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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 88 (2000), S. 7045-7050 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Indiffusion profiles of sulfur in gallium arsenide were determined by secondary ion mass spectroscopy. In order to evaluate the shape of the profiles, a set of coupled reaction–diffusion equations was solved numerically. From the simulated nonequilibrium indiffusion profiles of sulfur, which diffuses into gallium arsenide via the kick-out mechanism, both the diffusion coefficient and the equilibrium concentration of arsenic self-interstitials were simultaneously determined. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that, due to an arsenic supersaturation, extrinsic dislocation loops have formed. The Fermi-level effect is more pronounced at lower diffusion temperatures and provides an additional driving force for the loop formation, agreeing well with the occurrence of larger faulted loops at a diffusion temperature of 950 °C rather than at 1100 °C. The complex behavior of the sulfur indiffusion can be quantitatively described by taking into account extended defects. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 76 (2000), S. 2677-2679 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Epitaxial Si/InAs/Si heterostructure grown on (001) Si substrate by molecular beam epitaxy and annealed at 800 °C was investigated by high resolution transmission electron microscopy. Extensive interdiffusion leads to the formation of an InAs solid solution in the Si cap layer. Additionally, InAs-enriched regions with extensions of ∼6 nm, which exhibit two kinds of ordering are observed. The ordering of InAs molecules has occurred, respectively, in (101) and (101¯) planes inclined and (110) and (11¯0) planes parallel to the [001] growth direction. It is attributed to the energy gain from the reduced number of mixed Si–As and Si–In bonds. The sample show photoluminescence in the 1.3 μm region, which is tentatively attributed to the recombination of excitons localized in the ordered regions. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 59 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 56 (2000), S. 659-665 
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Quelle: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: A sample of Ta2O5, ditantalum pentaoxide, heat-treated in a `toroid'-type high-pressure chamber at P = 8 GPa and T = 1470 K, was studied by X-ray powder diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Two high-pressure modifications of Ta2O5, isostructural with B-Nb2O5 and Z-Nb2O5, were identified from the X-ray powder pattern. Both structures were refined by the Rietveld method from the X-ray diffraction data: B-Ta2O5, a = 12.7853 (4), b = 4.8537 (1), c = 5.5276 (2) Å, β = 104.264 (2)°, V = 332.45 Å3, Z = 4, space group C2/c; Z-Ta2O5, a = 5.2252 (1), b = 4.6991 (1), c = 5.8534 (1) Å, β = 108.200 (2)°, V = 136.53 Å3, Z = 2, space group C2. The Z-Ta2O5 modification is new. The Ta atoms are six-coordinated in B-Ta2O5 and seven-coordinated in Z-Ta2O5. The two structures are closely related, which makes an intergrowth and a transformation between them possible. An idealized model of the intergrowth structure has been given. The HRTEM study showed defect-rich B-Ta2O5 crystals, which could be interpreted as an intergrowth between the B-Ta2O5 and Z-Ta2O5 phases.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Solid state phenomena Vol. 78-79 (Apr. 2001), p. 331-340 
    ISSN: 1662-9779
    Quelle: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Thema: Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Solid state phenomena Vol. 82-84 (Nov. 2001), p. 189-194 
    ISSN: 1662-9779
    Quelle: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Thema: Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 368 (2000), S. 424-425 
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene (short form: BTEX) and other monoaromatic compounds are environmental contaminants which are often analyzed by GC/FID. For the calculation of BTEX concentrations in water samples normally external quantification with defined BTEX solutions is sufficient. However, for accurate quantification of BTEX in complex matrices it is necessary to use internal standards, e.g. ¶1-chlorohexane. Isotopes of BTEX are usually the best alternative but they are only applicable to GC/MS, because their retention times are similar to the original BTEX. 1-Chlorohexane and phenylacetylene were compared with respect to their quality as internal standards. Good results were obtained with ¶the monoaromatic phenylacetylene as a surrogate standard. The physical properties of phenylacetylene are very similar to BTEX species and it normally does not occur in environmental samples. 1-Chlorohexane was more strongly adsorbed on the used soil than BTEX during sample preparation. This fact suggests that the single aromatic rings of BTEX and phenylacetylene are mainly responsible for the adsorption behavior.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1063-7826
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: Abstract MBE-grown multilayer structures with InAs quantum dots embedded in a crystalline silicon matrix were studied by high resolution transmission electron microscopy. The properties of the grown structures depend critically on the substrate temperature, growth cycle sequence, and layer thicknesses. It is shown that the silicon matrix can “accommodate” only a limited volume of InAs in the form of coherent clusters about 3 nm in size. With an increasing amount of deposited InAs, large dislocated InAs clusters are formed during Si overgrowth, accumulating excess InAs.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Schlagwort(e): cerulein pancreatitis ; dibutyltin dichloride ; cytoprotection ; heat shock protein ; hyperthermia ; transforming growth factor-β1
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract We recently reported that hyperthermia induces pancreatic expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs), particularly HSP70 isoforms, and protects against cerulein pancreatitis. We have now studied whether a double hyperthermia amplifies these effects and whether hyperthermia also protects against dibutyltin dichloride (DBTC)-induced pancreatitis. A further aim was to examine whether hyperthermia induces changes in transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). Following pretreatment without or with a single or double hyperthermia, pancreatitis was induced by application of cerulein or DBTC. Pancreatic HSP and TGF-β1 expression were studied by immunoblotting. Pancreas injury was assessed by light microscopy and serum pancreatic enzyme activity. Hyperthermia as well as DBTC induced HSP72, whereas cerulein did not. A double hyperthermia led to a further increase in HSP72 compared to a single heat stress. In both models, hyperthermia significantly reduced pancreatic injury. Although a double hyperthermia slightly decreased the severity of cerulein pancreatitis compared to a single heat treatment, an improved pancreas protection against DBTC cytotoxicity was not achieved. We also found that hyperthermia induces the expression of TGF-β1. In conclusion, hyperthermia preconditioning exerts protective effects against two pathophysiologically different types of pancreatitis by a mechanism that involves the up-regulation of HSP70 isoforms as well as TGF-β1.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 132 (2000), S. 113-128 
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Schlagwort(e): Key words: SEM; low voltage; spatial resolution; X-ray microanalysis.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract.  Performing X-ray microanalysis at beam energies lower than those conventionally used (〈 10 keV) is known to significantly improve the spatial resolution for compositional analysis. However, the reduction in the beam energy which reduces the X-ray interaction diameter also introduces analytical difficulties and constraints which can diminish the overall analytical performance. This paper critically assesses the capabilities and limitations of performing low beam energy, high spatial resolution X-ray microanalysis. The actual improvement in the spatial resolution and the reduction in the X-ray yield are explored as the beam energy is reduced. The consequences for spectral interpretation, quantitative analysis and imaging due to the lower X-ray yield and the increased occurrence of X-ray line overlaps are discussed in the context of currently available instrumentation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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