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  • Digitale Medien  (15)
  • 1995-1999  (13)
  • 1955-1959  (1)
  • 1920-1924  (1)
Materialart
  • Digitale Medien  (15)
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  • 11
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 99 (1997), S. 681-684 
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Mutations in the basement membrane collagen gene COL4A5 cause the progressive renal glomerular nephropathy and typical hearing loss that occur in X-linked Alport syndrome. Nearly all cases involve distinct mutations, as expected for an X-linked disease that significantly reduces the fitness of affected males. A few exceptional COL4A5 mutations appear to be associated with a reduced disease severity and may account for a significant proportion of late-onset Alport syndrome in populations where a founder effect has occurred. The novel mutation reported here, COL4A5 arg1677gln, has been detected in three independently ascertained Ashkenazi-American families, causes a relatively mild form of nephritis with typical onset in the fourth or fifth decade, and may be involved in the etiology of a large proportion of adult-onset hereditary nephritis in Ashkenazi Jews.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 12
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 13 (1959), S. 209-235 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Sommaire En septembre 1950, au cours d'une visite à El Hamma, oasis au sud de la Tunisie, 714 spécimens appartenant au genre Thermosbaena mirabilis Monod furent récoltés dans deux bassins alimentés par des sources thermales, Ain el Bordj, source typique, et Ain Sidi Abd el Kadar, où jamais encore de tels échantillons n'avaient été trouvés. Cette collection comprenait: 164 mâles, 123 femelles (73 stériles et 50 avec poches reproductrices) et 94 non-adultes. Malheureusement 333 de ces animaux furent perdus durant le voyage de retour. Thermosbaena vit dans une eau chaude et saumâtre, elle peut survivre à des temperatures variant de 37° à 47° C., mais elle commence à s'éteindre aux environs de 35° et meurt aux approches de 30° C. Une recherche pour trouver Thermosbaena fut entreprise, non seulement dans les deux bassins à El Hamma, mais aussi dans 14 puits et sources disséminés sur une large étendue autour d'El Hamma et de Gabès, ainsi que dans la rivière El Hamma dont des échantillons furent analysés. Rien ne fut trouvé en dehors des deux sources mentionnées en premier lieu. On suppose que ces animaux habitent certains interstices dans les fonds des sources thermales d'El Hamma, et qu'ils y ont été trouvés, non pas parce que amenés la par l'écoulement des eaux, mais parce que le collectionneur eut la chance d'acceder à leur terrain d'habitat. Il est raisonnable de croire que les 3 espèces de Monodella trouvées sur les côtes d'Italie et de Yougoslavie (M. stygicola, M. argentarii, et M. halophila) sont aussi du genre habitant des interstices et qu' un ancien habitat, dans les fonds de cette partie de la Mer mésogéenne (Tethys) maintenant réprénté par la Méditerranée était commun à tous les membres des thermosbenacés. L'histoire paléogéographique du Mésogée dans les régions nord-africaines, italiennes, et yougoslaves est en discussion et on formule deux hypothèses pour expliquer le présent habitat de Thermosbaena. La première considérait l'organisme comme un legs de la retraite finale du Mésogée depuis la Tunisie méridionale dans l'Eocène inférieure. La seconde envisage l'établissement d'une réserve ancestrale dans un lac se trouvant près d'El Hamma à une époque où un relèvement du niveau de la Méditerranée avait converti le lac en un lagon saumâtre. Ensuite ce lac s'est asséché pour former l'actuel Chott Djerid et on formule la suggestion que les Thermosbaena ont colonisé l'eau thermale saumâtre à El Hamma comme mesure de survie devant l'eau de plus en plus salée du chott en voie de dévéloppement. La deuxième hypothèse est estimée comme la plus plausible. On considère que la position sur la côte de l'espèce Monodella, dans la mesure où elle a été découverte, indique une colonisation comparativement récente partant du lit de la Méditerranée par l'intermédiaire des eaux littoraux. On souligne, cependant, que l'histoire paléogéographique de l'Italie et de la Yougoslave fait de la trouvaille d'espèces non encore découvertes dans l'Italie et l'intérieur des Balkans une possibilité distincte, les organismes persistant comme survivants d'eau douce ou saumâtre de la regression mésogéene qui suivit le Pliocène. La position systématique des thermosbenacés a été mise au point au cours de trauvaux récents, et l'on arrive à conclure que la position intermédiaire de l'ordre entre la Peracarida et la Syncarida, comme suggeré par Taramelli (1954), ou les affinités stomatopodéennes au groupe suggeré par Glaessner (1957) signifient peu de choses. Il semblerait que ces résidus malacostracéens devraient être inclus à la Peracarida ou placés dans une position pré-peracaridéenne, comme le recommande Siewing (1956, 1958), mais établir que les thermosbenacés sont une branche nouvelle Pancarida (Siewing, 1958) à un rang semblable à la Peracarida, serait certainement une conclusion prematurée.
