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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ferromagnetic nanocomposite films of cobalt in a ceramic matrix formed by thermal decomposition of cobalt nitride, CoN, precursor (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 7905-7910 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Cobalt nitride films, CoN, in a pure form and also as a nanocomposite in boron nitride or silicon nitride were generated by reactive sputtering of cobalt metal, cobalt boride, or cobalt silicide as targets, respectively, in a nitrogen plasma. Cobalt nitride decomposes into the elements by heating under vacuum at 500 °C. The nanostructure of the composites was preserved in the heating treatment thus creating a fine dispersion (〈10 nm) of cobalt particles, in a ceramic matrix. The magnetic properties of the nanocomposites were established. The precursor cobalt nitride is paramagnetic while the cobalt dispersions, having dimensions smaller than single magnetic domain, show characteristics typical of those systems such as superparamagnetism and, at temperatures lower than the blocking temperature, marked hysteresis. The coercive fields at 5 K for the BN and Si3N4 nanocomposites are 3250 and 850 Oe, respectively. These films are of interest as data recording media.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.362402
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Localized heating of nickel nitride/aluminum nitride nanocomposite films for data storage (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 67 (1995), S. 3034-3036 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Nickel–aluminum nitride films were prepared by reactive sputtering of a nickel aluminide plate in a nitrogen plasma. The initial product is a nanocomposite containing the nickel as the nitride, Ni3N, in aluminum nitride. Heating in vacuum to 500 °C causes selective decomposition of the thermally labile nickel nitride leaving the aluminum nitride unaffected. The nickel nanocomposite is of interest for potential applications as recording media, as are other finely divided dispersions of ferromagnetic metals in insulating matrices. The nickel–aluminum nitride nanocomposite shows a moderate coercive field of 35 Oe at 300 K and, in common with ultrafine particles of ferromagnetic materials, shows superparamagnetic behavior. The Ni3N/AlN nanocomposite was subjected to localized heating with the focused beam of an argon-ion laser; this created features several microns in width that could be imaged with a magnetic force microscope, thus confirming its potential as a high density data storage medium. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.115445
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Magnetic and structural properties of PrCo3−xSix compounds : The 7th joint MMM-intermag conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 83 (1998), S. 7381-7383 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: We have systematically investigated the magnetic properties of the rare-earth compounds PrCo8Si and PrCo3−xSix, the crystal structures of which are hexagonal CeNi3-type and rhombohedral Be3Nb-type, respectively. Sharp cusps were observed in the real and imaginary parts of the ac susceptibility at temperatures between 282 (x=0.08) and 209 K (x=0.23). Also observed were bifurcations of the zero-field-cooled and field-cooled magnetization curves at the same temperatures, showing that the magnetization was irreversible below these temperatures. The effect of Si substitution for Co in this system is to decrease the average ferromagnetic exchange interaction, thus decreasing the Curie temperature, without introducing significant random magnetism effects due to exchange fluctuations or random magnetic anisotropy. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.367802
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ultraviolet–visible near-field microscopy of phase-separated blends of polyfluorene-based conjugated semiconductors (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 833-835 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: We have used fluorescence scanning near-field microscopy to characterize polymer blends for electroluminescent applications, and thereby identify compositional nonhomogeneities. In particular, we have focused on the binary system constituted by poly(9,9′-dioctylfluorenealt-benzothiadiazole) and poly(9,9′-dioctylfluorene) (PFO), known to give efficiencies of up to 22 cd/A in light-emitting devices with suitable electrodes. Our primary aim was the assignment of the morphological features revealed in shear-force and atomic-force images of spin-coated films, and suggestive of phase separation on a 300-nm-length scale. From analysis of the fluorescence images (325 and 488 nm excitation), and quantitative correlation of optical and topographic data, we identify the raised features with PFO-rich regions. However, the limited variation in fluorescence intensity reveals a high extent of mixing within each phase on the length scale accessible in our experiment, approximately 100 nm for our focused-ion-beam-processed probe apertures. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1389822
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Heavy photon dispersions in photonic crystal waveguides (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 178-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Heavy photon dispersion curves exhibiting group velocities suppressed by two orders of magnitude are measured directly for deeply etched AlGaAs waveguide structures by means of surface coupling techniques. It is shown that due to the wave vector-selective nature of surface coupling, such techniques permit the excitation of modes of specific, known dispersion in photonic crystal waveguides. Coupling to regions of very strong anomalous dispersion is demonstrated, with potential to be developed into a method for excitation of gap solitons. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.126916
