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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Diabetologia 29 (1986), S. 457-461 
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Schlagwort(e): Insulin resistance ; lipoproteins ; liver ; insulin binding ; insulin action ; hepatoma cells
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary A lipoprotein-induced resistance to the action of insulin has been postulated. To test this hypothesis, cultured ratderived hepatoma cells, designated FAO, and human-derived hepatoma cells, designated HEP-G2, were incubated for 20 h in the presence or absence of lipoproteins; specific 125I-insulin receptor binding and labeled glucose incorporation into glycogen were then measured. Very low density lipoproteins (d 〈 1.006 g/ml) in physiologic (0.5 mg/ml) or pathophysiologic (5 mg/ml) concentrations did not modify insulin receptor binding of FAO or HEP-G2 cells. This was true for very low density lipoproteins derived from normal human, diabetic human, and streptozotocin-diabetic rat plasma. Low density lipoproteins (d=,.019–1.063g/ml) isolated from normal human plasma similarly failed to modify insulin receptor binding. Concerning insulin action, the different very low density lipoprotein preparations did not modulate either basal or insulin-stimulated glucose incorporation into glycogen of the cells. Thus, very low density lipoproteins and low density lipoproteins did not induce insulin resistance in cultured hepatoma cells either at the insulin receptor level or at the post-receptor level.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Schlagwort(e): Galactosamine hepatitis ; hyperinsulinaemia ; insulin resistance ; liver plasma membranes ; insulin binding
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Six to 12 h after IP injection of 400 mg/kg of D-galactosamine in rats a 5-fold increase in plasma insulin was observed. In addition, impaired glucose assimilation was present after an IV load in spite of unchanged fasting glucose levels. In streptozotocin-diabetic rats (100 mg/kg IV) plasma insulin remained diminished 12 h after induction of D-galactosamine hepatitis. Under identical conditions of preparation and incubation, the liver plasma membranes of D-galactosamine-treated rats, in both normal and diabetic states, bound only 40–60% as much insulin per mg of membrane protein as those of the control rats. Scatchard analysis suggested that this was due to a decrease in the number of receptor sites in the membranes of the D-galactosamine-injected rats. No difference in the insulin degrading capacity and in insulin-receptor dissociation of the plasma membranes between control and D-galactosaminetreated groups was found. These data suggest that a reduction in the number of hepatic insulin receptors in galactosamine hepatitis can lead to insulin resistance and hyperinsulinaemia.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 66 (1988), S. 1079-1084 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Schlagwort(e): Type 2 diabetes ; Secondary failure of sulfonylureas ; Combined therapy insulin/glibenclamide ; Hyperinsulinemia ; C-peptide
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary In type 2 diabetes with “secondary failure of sulfonylurea therapy” good metabolic control can seldom be achieved by insulin therapy even with high insulin doses. Hyperinsulinemia however is a possible risk factor of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes. Maintaining the effects of sulfonylurea action insulin should be added in as small amounts as possible to avoid hyperinsulinemia and to ameliorate hyperglycemia. 16 type 2 diabetics with “secondary failure” were treated either with insulin alone (group A;n=8) or with 3.5 mg b.i.d glibenclamide plus small amounts of intermediate insulin (group B;n=8) in a randomised order. After the inpatient period outpatient control was performed monthly up to six months, later on four times a year up to two years. Both groups were comparable with regard to age, duration of diabetes, body weight and metabolic control. The daily insulin dose was 14±2 IU $$(\bar x \pm SEM)$$ after one month and 19±2 IU after two years in group B. In contrast 30±3 IU and 43±5 IU respectively were needed in group A (p〈0.001). All patients B were treated with one daily injection, all patients A needed two injections. Resulting in nearly identical metabolic control in group A basal insulin levels exceeded those in group B after two years significantly (28.6±3.7 vs. 18.6±1.6 mcU/ml;p〈0.01). Endogenous C-peptide response was suppressed in group A compared to group B after inpatient period and after one month (0.12±0.01 vs. 0.49±0.15 and 0.09±0.04 vs. 0.13±0.08 pmol/ml;p〈0.05). The combined therapy of insulin and sulfonylureas demonstrates the benefit of a prolonged sulfonylurea administration in the treatment of type 2 diabetes with “secondary failure”. As compared to common insulin therapy a small amount of exogenous insulin by one daily injection additionally to glibenclamide shows similar improvement in metabolic control. Hyperinsulinemia as a risk factor of macroangiopathy is markedly reduced in patients treated with combined therapy compared to those with insulin alone.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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