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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 179 (1957), S. 595-596 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] To make this approach lead to a definite solution, it is sufficient to regard the evolution envisaged as proceeding according to a statistical estimation procedure, leading to the state where the frequency of a word ranking rth in the order of frequencies, is, for each r, an efficient estimate of ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    ISSN: 1520-6904
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 65 (1994), S. 2193-2195 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report the in situ optical monitoring of the growth of heavily doped GaAs by chemical beam epitaxy. The normal incidence reflectance of a 670 nm semiconductor laser was monitored in real time using dynamic optical reflectivity (DOR). Oscillations in the reflectance of the growing film arising from small changes in the refractive index due to doping were observed for carbon doping in the range 2×1019–6×1020 cm−3. No oscillations were obtained for samples with carbon or sulphur doping levels in the range 1018–1019 cm−3. A reduction in growth rate was observed for carbon concentrations above 1020 cm−3 and this was attributed to etching by the CBr4 dopant source. In situ etching of GaAs layers by CBr4 prior to growth was also monitored using DOR. © 1994 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 73 (1969), S. 3047-3053 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: InxGa1−xAs layers (0≤x≤0.37) doped with carbon (〉1020 cm−3) were grown on semi-insulating GaAs substrates by chemical beam epitaxy using carbon tetrabromide (CBr4) as the dopant source. Hall measurements imply that all of the carbon was present as CAs for values of x up to 0.15. The C acceptors were passivated by exposing samples to a radio frequency hydrogen plasma for periods of up to 6 h. The nearest-neighbor bonding configurations of CAs were investigated by studying the nondegenerate antisymmetric hydrogen stretch mode (A−1 symmetry) and the symmetric XH mode (A+1 symmetry) of the H–CAs pairs using IR absorption and Raman scattering, respectively. Observed modes at 2635 and 450 cm−1 had been assigned to passivated Ga4CAs clusters. New modes at 2550 and 430 cm−1 increased in strength with increasing values of x and are assigned to passivated InGa3CAs clusters. These results were compared with ab initio local density functional theory. Modes due to AlInGaCAs clusters were detected in samples containing grown in Al and In. These results demonstrate that for InGaAs, CBr4 is an efficient C doping source since both In–CAs bonds as well as Ga–CAs bonds are formed, whereas there is no evidence for the formation of In–CAs bonds in samples doped with C derived from trimethylgallium or solid sources. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of advanced nursing 21 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2648
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In looking towards the 21st century, the faculty at the Presbyterian Hospital School of Nursing, along with the Presbyterian Health Services Corporation and Queen's College, adopted a 1-2-1 programme The process of developing a new nursing curriculum is presented as the task force proceeded from the philosophy and goals to conceptual framework and curriculum objectives After discussions with nurse administrators and educators, extensive literature reviews and brainstorming sessions, concepts and subconcepts were chosen to form a philosophy The metaparadigm of nursing and other related concepts were then organized into a conceptual framework Ongoing communication and feedback from the faculty ensured group ownership of all documents The eclectic organizational scheme was a good fit for a large faculty with differing beliefs and values about a nursing curriculum The process of developing a future orientated nursing curriculum has been exciting, challenging and rewarding The faculty is committed to the new philosophy, goals and conceptual framework and believe that the 1–2–1 programme will educate future practitioners who are prepared to meet the challenges and changes in health care for the 21st century
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Decision sciences 11 (1980), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1540-5915
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: This paper applies mathematical programming to cost-volume-profit (CVP) analysis under contribution margin uncertainty. Three CVP probabilistic chance-constraint models based on various safety-first criteria for decisions under uncertainty are presented and compared. It is shown that a break-even segment of the mean-standard deviation frontier is a set of optimal solutions for the proposed models. An operational parametric quadratic programming (QP) model is constructed, and the efficiency frontier is generated. The procedures for locating an optimal solution on the efficiency frontier are then presented. The recommended QP procedure offers both technical relief from the computational difficulties posed by the probabilistic constraints and a desired flexibility in generating and presenting the relevant information for decisions under uncertainty.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Decision sciences 14 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1540-5915
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Research on learning effects in mathematical programming models for optimum resource allocation has called attention to the difficulty in solving such models in their original nonlinear form. In this paper, systematically varying sizes of linear segments are designed to approximate productivity changes along the learning curve, and a single separable linear programming model is developed. With production complementarity and learning transmission between products, a more realistic resource allocation and production scheduling problem emerges. Two cases of learning transmissions are considered, and the model design process, which defines a decision problem that can be solved by a simplex algorithm, is demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 76 (1972), S. 2310-2316 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 70 (1997), S. 60-62 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The relaxation of heavily carbon doped GaAs, grown on (001) GaAs substrates was investigated using transmission electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction. Misfit dislocation introduction occurred only significantly above Matthews and Blakeslee's critical thickness, with the onset of relaxation being delayed as the C concentration was increased. The resultant strain relaxation was highly anisotropic with the introduction of As-cored misfit dislocations being totally suppressed at the highest C levels, resulting in cracking of the epilayer. Locking of As-cored partial dislocations and a reduction in misfit dislocation velocity is proposed as the cause of the anisotropy and lack of relaxation. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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