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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessment of Methodologies for Calorimetric Cholesterol Assay of Meats (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 53 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The objective of this study was to assess the critical factors influencing the values for meat cholesterol determined colorimetrically. Procedure variations tested included: no saponification of total lipid extract before color development; with 15 min saponification at 80°C, with or without antioxidant protection; and with 60 min saponification at 80°C, with or without antioxidant protection. Without the saponification step, meat cholesterol values were overestimated. Samples with a large percentage of unsaturated fatty acids yielded higher cholesterol values when lipid extracts were saponified without antioxidant protection than with. Meat cholesterol values obtained by the procedure involving 15 min saponification with antioxidant protection were similar to those obtained by a commonly used gas chromatographic procedure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1988.tb07804.x
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF CHOPS FROM PALE, SOFT, EXUDATIVE (PSE) AND NORMAL PORK LOINS (1979)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 44 (1979), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Chops from normal or pale, soft and exudative (PSE) pork loins were displayed under simulated retail conditions, and drip was collected. During display, drip from chops was greater for PSE than normal loins, but the drip from both types of chops contained similar concentration of protein, free amino acids, total amino acids, sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium. However, loss per kg lean was higher in the PSE chops for protein (P 〈 0.01) and potassium, calcium and magnesium (P 〈 0.05). The lean tissue from PSE chops contained more protein but less ether extract and energy than did lean from normal chops. Differences between PSE and normal chops were not significant for dry matter, ash, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron, copper, zinc, free amino acids or total amino acids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1979.tb08474.x
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DAMGO Suppresses Both Excitatory and Inhibitory Synaptic Transmission in Supraoptic Neurones of Mouse Hypothalamic Slice Preparations (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neuroendocrinology 16 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2826
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Opioid effects on synaptic transmission in the mouse supraoptic nucleus (SON) were investigated using whole-cell, patch-clamp techniques. The µ-opioid receptor agonist, [d-Ala2, N-Me-Phe4, Gly5-ol]-enkephalin (DAMGO) decreased the amplitude of both evoked excitatory postsynaptic currents (eEPSCs) and inhibitory postsynaptic currents (eIPSCs), and also decreased the frequency of both miniature EPSCs and IPSCs without effect on the amplitude. The selective µ-opioid receptor antagonist, d-Phe-Cys-Tyr-D-Trp-Orn-Thr-Pen-Thr-NH2, and the nonselective antagonist naloxone, antagonized these inhibitory effects. The application of DAMGO suppressed the amplitude of both the first and second evoked postsynaptic currents with a paired-pulse stimulus protocol, but increased the paired-pulse ratios (second ePSC/first ePSC). DAMGO induced neither inward nor outward currents, and had no significant changes in either glutamate- or GABA-induced currents. When compared with the relatively selective κ- and δ-opioid receptor agonists dynorphin and [D-Pen2, D-Pen5]-enkephalin, DAMGO showed the most potent inhibitory effects on evoked and miniature postsynaptic currents. Taken together, these results imply that DAMGO strongly suppresses the release of glutamate and GABA via µ-opioid receptors in the mouse SON, and support the involvement of presynaptic regulation by opioids in the control of magnocellular neurosecretory neurones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0953-8194.2004.01151.x
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Angiotensin II Induces Inward Currents in Subfornical Organ Neurones of Rats (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Journal of neuroendocrinology 13 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2826