    Notizen: Summary The oasis of El Hamma, southern Tunisia, was visited in September 1950 and 714 specimens of Thermosbaena mirabilis Monod were collected from two baths fed by hot-springs, Ain el Bordj, the type-source, and Ain Sidi Abd el Kadar where the animal had not previously been recorded. The specimens consisted of 164 males, 123 females (73 non-breeding; 50 with brood-pouches), and 94 juveniles; 333 specimens were unfortunately lost on the return journey. Thermosbaena lives in warm brackish water and can survive temperatures fluctuating between 37° and 47° C. but becomes moribund around 35° and dies around 30° C. Apart from examining the springs and baths at El Hamma, a search was made for Thermosbaena in 14 wells and 11 springs scattered over a wide area around El Hamma and Gabès; the River El Hamma was also sampled. The search proved negative in all but the two El Hamma baths already specified. It is suggested that the animal occupies an interstitial habitat in the thermal ground-water at El Hamma, and that it has been collected in the baths not because it has been brought there by the springs flowing into them (as previously believed), but because in the baths the collector has by chance had access to the interstitial habitat. There are grounds for believing that the three species of Monodella discovered on the Italian and Yugoslavian coasts (M. stygicola, M. argentarii, and M. halophila) are also interstitial forms, and that an ancestral habitat in the sea-bed of that part of the Mesogean (Tethys) Sea now represented by the Mediterranean was common to all members of the Thermosbaenacea. The palaeogeographic history of the Mesogean in the North African, Italian, and Yugoslavian areas is discussed and two hypotheses are formulated to account for the present-day habitat of Thermosbaena. The first would regard the organism as a legacy from the final retreat of the Mesogean from southern Tunisia in the lower Eocene. The second envisages the establishment of ancestral stock in a lake lying nearby El Hamma at a time during the Quaternary when a rise in the level of the Mediterranean had converted the lake into a brackish lagoon. This lake subsequently dried out to form the present-day Chott Djerid and it is suggested that Thermosbaena colonized the thermal brackish ground-water at El Hamma as a measure of survival in face of the increasingly saline ground-water of the developing chott. The second hypothesis is regarded as the most plausible. It is considered that the coastal locations of the Monodella species so far discovered indicate a comparatively recent colonization from the sea-bed of the Mediterranean via littoral ground-water. It is pointed out, however, that the palaeogeographic history of Italy and Yugoslavia renders the occurrence of as yet undiscovered species in the Italian and Balkan interior a distinct possibility, the organisms persisting as freshwater or brackish survivors of the Mesogean regression which followed the Pliocene. The systematic position of the Thermosbaenacea is reviewed in the light of recent work and it is concluded that little significance should be attached to the intermediate position of the order between the Peracarida and Syncarida suggested by Taramelli (1954), or to the stomatopodan affinities of the group suggested by Glaessner (1957). It would appear that these relict malacostracans should either be included in the Peracarida, or placed in a pre-peracaridan position as advocated by Siewing (1956, 1958), but the inclusion of the Thermosbaenacea in a new division Pancarida (Siewing, 1958), equivalent in rank to the Peracarida, is clearly premature.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 13
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology 34 (1999), S. 111-116 
    ISSN: 1433-9285
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Patient satisfaction can be a useful marker in evaluating the quality of psychiatric care. However, this form of measurement has been hampered by the lack of attention paid to the psychometric properties of instruments devised. The Psychiatric Care Satisfaction Questionnaire (PCSQ) was developed and tests of acceptability, validity and reliability were undertaken using 52 inpatients. Content validity was assessed by surveying psychiatrists, other mental health professionals, MIND workers and patient groups. Thirty-six (67.9%) of all mental health professionals felt that the questionnaire was a useful measure of patients' satisfaction with their care, and many comments also suggested high consensual validity. In terms of content