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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Failure of beta interferon therapy in X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 155 (1996), S. 833-833 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02002922
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polyfunctional Aliphatic Compounds. II.1 The Cyclization of Dinitriles by Anhydrous Halogen Acids. Pyridines (1962)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of organic chemistry 27 (1962), S. 2473-2478 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6904
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo01054a044
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The surface to volume ratio of mitochondria, a suitable parameter for evaluating mitochondrial swelling (1990)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 416 (1990), S. 305-315 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Myocardial ultrastructure ; Mitochondrial swelling ; Stereology ; Correlations of structural parameters ; Cardiac arrest and global ischaemia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cellular changes occuring in the left ventricular myocardium during ischaemia after different methods of cardiac arrest have been evaluated by morphological and morphometric parameters: volume densities of mitochondria (VVMi), sarcoplasm (VVSp), myofibrils (VVMf), surface densities of mitochondria (SVMi). The surface to volume ratio of mitochondria (SVratioMi) has been used as an independent parameter of mitochondrial swelling. Since ischaemic swelling of myocardial cells increases the volume of the reference space and ischaemic swelling of mitochondria decreases the free sarcoplasm, VVMi and VVSp cannot be considered as reliable indicators of the degree of oedema. SVMi/VVMf remains nearly constant after different forms of cardiac arrest, demonstrating the integrity of mitochondrial outer membranes. The inverse linear ratio between SVratioMi and the mean mitochondrial volume indicates that the increase in mitochondrial volume is achieved by surface smoothing. Loss of matrix structure and fragmentation of cristae occur at an SVratioMi of about 5.8, cristolysis at 5.5 to 5.6 and amorphous matrix densities at an SVratioMi of less than 5.5 μm2/μm3. The SVratioMi is a suitable parameter for evaluating mitochondrial swelling both at the onset and during global myocardial ischaemia, independent of the method of cardiac arrest used. It serves as an indicator of the state of structural preservation of mitochondria during ischaemia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01605291
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in myocardial substrate utilisation and protection of ischemic stressed myocardium by oxfenicine [(S)-4-hydroxyphenylglycine] (1984)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 327 (1984), S. 70-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Cardiac metabolism ; Myocardial ischemia ; Oxfenicine ; Oxygen debt ; Oxygen repayment ; Release of electrolytes and substrates
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Potential protective effects of oxfenicine [(S)-4-hydroxyphenylglycine] in ischemic stressed canine myocardium have been studied. This compound is characterized as a drug leading to metabolic inhibition of free fatty acid (FFA) metabolism. The drug (0.06 mmol·kg−1 body weight) caused no changes in hemodynamics or energy demand (Et) but depressed myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2) by 11% (P〈0.02). Significant changes in FFA and lactate metabolism were observed: lactate extraction (EX) increased from 22.5–37.1 μmol/min, extraction ratio (EXR) from 16.5–30% and oxygen extraction ratio (OER) from 24.8–38%; EX of FFA decreased from 6900–5000 nmol/min, EXR from 48.2–31.4% and OER from 59.7–46.6%. Arterial concentrations of FFA and lactate remained unchanged. EX, EXR and OER of glucose were not affected under basic conditions. In the same collective, repeated ischemia (3 min) was produced by proximal occlusion of the left anterior descending artery (LAD). The efficiency of the drug was examined by (a) the amounts of ischemia metabolites released in the early reperfusion and (b) quantification of O2-debt and O2-repayment in the occlusion- and reperfusion periods. Compared to control occlusions, premedication led to a reduced O2-debt (P〈0.01) combined with a reduced amount of oxygen additionally taken up in the early reperfusion (P〈0.05). Furthermore, release of potassium increased (+7.1%; P〈0.05); release of lactate (-32%, P〈0.001) and inorganic phosphate (-34%, P〈0.01) decreased. These data give support to the concept that a pharmacologically induced shift of cardiac metabolism with reduction of FFA utilisation may be favourable in circumstances with limited oxygen supply.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00504994
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effectiveness of nicorandil in the preservation of myocardium stressed by transient ischemia and its influence on cardiac metabolism during coronary artery occlusion with subsequent reperfusion: a comparison with isosorbide dinitrate (1985)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 329 (1985), S. 440-446 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Cardiac metabolism ; Ischemia ; Isosorbide dinitrate ; Nicorandil ; Oxygen-debt ; Oxygen-repayment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This study was designed to investigate the effects of nicorandil in comparison to isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) on hemodynamics, on myocardial metabolism and on effectiveness in the preservation of ischemically stressed myocardium. Repeated ischemia (3 min) was produced in anaesthetized open-chest mongrel dogs by proximal, intermittent left anterior descending artery occlusion with subsequent reperfusion. In each experiment 2–3 control occlusions were compared to 2–3 occlusions under nicorandil or ISDN. Application of both nicorandil (0.64 μmol·kg−1 body weight, i.v.) and ISDN (1.27 μmol·kg−1 body weight, i.v.) led to a significant afterload reduction and to a decrease of the coronary vascular resistance. The efficiency of the compounds in the protection of ischemic myocardium was examined by quantification of oxygen-debt and oxygen-repayment in the occlusion and reperfusion periods. Compared to control, premedication with nicorandil led to a significant increase of oxygen-debt, whereas ISDN reduced it significantly. Oxygen-repayment remained unchanged. The influence of the drugs on the metabolism of glucose, lactate and free fatty acids (FFA) was examined under basic conditions, in ischemia and during reperfusion. For all substrates, extraction, extraction ratio and oxygen extraction ratio were calculated. Under basic conditions, glucose metabolism was significantly enhanced in both groups but FFA metabolism was inhibited only by ISDN. In ischemia, FFA metabolism was enhanced by nicorandil and depressed by ISDN. Data obtained in this study suggest that nicorandil may even aggravate the metabolic and energetic situation of ischemic myocardium and, on the other hand, clearly support the well documented protective effects of ISDN.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00496379
