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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of increased concentration of soil CO2 on intermittent flushes of seed germination in Echinochloa crus-galli var. crus-galli (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 21 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Soil-buried seeds of barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli var. crus-galli) germinated from April to June in three intermittent flushes. The later two flushes of germination occurred after heavy rainfall. Carbon dioxide concentration in soil air transiently increased to 30 dm3 m–3 after the rainfall, probably due to the increase in soil temperature and water potential. Germination of exhumed seeds was stimulated by exposure to CO2 at 30 dm3 m–3. Fluctuating temperature, light, water, ethylene, and nitrate are known to promote seed germination in many species. However, of these environmental factors, within ranges found in the field, only CO2 was effective in enhancing the germination of barnyardgrass seeds. We conclude that soil CO2 is responsible for causing intermittent flushes of germination. Detection of vegetation gaps may be explained by the responsiveness of buried seeds to CO2.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.1998.00347.x
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    EFFECTS OF ATRIAL NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE ON PHENYLEPHRINE-INDUCED RENIN RELEASE IN DOGS (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 17 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: 1. The effect of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) on α-adrenoceptor agonist-induced renin release was examined in the de-ennervated kidney of the anaesthetized dog pretreated with propranolol (1 mg/kg, intravenous).2. Phenylephrine (50 ng/kg per min) infused into the renal artery increased the renal secretion rate of renin (RSR) without affecting systemic blood pressure or renal blood flow.3. Although basal RSR was unaffected, the phenylephrine-induced increase in RSR was abolished during intrarenal arterial infusion of ANP (10 ng/kg per min).4. The results suggests that exogenously administered ANP could suppress α-adrenoceptor-mediated renin release in the dog.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1990.tb01335.x
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    PRESYNAPTIC INHIBITION BY SEROTONIN OF CARDIAC SYMPATHETIC TRANSMISSION IN DOGS (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 10 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: 1. The effect of serotonin on cardiac sympathetic transmission was investigated in vagotomized and cardiac decentralized dogs.2. Administration of serotonin in doses of 10-100 μg/kg i.v., during the resting unstimulated state caused tachycardia and pressor responses which were inhibited by cyproheptadine but not by guanethidine. The tachycardia was reduced by a β-adrenoceptor antagonist, bufetolol.3. Serotonin in doses of 3-100 μg/kg depressed the elevated heart rate during maintained electrical stimulation of the cardiac sympathetic nerves.4. Cyproheptadine did not antagonize the serotonin-induced depression of the stimulation-elevated heart rate, while desipramine attenuated but did not abolish it.5. Serotonin did not have a significant effect on the heart rate elevated by maintained infusion of noradrenaline.6. The present results suggest that serotonin-induced depression of heart rate during sympathetic nerve stimulation is due to presynaptic inhibition by serotonin of cardiac sympathetic transmission which is not mediated via‘classic’ tryptaminergic receptors.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1983.tb00222.x
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    EFFECTS OF A NON-VASOCONSTRICTOR DOSE OF PHENYLEPHRINE ON PROSTAGLANDIN E2 AND RENIN RELEASE IN ANAESTHETIZED DOGS (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 10 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Phenylephrine (1 μg/min) was infused into the renal artery of pentobarbitone anaesthetized dogs. Systemic blood pressure and renal blood flow were monitored. Arterial and renal venous blood samples were collected before and 10 min after the start of the infusion. Plasma prostaglandin E2 concentration and plasma renin activity were measured by radioimmunoassay.This dose of phenylephrine did not affect systemic blood pressure and renal blood flow.However, both prostaglandin E2 and renin secretion rates were increased by the infusion of phenylephrine.These results suggest that renal α-adrenoceptors participate in prostaglandin and renin release independent of the changes in systemic blood pressure and renal blood flow.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1983.tb00184.x
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    DIFFERENTIAL BLOCKING EFFECTS OF PRAZOSIN AND YOHIMBINE ON PRESSOR RESPONSES TO NEURONALLY RELEASED AND EXOGENOUSLY ADMINISTERED NORADRENALINE IN THE PITHED RAT (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 11 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: 1. The effects of prazosin and yohimbine on pressor responses to sympathetic nerve stimulation and intravenous injections of noradrenaline, phenylephrine and clonidine were examined in pithed rats to determine the postjunctional location of α2-adrenoceptors in the vascular smooth muscle.2. Prazosin antagonized the pressor responses to phenylephrine and to sympathetic nerve stimulation more effectively than the responses to noradrenaline and to clonidine.3. Yohimbine antagonized the pressor responses to noradrenaline and to clonidine more effectively than the responses to sympathetic nerve stimulation and to phenylephrine.4. These results suggest that α2-adrenoceptors as well as α1-adrenoceptors produce vasoconstriction in the rat vasculature and support the hypothesis that α1-adrenoceptors are predominantly located within the neuroeffector junction in contrast to an extrajunctional location of α2-adrenoceptors.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1984.tb00871.x
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Short communicationRecovery from derangement of natural killer-like activity of leucocytes due to Zn or Mn deficiency in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), by the oral administration of these elements (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 21 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2761.1998.00080.x