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Erratum: "Ultraviolet–visible near-field microscopy of phase-separated blends of polyfluorene-based conjugated semiconductors" [Appl. Phys. Lett. 79, 833 (2001)] (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 1921-1922 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1404775
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Fluorescence scanning near-field optical microscopy of conjugated polymer blends (1999)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 75 (1999), S. 1574-1576 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Fluorescence scanning near-field optical microscopy with a spatial resolution of ∼150 nm is used to investigate blends of conjugated polymers in a poly(methylmethacrylate), PMMA, matrix. These blends, which phase segregate on a length scale of several hundred nanometers, have a high degree of correlation between their fluorescence and topographic images, as illustrated by measurements taken from a sample of 5% by weight of poly(2-methoxy-5-(2′,6′-dimethyloctyloxy)-pphenylenevinylene), "OC1C10" PPV, in PMMA. In a blend containing both poly(2,5-dihexyloxyp-phenylenevinylene), CN-PPV, and poly(2-dimethyloctylsilyl-p-phenylenevinylene), DMOS-PPV, spectroscopic contrast was used to identify material both on the surface and buried within a thin transparent film. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.124783
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Raman microscopy determination of phase composition in polyfluorene composites (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 2178-2180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Confocal Raman spectroscopy with a spatial resolution of ≤1 μm is used to determine the composition of binary polyfluorene composites with micro- and mesoscale phase separation. The phases are found to contain significant proportions of both constituents, implying that exciton dynamics such as charge and energy transfer may occur within a particular phase. The results presented here provide an insight into thin-film phase separation of conjugated polymer blends of interest for optoelectronic device applications. In particular, in this letter the high degree of intraphase mixing is discussed in relation to the relatively high efficiency of photovoltaic devices fabricated from these blends. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1407863
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Immunosuppression in rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson, caused by the haemoflagellate Cryptobia salmositica Katz, 1951 (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 9 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract. An experimental Cryptobia salmositica infection in rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson, produced suppression of the humoral response against sheep red blood cells as measured by direct haemagglutination. Two-month and 5-month infections produced equal suppression. The parasite also produced suppression of the humoral response against a bacterial pathogen, Yersinia ruckeri. Anti-Y. ritckeri titres were significantly lower in most fish infected with C. salmositica than in non-infected fish. Immunosuppression became evident when C. salmositica first appeared in the blood (first 2 weeks of infection), Immunosuppression was confirmed by challenge with Y. ruckeri. Mortality at challenge occurred in 64·3% to 83·3% of the fish already infected with C. salmositica at the time of initial Y. ruckeri exposure. There was no mortality at challenge if fish were not infected with C. salmositica at initial bacterial exposure, nor in those concurrently infected with both pathogens. Antigenic competition may have caused the immunosuppression.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1986.tb01036.x
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Immunization of adult brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill), fails to prevent the infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) carrier state (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 18 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract. Adult brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill), mounted a strong humoral immune response after injection with inactivated infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) in Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA). However, this immunization did not prevent the fish from becoming IPNV carriers. After an injection challenge with virulent IPNV, the immunized and control fish (FCA or water) shed virus in the faeces and reproductive products and had IPNV-infected leucocytes and visceral organs. Initially, from 1 to 3 weeks post-challenge (wpc), immunized fish had a lower prevalence of infection and virus titres in the plasma, and fewer infected leucocytes than the control fish. Immunization did not prevent the eventual infection of the leucocytes; over 75% of the immunized and control fish had leucocyte-associated viraemia from 6 to 15 wpc. When the organs were tested at 15 wpc, the immunized fish showed fewer infected organs per fish, and a lower prevalence of infection and virus titres in individual organs than the control fish, but these differences were not significant. Immunized male and female fish shed IPNV in the reproductive products, suggesting that immunization of adult fish would not prevent vertical transmission of IPNV to progeny.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1995.tb00336.x
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