similar trend to that for herbage yield and P uptake.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01048859
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effectiveness of VAM fungi in nonsterile soils before and after optimization of P in soil solution (1993)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 151 (1993), S. 219-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Glomus aggregatum ; indigenous ; Leucaena leucocephala ; propagules ; tropical soils ; VAMF inoculation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Five tropical soils were either not inoculated or inoculated with the vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungus Glomus aggregatum. The degree to which VAM effectiveness was expressed in the soils was evaluated prior and after solution P status was adjusted for optimal VAM activity. VAM effectiveness determined by monitoring P concentrations of pinnules of Leucaena leucocephala leaves as a function of time and as dry matter yield determined at the time of harvest, indicated that in three of the soils VAM effectiveness was either very restricted or altogether unexpressed irrespective of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (VAMF) inoculation if soil solution P was not optimized for VAM effectiveness. After P optimization, effectiveness was significantly increased by VAMF inoculation although in four of the soils, densities of indigenous VAMF propagules greatly exceeded that attained by the inoculum after it was mixed with soil. Mycorrhizal fungal inoculation effects varied from soil to soil, depending on the extent to which the effectiveness of indigenous and introduced endophytes was enhanced by P optimization and the similarity of inherent soil solution P concentrations to the range known to be optimum for VAM effectiveness. Of the indicator variables monitored, VAMF colonization was least sensitive to treatment effects followed by shoot P concentration measured at the time of harvest.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00016287
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamic mechanical properties of some polyurethane-acrylic copolymer interpenetrating polymer networks (1985)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 25 (1985), S. 157-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Dynamic mechanical properties have been investigated for interpenetrating-network systems based on polyol-cured polyurethanes (PU) and 2 to 1 n-butyl acrylate-n-butyl methacrylate (Ac) networks. The systems were formed simultaneously (SIN) from all of the precursors and reactants for both networks in the same vessel, and sequentially (SIPN) by swelling a precured PU with the reactants that will form the Ac network. If the Ac network is formed after gelation of the PU, the IPNs are transparent and appear to have single T (tan δmax) between those of the homonetworks; visible-phase separation occurs if the Ac is intentionally polymerized prior to PU gelation. Damping curves were lower and broader and the T (tan δmax) and rubber moduli were higher for the SIN than for the SIPN systems. Up to 65 percent Ac, the T (tan δmax) data for both SIN and SIPN fit the Gordon-Taylor equation if a T (tan δmax) for the Ac homonetwork 7°C higher than observed is used, suggesting a higher crosslink density for the Ac network under these conditions. The differences in properties of the SIN and SIPN are assumed to be dependent on sample homogeneity and upon the presence of a tin catalyst in the SIN preparation. This can result in limited Ac-network formation and consequent phase separation before PU gelation has occurred, and the catalyst may also increase the extent of interaction, such as grafting or hydrogen-bond formation between the networks.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760250303
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stochastic modeling of a fluidized-bed reactor (1985)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 31 (1985), S. 992-998 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In this work dispersive mixing and chemical reactions are treated simultaneously by resorting to the theory of stochastic processes. A fluidized-bed reactor is modeled by discretizing it into ideally stirred tanks of various sizes corresponding to bubble, cloud, and emulsion phases. All parameters in the model are correlated with known or experimentally obtainable quantities. Examples using a complex chemical reaction are given to demonstrate the applicability of the approach.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690310616
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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