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The action of angiotensin II on subfornical organ (SFO) neurones was studied using whole-cell current and voltage-clamp recordings in rat slice preparations. In the current-clamp mode, membrane depolarization in response to angiotensin II was accompanied by an increased frequency of action potentials and an increased membrane conductance. In the voltage-clamp mode, angiotensin II elicited inward currents in a dose-dependent manner. The net angiotensin II-induced inward currents were voltage-independent, with a mean reversal potential of −29.8 ± 6.2 mV. Amplitudes of the angiotensin II-induced inward currents were decreased during perfusion with a low sodium medium. The angiotensin II-induced inward currents were blocked by the AT1 antagonist losartan, and were partially blocked by the AT2 antagonist PD-123319. Neurones which were sensitive to angiotensin II were found in the peripheral region of the SFO, whereas neurones in the central region were less sensitive to angiotensin II. These results suggest that angiotensin II induces inward currents, with opening of nonselective cation channels through mainly AT1 receptors in a subpopulation of SFO neurones of rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2826.2001.00663.x
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Activation of Muscarinic Receptors in Rat Subfornical Organ Neurones (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Journal of neuroendocrinology 15 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2826
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Cholinergic muscarinic inputs to subfornical organ (SFO) neurones in rats were studied using histochemical, molecular–biological and electrophysiological techniques. Neurones in the medial septum and the diagonal band (MS-DBB) were retrogradely labelled by a tracer wheat germ agglutinin-conjugated horseradish peroxidase–colloidal gold complex injected into the SFO. Some in the MS-DBB were double-labelled by choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) antibody. Many ChAT-immunoreactive fibres were observed in the SFO. M3 muscarinic receptor subtype-like immunoreactivity, detected using a polyclonal antiserum, was observed in the SFO. In slice preparations, muscarine induced inward currents in a dose-related manner. The inward currents were suppressed by the relatively M3 muscarinic receptor selective antagonist 4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methylpiredine methiodide. In the whole-cell current mode, muscarine depolarized the membrane with increased frequency of action potentials. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction showed the presence of M2–M5 receptor mRNA in the SFO tissues. These results suggest that the SFO receives cholinergic muscarinic synaptic inputs from the MS-DBB. Acetylcholine postsynaptically activates and depolarizes neurones in the SFO partly through specific muscarinic receptors, including M3 receptor subtypes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2826.2003.01057.x
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular cloning of a class IV chitinase allergen from Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) pollen and competitive inhibition of its immunoglobulin E-binding capacity by latex C-serum (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 35 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) pollinosis is one of the most prevalent allergic diseases in Japan. Only three C. japonica allergens, Cry j 1, Cry j 2, and CJP-6, have been characterized. The full IgE-binding spectrum of C. japonica pollen allergens demonstrates that many allergens remain to be identified.Objective The aim of this study was to characterize a novel allergen with a high frequency of IgE binding.Methods The cDNA coding for a high-frequency IgE-binding protein, designated CJP-4, was cloned from the total mRNA of C. japonica pollen. The corresponding native allergen was purified by affinity precipitation with colloidal chitin and gel chromatography. The IgE-binding ability of purified native CJP-4 was characterized by ELISA and ELISA inhibition.Results The CJP-4 cDNA encoded 281 amino acids with significant sequence homology to class IV chitinases. Purified native CJP-4, migrated as a homogeneous 34-kDa protein on SDS-PAGE, revealed endochitinase activity on native PAGE. The purified protein displayed the ability to bind IgE from all patients tested (31/31) in ELISA, whereas Cry j 1 bound to IgE at a 71% frequency (22/31). Pre-incubation with latex C-serum completely inhibited the reaction of pooled sera IgE from patients with C. japonica pollinosis and/or latex allergy to purified CJP-4.Conclusion We identified CJP-4 as a novel and fourth C. japonica chitinase allergen with high IgE-binding frequency. The competitive IgE-binding profile between C. japonica chitinase and latex C-serum indicated that C. japonica chitinase should be an important pan-allergen in C. japonica pollen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2005.02167.x
