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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    BBA - Protein Structure 229 (1971), S. 845-849 
    ISSN: 0005-2795
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 5 (1975), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The half-life of125I labelled CINH was determined in patients with HAE and normal controls. There was no significant difference between these two groups. The half-life in the HAE patients was 67.7 hr ± 4.9 hr (s.d.) and in the normals 64 hr± 1.4 hr (s.d.). This finding is consistent with a defect in synthesis as an explanation of the low serum C1NH levels in HAE patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 278 (1976), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 24 (1968), S. 1277-1278 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Mit der Methode der Präzipitationshemmung nachHerzenberg et al.6 wurde die Kreuzreaktion von Seren subhumaner Primaten mit einem Antiserum gegen menschlichesα 1-Antitrypsin gemessen. Die Ergebnisse stimmen mit der geltenden Taxonomie gut überein.α 1-Antitrypsin hat sich während der Evolution offenbar weniger konservativ verhalten als Serumalbumin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 11 (1971), S. 177-189 
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung α1-Antitrypsin (α1-at) ist ein Glykoprotein des menschlichen Serums. Es hemmt die enzymatische Aktivität von Trypsin und anderen proteolytischen Enzymen. Die Konzentration in normalem Serum beträgt etwa 200–250 mg/100 ml. Unter bestimmten physiologischen und pathologischen Bedingungen, z. B. während der Schwangerschaft, nach Verabreichung von Ovulationshemmern und während einer Infektion, ist der Serumspiegel des α1-at erhöht. Die genaue physiologische Funktion des α1-at ist unbekannt, wahrscheinlich ist aber die Hemmung von proteolytischen Enzymen aus Leukocyten von Bedeutung. Mit Hilfe elektrophoretischer Methoden kann man einige Phänotypen unterscheiden. Diese Phänotypen können durch mehrere codominante Allele an einem Locus, wahrscheinlich dem Strukturlocus, erklärt werden. Zwei Allele, PiZ und PiS, verursachen niedrige Konzentrationen von α1 im Serum: Die ungefähren Serumkonzentrationen von α1-at der verschiedenen Phänotypen sind: Z/Z 10%, M/Z 50–60%, S/S 60%, M/S 80%; die Konzentration von 212 mg/100 ml des M/M-Phänotyps ist hier gleich 100% gesetzt. Die Wirkung der verschiedenen Allele auf die α1-at ist also additiv. Homozygotie für das PiZ-Allel ist statistisch signifikant mit chronisch obstruktivem Lungenemphysem assoziiert. Eine geringere, aber ebenfalls statistisch signifikante Assoziation mit chronisch obstruktivem Lungenemphysem besteht auch für die Heterozygotie PiM/PiZ und PiM/PiS oder nur für eine von beiden Heterozygotien.
    Notes: Summary Alpha1-antitrypsin (α1) is a glycoprotein in human serum that inhibits the enzymatic activity of trypsin and other proteolytic enzymes. Its concentration in normal serum is 200–250 mg/100 ml. In certain physiological and pathological situations, such as pregnancy, under contraceptive medication and during inflammation, the level of α1-at is elevated. The physiological role of α1 is not known, but the interaction with proteolytic enzymes from white blood cells is probably important. Electrophoretic techniques distinguish several phenotypes, which can be explained by the existence of several codominant alleles at one locus (probably the structural locus). Two alleles PiZ and PiS cause low concentrations of α1-at in serum: the approximate concentrations of α1-at for the different phenotypes are Z/Z 10%, M/Z 50–60%, S/S 60%, M/S 80%, where the level of 212 mg/100 ml found in the M/M phenotype is taken as 100%; thus the effect of these alleles on the α1-at concentration is additive. Homozygosity for the PiZ allele is strongly associated with chronic obstructive lung disease and there is also an association of COPD and heterozygosity for the PiZ or PiS or both, but to a lesser degree.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 15 (1972), S. 1-6 
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die zwei Allele PiZ and PiS führen zu subnormalen Konzentrationen von Alpha1-Antitrypsin und niedrigen Trypsinhemmaktivitäten im menschlichen Serum. Die durch Hetero- und Homozygotie für diese Allele entstehenden Phänotypen können durch elektrophoretische Methoden unterschieden werden. Die Alpha1-Antitrypsin-Konzentrationen der verschiedenen Phänotypen überlappen, so daß eine sichere Erkennung nur durch elektrophoretische Methoden möglich ist.
    Notes: Summary Two alleles, PiZ and PiS, are associated with lower than normal alpha1-antitrypsin concentrations and lower trypsin inhibiting activities in human serum. The phenotypes that result due to heterozygosity or homozygosity for these alleles can be distinguished with electrophoretic procedures. The alpha1-antitrypsin concentrations of several phenotypes overlap so that the phenotypes can be determined with certainty only by an electrophoretic procedure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenjassung Eine Familie, in der mehrere Mitglieder in 3 Generationen an Hereditärem Angioödem (HAE) leiden, wird beschrieben. Im Gegensatz zur häufigeren Form von HAE ist jedoch die Serumkonzentration des Komplementesterasehemmers (C1INH) nach immunologischen Kriterien erheblich erhöht. Die Hemmung von Komplementesterase ist stark vermindert oder fehlt. Die experimentellen Daten zeigen, daß bei den Patienten C1INH-Protein als Komplex mit Serumalbumin vorliegt.
    Notes: Summary A family in which several members in 3 generations are afflicted with Hereditary Angioedema (HAE) is described. In contrast to the more common form of HAE, the concentration of complement esterase inhibitor (C1INH) as determined immunologically is greatly elevated in the serum of these patients, while the inhibiting activity is low or absent. The experimental evidence suggests that in their serum C1INH protein is complexed with albumin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 5 (1967), S. 54-58 
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Alpha1-antitrypsin (alpha1-at) concentration in serum was measured by a method of single radial diffusion. The normal concentration was 212±32 mg/100 ml. Values for members of the families in which the alpha1-at deficiency occurred were trimodally distributed with values of 25±6, 120±46, and 227±56 mg/100 ml. Subjects with low values were homozygous for the deficiency gene, those with intermediate values were heterozygous, and those with normal values were homozygous for the normal gene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 14 (1972), S. 173-195 
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 57 (1981), S. 327-328 
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Alpha-1-antitrypsin phenotypes were determined by isoelectric focusing in 270 Koreans and 52 Chinese. The frequencies of the major alleles were the following, numbers for the Chinese sample are in parentheses: PiM1: 0.65 (0.66), PiM2: 0.22 (0.25), PiM3: 0.06 (0.09). Other alleles, including PiZ were present in low frequencies. The Koreans appear to be quite similar to the Chinese in this system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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