validity, responses from patient groups indicated that the majority (63.6%) felt it to be a useful measure of patient satisfaction and 70.5% felt all the areas covered were important. Concurrent and criterion validity were also good, with high correlations with existing scales and with those on a section being significantly less satisfied on the PCSQ (F = 13.3, P = 0.0004). Test-retest reliability was adequate (Cohen's κ 0.48–0.80) and the internal consistency of the PCSQ was good, at 0.82 (Cronbach's α). The PCSQ performed well in all aspects of validity and reliability, indicating that it has good psychometric properties and can be a useful tool for measuring patient satisfaction. However, there remains the need to analyse more closely the concept of satisfaction and its determinants.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 14
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology 33 (1997), S. 32-38 
    ISSN: 1433-9285
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract We examined whether psychiatric patients knew their diagnosis, the significance they attached to it, and the impact of being informed in a systematic fashion according to their wishes. We also assessed whether the nature of the psychiatric diagnosis influenced what patients were told by their psychiatrists. The three parts of the study included questionnaire responses from 28 consultant psychiatrists; case-note reviews and questionnaire responses of 200 adult psychiatric in-patients; and a pilot study informing 28 adult psychiatric day hospital patients of their diagnosis according to their wishes. The results showed that of 126 in-patients, 53% had not been told their diagnosis, although most wanted to know. Of those informed, 75% agreed with their diagnosis. The majority of patients considered a psychiatric diagnosis to be as real as a physical diagnosis and helpful in their treatment. Patients with schizophrenia were less likely to have been informed of their diagnosis, and psychiatrists were also more reticent regarding the diagnosis of personality disorder. All patients who were systematically informed, in the pilot study, agreed with their diagnosis. We conclude that most patients agree with their diagnosis and its usefulness. All patients should be asked whether they want to know their diagnosis and be informed appropriately.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 15
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 60 (1996), S. 3-17 
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Geographie , Physik
    Notizen: Summary We compare radiosonde observations of relative humidity with NWP versions of the Meteorological Office Unified Model, and attempt to understand the causes of the systematic differences seen. The differences are found to have a different structure in cyclonic and anticyclonic situations over the UK. In cyclonic situations the mid-tropospheric temperature and humidity differences could be due to model biases, consistent with the conservation of energy; the latent heating from precipitation of the model's excess moisture would remove the model's cold bias. There is also some evidence for observational bias. Wetting of the sonde sensor in cloud can cause a moist bias at higher levels. The Väisala RS80 sonde also appears to have a dry bias near saturation. The Unified Model has a parameterisation for stratiform cloud which calculates the fractional cloud cover in a gridbox from the box-average relative humidity, allowing for sub-grid-scale variability within the box. This scheme has been tuned to give reasonable cloud amounts with the model's relative humidities. The cloud amounts implied (by the scheme) for radiosonde relative humidities are systematically less than the observed cloud. So assimilation of the observed humidities can significantly degrade analyses and predictions of cloud. Bias corrections for the radiosonde humidities have been calculated to compensate for this. Experiments have been performed to test the effect of the bias correction on the assimilation and prediction of cloud and precipation. With the control system, cloud cover and precipitation spins-up during the forecast period; the bias correction improves this. A large improvement was also found when the relationship between the temperature and humidity assimilation was changed; it is better to assume that temperature and relative humidity errors are uncorrelated, rather than temperature and specific humidity.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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