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular cloning and characterization of a new Japanese cedar pollen allergen homologous to plant isoflavone reductase family (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 32 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) pollen is a major cause of seasonal pollinosis, and more than 10% of Japanese people suffer from this allergic disorder. However, only two major pollen allergens, Cry j 1 and Cry j 2, have been identified and exclusively characterized.Objective The aim of this study was to explore and identify important Japanese cedar pollen allergens other than Cry j 1 or Cry j 2.Methods C. japonica cDNA library was immunoscreened by rabbit antiserum raised against a partially purified cedar pollen allergen fraction. An isolated cDNA clone was inserted into a glutathione S-transferase (GST)-tagged Escherichia coli expression vector to obtain recombinant GST fusion protein. Non-fusion recombinant protein was purified by glutathione Sepharose affinity chromatography in conjunction with factor Xa cleavage of the GST moiety. IgE-binding ability of the recombinant protein was then evaluated by western blot analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results The cDNA encodes 306 amino acids with significant sequence similarity to those of plant isoflavone reductase-like proteins, which include a recently identified birch pollen allergen Bet v 5. Western blot analysis demonstrated that recombinant protein was recognized by cedar pollinosis patient IgE. In contrast to Bet v 5 being reported as a minor allergen, the recombinant protein exhibited 76% IgE binding frequency (19/25) against pollinosis patients.Conclusion Here we identified the third member of Japanese cedar pollen allergen homologous to isoflavone reductase. Its high IgE-binding frequency implicates that the isoflavone reductase homologue might be an additional major pollen allergen in C. japonica.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2002.01405.x
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of temperature and light intensity on the growth and toxicity of Heterosigma akashiwo (Raphidophyceae) (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Aquaculture research 31 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The effects of temperature and light intensity on the growth and toxicity of Heterosigma akashiwo (Hada) were studied in the laboratory. The growth and toxicity of this organism were found to be greatly influenced by temperature and light intensity. The best growth was found at 25 °C where the toxicity was very low. On the other hand, cells were found to be most toxic at 20 °C (0.087 ± 0.005 FU), although the growth was much less than at 25 °C. The lowest toxicity was observed at 30 °C with a toxicity of 0.011 ± 0.005 FU. The toxicity of this species also differed markedly at different light intensities. It gave the maximum toxicity at 200 μE m−2 s−1, but poor growth. The best growth occurred at 100 μE m−2 s−1, but with a marked toxicity drop. In toxin composition studies, the amounts of most of the toxic fractions were lower at 25 °C and 100 μE m−2 s−1 where the growth was most conspicuous.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2109.2000.00463.x
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anaesthetic management of 27 cases of boron neutron capture therapy for glioblastoma (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 56 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Twenty-seven patients received boron neutron capture therapy during craniotomy at our research reactor from 1991 to 1999. This is a form of intra-operative radiation therapy, which uses neutrons from a nuclear reactor. There are three additional major problems to anaesthetists: boron neutron capture therapy must be given beside the nuclear reactor, with no hospital facilities; neutrons cannot be shielded effectively by ordinary protectors; and neutrons are detrimental to metal devices and especially to electrical appliances. Boron neutron capture therapy has been adopted as an effective therapy for glioblastoma/astrocytoma, but special considerations are required for anaesthesia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2044.2001.01912.x
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthetic surfactants for protecting cultured fish against toxic phytoplankton (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Aquaculture research 29 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Polyoxyethylene alkyl esters, which are surface-active agents, were chemically synthesized from fatty acids (C12-C18) on reaction with different moles of polyethylene oxides, and were tested for effectiveness against the toxic raphidophytes Chattonella marina (Subrahmanyan) Hara & Chihara and C. antiqua (Hada) Ono. The synthetic surfactants destroyed cultured cells from these two species. Although the synthetic surfactants also exhibited ichthyotoxicity, this was lowered by increasing the molarity of ethylene oxide (EO) in alkyl ester molecules. Young yellowtail, Seriola quinqueradiata Temminck & Schlegel, survived exposure to C. marina (5000-5500 cells mLT−1) or C. antiqua (3000-3500 cells mL−1) cultures with the addition of 4-5 p.p.m. oleyl ester EO 14, but died within an hour without the addition of this surfactant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2109.1998.00239.x
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