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Esthesioneuroblastoma: Ultrastructural, immunohistological and biochemical investigation of one case (1984)
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 239 (1984), S. 133-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Keywords: Esthesioneuroblastoma ; Intermediate filaments ; Secretory granules ; Ultrastructure ; Immunohistology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A case of esthesioneuroblastoma, the pathological diagnosis of which almost always causes great difficulties, was investigated ultrastructurally, biochemically, and immunohistologically, using antibodies against the five known types of intermediate filaments [keratin, vimentin, desmin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neurofilaments]. The tumour cells did not react with antibodies against any of the five intermediate filament proteins. Ultrastructural investigations showed dense cored secretory granules in the cytoplasm and cell processes. Thus, immunohistology offers by “exclusion” a differential diagnosis to avoid often misdiagnosed tumours (undifferentiated carcinomas, embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas, and malignant lymphomas), since carcinomas react with antikeratin, embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas with antibodies to desmin and malignant lymphomas show immunofluorescence with antibodies to vimentin. The biological behaviour (age distribution, tendency to metastasize), the normal values of biochemical parameters, homovanillic acid and vanilmandelic acid (HVA, VMA), and the absence of neurofilaments distinguish this type of tumour from the peripheral sympathetic neuroblastoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00463554
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new method for studying the incorporation of nonesterified fatty acids into cardiac lipids by using deuterium-labelled palmitate (1988)
    Springer
    Basic research in cardiology 83 (1988), S. 87-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1803
    Keywords: nonesterifiedfatty acids ; myocardiallipids ; stable-isotope-labelledfatty acids ; cholesterol esters ; mass fragmentography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A new method for measuring the incorporation of exogenous fatty acids into myocardial lipids of working rat hearts using deuterium-labelled palmitate has been developed. After perfusing isolated hearts, the fatty acid composition of triglycerides, diglyccrides, monoglycerides, cholesterol esters, and nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) was measured by a mass fragmentographic method. Hearts perfused only with 5 mM glucose and 1 mM lactate perfusion as basic substrates showed a significant decrease of triglyceride content, while the other lipids were not found to be significantly reduced. The fatty acid composition of all lipids were not affccted. An addition of D31-palmitate complexed to albumin at a molar ratio of 5∶1, caused a dose-dependent incorporation into triglycerides and diglycerides which suggested saturation kinetics. The tissue content of nonesterified D31-palmitate was found to be linearly related to its concentration in the perfusate. It may be of note that the concentration of the other NEFA was significantly affected neither by a fatty-acid-free perfusion nor by a perfusion with D31-palmitate. A significant incorporation of the supplied fatty acid into cholesterol esters and monoglycerides could not be detected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01907108
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of cardiac metabolism using stable isotopes and mass spectrometry (1993)
    Springer
    Basic research in cardiology 88 (1993), S. 272-281 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1803
    Keywords: Stable isotopes ; mass spectrometry ; working rat heart ; metabolism ; acetate ; palmitate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The technique described in this communication enables detailed investigations of cardiac metabolism using13C-labeled substrates and mass spectrometric measurements of13CO2 in the coronary effluent. To validate this technique for further studies isolated working rat hearts were perfused with13C-labeled substrates in a bicarbonate-free perfusion fluid. The fraction of CO2 produced by oxidation of labeled substrate was calculated by the13CO2/CO2 ratio in the coronary perfusate. The oxidation of13C-acetate showed a linear correlation with13C-acetate concentrations between 0.015 and 0.16 mmol/l. An inhibitor of acylcarnitine translocase, 2-(3-methylcinnamylhydrazono)-propionate (BM42.304) decreased CO2 production from13C-palmitate from 48%±4% to 31%±3% (n=11, SEM). Taking into account considerations of tracer kinetic theory rapidly accessible intracellular palmitate stores were estimated to be less than 900 nmol/g ww. This technique allows specific investigations of the oxidation of labeled substrates in the heart and may be useful for basic research and/or clinical diagnosis, thus avoiding the hazards of radiolabeled substrates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00794999
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Progressive fatal pancytopenia, psychomotor retardation and muscle carnitine deficiency in a child with ethylmalonic aciduria and ethylmalonic acidaemia (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of inherited metabolic disease 13 (1990), S. 337-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2665
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01799389
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    GC-MS determination of guanidinoacetate in urine and plasma (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of inherited metabolic disease 20 (1997), S. 450-452 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2665
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005383507547
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