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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (23)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (23)
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 16 (1955), S. 74-76 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 248 (1997), S. 139-151 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Ein neuartiges organisch-anorganisches Hybridmaterial wurde durch den Einbau des Minerals Böhmit mittels eines Sol-Gel-Prozesses in ein Kevlar-Nomex-Copolymeres hergestellt. Durch Reaktion eines Gemisches aus m- und p-Phenylendiamin mit Terephthaloylchlorid und anschließender Umsetzung mit Aminophenyltrimethoxysilan wurden Poly(phenylenterephthalamid)-Ketten mit Aminophenyltri-methoxysilan-Endgruppen synthetisiert. In dieser Polymermatrix wurde die Hydrolyse der Alkoxygruppen einer Lösung von Aluminium-sec-butanolat in Butanol durchgeführt. Dadurch wurde ein chemisch an die Aramid-Ketten gebundenes anorganisches Netzwerk aufgebaut. Aus den hergestellten Hybridmaterialien mit unterschiedlichen Böhmit-Gehalten in der Aramidmatrix wurden Filme gegossen. Die Filme aus Hybridmaterial mit bis zu 15 Gew.-% Böhmit waren transparent gelb, während bei 20 und mehr Gew.-% Böhmit opake Filme erhalten wurden. Die mechanischen Eigenschaften dieser Filme wurden untersucht. Zugfestigkeit, Zugmodul, Härte und maximale Bruchdehnung nahmen mit steigendem Böhmitgehalt zunächst zu, vemngerten sich jedoch bei weiterer Erhöhung des Mineralanteils wieder. Der Zugmodul des Hybridmaterials bei 25°C lag zwischen 3,0 und 4,5 GPa. Die Materialien hielten einer maximalen Zugspannung von 252 MPa stand und zeigten Zersetzungstemperaturen von etwa 450°C. Die rnit DMTA ermittelten Werte für den Speichemodul lagen im Bereich 7,6-18,9 GPa. Das tan δ-Signal verbreiterte sich mit zunehmendem Böhmitanteil und ging bei hohen Böhmitgehalten in eine Schulter über. Die Signalpositionen des Verlustfaktors wurden infolge der zunehmenden sterischen Einschränkung der Segmentbewegungen rnit steigendem anorganischen Anteil zu höheren Temperaturen verschoben.
    Notes: A new organic-inorganic hybrid material was prepared by incorporating boehmite into a Kevlar-Nomex copolymer via a sol-gel process. Poly(phenylene-terephthalamide) chains having aminophenyltrimethoxysilane end groups were prepared by reacting a mixture of m-and p-phenylenediamine with terephthaloyl chloride, followed by end-capping with aminophenyltrimethoxysilane. The hydrolysis of the alkoxy groups of an aluminium sec-butoxide solution in butanol was carried out in the polymer matrix, thus creating an inorganic network structure combined chemically with the aramid chains. Hybrid materials containing different proportions of boehmite in aramid were thus produced and films were cast by solvent evaporation technique. These films with up to 15 wt.-% of boehmite were yellow and transparent, whereas the films with 20 wt.-% or more contents of boehmite were opaque. Mechanical properties of these films were analyzed. The values of tensile strength, initial modulus, toughness and maximum strain at rupture were initially found to increase and then decrease with further addition of boehmite. The tensile modulus of the hybrid material was found to be in the range of 3.0-4.5 GPa at 25°C. These ceramers were found to withstand maximum tensile stress of the order of 252 MPa, and the thermal decomposition temperature was around 450°C. The storage modulus as measured using DMTA was in the range of 7.6-18.9 GPa. The tan δ peak which in general became broader with increasing boehmite content showed a shoulder for composites containing large amounts of boehmite. The position of the peaks shifted towards high temperature with the increase in the inorganic contents showing hindrance in motion with increasing boehmite contents.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electroanalysis 6 (1994), S. 543-552 
    ISSN: 1040-0397
    Keywords: Chronopotentiometry ; Enzyme electrode ; Biosensors ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Chronopotentiometry (CP) with enzyme electrodes is a new approach to overcome inherent problems of steady-state potentiometric processes. The developed procedure is presented on the example of a glucose oxidase (GOD) electrode. Electrochemically generated mediator helps to overcome traditional difficulties arising from poorly defined mixed potentials in the presence of oxygen during an analysis. Transition times are automatically evaluated by using computerized calculation programs. The technique can be used for determining substrate concentrations; moreover, it is particularly promising as an effective tool to study electrode processes with biochemical systems on an electrode surface.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    ISSN: 1040-0397
    Keywords: Biosensors ; Self-assembly monolayers ; NADH ; Phenoxazines ; Phenothiazines ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Self-assembled monolayers of cystamine and cysteine chemisorbed on gold electrode surfaces have been used as a support for covalent immobilization of some phenoxazine and phenothiazine derivatives. The covalent attachment was achieved after previous functionalization of the free amino groups on the electrode surface with bifunctional reagents (terephthaloyl chloride and 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate) able to react with the imino form of the amino group in position 3 of the phenoxazine and phenothiazine derivatives.In every case, a shift of the redox potentials between 130 and 180 mV towards more positive potentials, as well as an increase in the peak-topeak separation between anodic and cathodic peaks was observed after covalent attachment. The surface coverages (10-11 〈 Γ 〈 10-10 mol/cm2) obtained from the cyclic voltammograms were those for a not densely packed monolayer and varied depending on the redox compound immobilized. The surface-modified electrodes obtained were afterwards used for the electrocatalytic oxidation of NADH.UV-vis spectroscopy was used to monitor the successive steps of surface modification using gold semitransparent electrodes. The total surface coverage of redox mediator on the electrode surface could also be calculated from the optical difference spectra between the oxidized and the reduced state obtained ‘in situ’ in a spectroelectrochemical cell.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: In the binary copolymerization systems of allylbenzene, 2-methylpentene-1 and isobutene with acrylonitrile rOlefin = 0 can be postulated. By linear correlation of the rAN-values with the molar fraction of the olefin the ordinate intersection provides constant values of rAN depending only on the kind of olefin and the solvent. Constant values of rAN are also obtained by supposing the olefin concentration to be reduced at the reaction site. The concentration of reactive olefins is related to their initial amount by an exponential expression.