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Bioavailability of amino acid-chelated and glass-embedded manganese to rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), fingerlings (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Aquaculture research 32 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Feeding experiments were conducted to determine the bioavailability of new types of manganese (Mn) supplement to rainbow trout fingerlings. Two levels of Mn (7 and 14 mg kg−1 diet) were supplemented to diets using either manganese sulphate (Mn-S), glass-embedded Mn (Mn-Gl), or amino acid-chelated Mn (Mn-Am); more than one acid was used to chelate the metal. Rainbow trout weighing 1.30 g on average were fed the experimental diets for 12 weeks. Absorption of Mn from various compounds was evaluated using larger fish (105 g on average) fed the experimental diets. Growth was higher in the group supplemented with Mn-Am at both levels. Whole-body Mn content in fish fed the diet supplemented with Mn-Am was significantly higher than the other sources. Bone Mn accumulation was significantly higher in treatments with 14 mg Mn kg−1 diet from all sources, except Mn-Gl. At 7 mg kg−1, absorption from Mn-Am was significantly higher than from Mn-Gl and Mn-S. Mn retention from both levels of Mn-Am supplementation was significantly higher (P 〈 0.05) than the rest. The results indicated that amino acid-chelated Mn provided more bioavailable nutrient than Mn-S and Mn-Gl. Further, availability of Mn from Mn-Gl is equivalent to that of Mn-S.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1355-557x.2001.00002.x
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of FK506 eye drops on late and delayed-type responses in ocular allergy models (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 33 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Background It is well-known that FK506 strongly inhibits cytokine production by T cells in vitro. However, less evidence is available from in vivo studies of ocular allergy.Objective To study the anti-inflammatory effect of FK506 eye drops on late and delayed-type responses in several animal models of ocular allergy.Methods Rats and guinea-pigs were sensitized with egg albumin (EA) in adjuvant and later challenged by topical EA application to their eyes to examine the late response. Biopsy specimens of conjunctiva were stained with haematoxylin–eosin or stained for T cells and eosinophils. In addition, rats, rabbits and guinea-pigs were sensitized with complete Freund's adjuvant and later challenged by injecting purified protein derivatives for the delayed-type response. Bulbar conjunctival oedema and hyperaemia were graded by score in rabbits, and Evans blue (EB) extravasation was measured in rats and guinea-pigs. FK506 (0.01–1%) and steroid (0.1%) eye drops were instilled in the eyes of animals several times, before and after challenge.Results FK506 eye drops inhibited T cell and eosinophil infiltration in the late response and EB extravasation in the delayed-type response in rats. Also, they inhibited conjunctival oedema, hyperaemia and ocular mucus in the delayed-type response in rabbits. These effects were similar to those of steroid eye drops (betamethasone sodium phosphate, fluorometholone). FK506 eye drops also inhibited inflammatory cell infiltration, the loss of conjunctival epithelium and decrease of goblet cells in the late response as well as EB extravasation in the delayed-type response in guineapigs, a steroid-resistant species.Conclusion FK506 eye drops inhibit late and delayed-type responses in animal models of ocular allergy.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2003.01698.x
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Influence of various dietary synthetic carotenoids on bio-defence mechanisms in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Aquaculture research 32 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: This study examined the influence of different carotenoids on growth and some immune indices in rainbow trout. Six semipurified casein-based diets were formulated to contain one of three different carotenoids: astaxanthin, canthaxanthin and β-carotene, at 100 mg kg−1, each of them with vitamins A, C and E either added or omitted. The two control diets contained no carotenoids and were either with or without the vitamins. Rainbow trout weighing about 140 g were fed the diets for 9 weeks. Specific growth rate, feed:gain ratio and nonspecific immune parameters were determined. Growth and feed conversion were similar among the groups. Immune parameters like production of reactive oxygen species by head kidney leukocytes and plasma total immunoglobulin levels did not vary with the treatment. Serum complement activity in both β-carotene groups and the vitamin-containing astaxanthin group were significantly higher than both the control fish. Serum lysozyme activity in the vitamin-containing β-carotene and astaxanthin groups were significantly different from both control groups. Phagocytic activity was also high in the vitamin-containing β-carotene and astaxanthin groups compared with the controls. For phagocytic index, in addition to the foregoing groups, the vitamin-containing canthaxanthin group gave better results compared with the controls. The vitamin-containing astaxanthin and β-carotene groups also exhibited better nonspecific cytotoxicity for the peripheral blood lymphocytes at all effector-to-target ratios. Thus, among the carotenoids studied, β-carotene and astaxanthin elevated humoral factors such as serum complement and lysozyme activity, as well as cellular factors such as phagocytosis and nonspecific cytotoxicity. In the presence of the vitamins the carotenoids exerted a greater influence on the bio-defense mechanisms of rainbow trout.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1355-557x.2001.00051.x
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Dietary phosphorus requirement of juvenile milkfish, Chanos chanos (Forsskal) (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Aquaculture research 32 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Seven isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets with graded levels of monopotassium phosphate to yield total phosphorus levels of 0.28 (no P supplementation), 0.43, 0.58, 0.73, 0.88, 1.03 and 1.18% were prepared and fed to five replicate groups of 10 juvenile milkfish (initial weight = 2.5 g). After 16 weeks of feeding, significant differences in growth (300–570%), survival rates (70–100%), and bone and scale mineralization were found among treatment groups. Weight gains of milkfish increased linearly up to the 0.88% dietary phosphorus concentration and levelled off beyond this dietary level. Bone and scale ash, calcium and phosphorus concentrations showed similar patterns as weight gain in response to dietary phosphorus concentration. Broken-line regression analyses of these data indicated that the dietary phosphorus level required for optimal growth and mineralization of juvenile milkfish is ≈ 0.85% of dry diet.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1355-557x.2001.00003.x
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