    Notes: Für die binären Copolymerisationssysteme von Allylbenzen, 2-Methylpenten-1 und Isobuten mit Acrylnitril läßt sich rOlefin = 0 postulieren. Durch lineare Korrelation der rAN-Werte und dem Molenbruch des Olefins werden aus dem Ordinatenabschnitt konstante rAN-Werte erhalten, die nur von der Art des Olefins und dem Lösungsmittel abhängig sind. Die konstanten rAN-Werte lassen sich auch auf Basis der Modellvorstellung, daß die Olefinkonzentration am Reaktionsort reduziert ist, ableiten. Die reaktive Olefinkonzentration ist durch eine Exponentialbeziehung mit der eingesetzten verknüpft.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Basel : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie, Rapid Communications 3 (1982), S. 745-751 
    ISSN: 0173-2803
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The r-values of the monomer pair acrylonitrile/allylbenzene in the radical bulk and solution polymerization, using hexamethylphosphoric acid triamide, dimethylsulfoxide, γ-butyrolactone, ethylene carbonate and nitromethane as solvents, have been determind. A copolymerization equation is derived, considering the degradative chain transfer, associate formation and solvent effect, by which the deviations from the Mayo-Lewis concept and the solvent effects can be explained.
    Notes: Die r-Werte des Monomerpaares Acrylnitril/Allylbenzol wurden bei der radikalischen Copolymerisation in Substanz bzw. in den Lösungsmitteln Hexamethylphosphorsäuretriamid, Dimethylsulfoxid, γ-Butyrolacton, Ethylencarbonat und Nitromethan bestimmt. Unter Berücksichtigung der degradativen Kettenübertragung, der Assoziatbildung und des Lösungsmitteleinflusses wurde eine Copolymerisationsgleichung abgeleitet, mit deren Hilfe die Abweichung vom Mayo-Lewis-Modell und Lösungsmitteleffekte interpretierbar sind.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 18
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The quantitative determination of the r-values has been performed by non-linear optimum adaption of various selected copolymerization equations to the experimental values referring to low and high conversion with the aim of model selection. The two-parameter models discussed provide r-values being independent of comonomer composition and conversion. The three-parameter models, as the penultimate model, suggesting particularly reduced olefine concentration at the reaction site, can account for model deficiencies in the medium composition range of the monomer mixture.
    Notes: Die Quantifizierung der r-Werte erfolgt durch nichtlineare optimale Anpassung verschidenster ausgewählter Copolymerisationsgleichungen an die experimentellen Daten bei niedrigem und höherem Umsatz mit der Zielstellung einer Modellselektion. Alle diskutierten Zweiparametermodelle liefern r-Werte, die von der Comonomerzusammensetzung und vom Umsatz abhängig sind. Dreiparametermodelle, wie das „Penultimate Modell“, und besonders die Annahme der am Reaktionsort reduzierten Olefinkonzentration können den Modelldefekt in mittleren Zusammensetzungsbereichen der Monomermischung beheben.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 19
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: In order to investigate the deviation of the copolymerization of acrylonitrile with allyl benzene from the Mayo-Lewis model caused by association the temperature-dependence of the r-values in different solvents and at different monomer ratios was determined. Independent comparison is achieved by 1H and 13C-NMR spectra of allyl benzene in tetrachloromethane and nitromethane.
    Notes: Zur Untersuchung der Abweichung vom MAYO-LEWIS-Modell bei der Acrylnitril-Allylbenzol-Copolymerisation durch Assoziatbildung wurde die Temperaturabhängigkeit der r-Werte in verschiedenen Lösungsmitteln und bei unterschiedlichen Monomermischungsverhältnissen bestimmt. Zum unabhängigen Vergleich dienten 1H- und 13C-NMR-Spektren des Allylbenzols in Tetrachlormethan und Nitromethan.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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