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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic and immunological characterization of naturally occurring recombinant B3 rats (1977)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 5 (1977), S. 271-283 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The B-stock population of rats was bred for homozygosity at the loci controlling coat color. In this process, theAg-B1 andAg-B3 haplotypes became fixed in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Extensive immunization and absorption studies showed that the specificities in the B-stock rats homozygous for theAg-B1 haplotype were the same as those found in the inbred F344 strain (Ag-B1), and that the specificities in the rats homozygous for theAg-B3 haplotype were the same as those found in the inbred BN (Ag-B3) strain. A homozygous line derived from the rats carrying theAg-B3 haplotype (B3) has the mixed lymphocyte reactivity and antibody responsiveness to poly (Glu52Lys33Tyr15) characteristic of the inbred strains in theAg-B4 group. Thus, it represents a naturally occurring recombination between the loci controlling MLR and immune responsiveness, on the one hand, and those controlling the Ag-B antigens on the other. Antibody responsiveness segregated with theAg-B3 haplotype in crosses between the B3 homozygotes and the low responder BUF and M520 strains; hence, this recombination is a stable one. There was no linkage of antibody formation or haplotype to coat color. The finding of a strain with a naturally occurring recombination in the major histocompatibility complex between the loci controlling mixed lymphocyte reactivity and the Ag-B histocompatibility antigens provides evidence for the separateness of these loci. Since the portion of the genetically determined mechanism controlling antibody responsiveness which is linked to the MHC was that characteristic of the MLR type, it too must lie outside the region defined by the serological specificities of theAg-B haplotype.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01570482
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural organization, sequence analysis, and physical mapping of the Grc-linked class Ib gene RT1.S3 in the rat (1998)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 48 (1998), S. 76-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Keywords: Key words RT1.S3 ; Grc ; MHC ; Class I ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002510050405
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymorphism and mapping of the complement gene C4 in the rat (1987)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 25 (1987), S. 204-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00344036
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    TheRT1.G locus in the rat encodes a Qa/TL-like antigen (1989)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 30 (1989), S. 181-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A new antigenic system in the rat homologous to theQa/TL antigen system in the mouse has been characterized. It was detected by antibodies raised in donor-recipient combinations that were matched for theRT1. A, B, D, E loci in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC): (R11×BN)F1 anti-BN.1L(LEW), (R18×BN)F1 anti-BN.1L, and BN.1LV1(F344) anti-BN.1L. Absorption analyses using these antisera and a variety of inbred, congenic and recombinant strains identified three alleles,RT1.G a ,G b ,G c , of whichG c is a null allele. The strain distribution of these alleles was determined, using 37 strains of rats representative of all of the prototypic haplotypes and a number of congenic and recombinant strains. The use of the congenic and recombinant strains showed that theRT1.G locus was linked to the MHC and that the most probable gene order wasA-E-G. Testcross analysis showed that the map distance betweenA andG was 1.4 cM(4/285 recombinants). The RT1.G antigen has a heavy chain ofM r 46 000 and is present on both T and B cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02421204
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiple TL-like loci in the grc-G/C region of the rat (1994)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 39 (1994), S. 301-315 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The grc-G/C region of the rat in homologous to the Q/TL region of the mouse, and deletions in this region are associated with fetal mortality, developmental defects, and decreased resistance to cancer. Several cosmids spanning approximately 45 kilobases of this region were analyzed for their class I loci, using a mouse general class I probe (pAG64c), grc-specific probes (pGRC1.4, pGRC1.7), and four probes derived from the TL-like locus RT1.N1. The results showed that TL-like genes other than RT1.N1 exist in the rat: a duplicated gene, RT1.N2, was identified, sequenced, and shown to be 99.3% similar to RT1.N1; and a third TL-like gene, RT1.N3, was isolated from a cDNA library, sequenced, and shown to be 92.8% similar to RT1.N1. These observations suggest that the rat TL-like loci are duplicated and that there is more than one cluster of these duplicated genes. The TL-like genes are transcribed predominantly in the thymus, except in grc-strains, and their level of transcription increases during fetal life and reaches its maximum at birth. Finally, a cosmid that appears to identify the end of the deletion in grc- strains was identified.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00189226
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Response (1997)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 47 (1997), S. 4-5 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002510050319
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunogenetic analysis of rat strains with recombinations in different regions of the MHC (1986)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 23 (1986), S. 133-136 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00377975
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of rat MHC class I antigens by peptide mapping (1987)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 25 (1987), S. 35-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Monoclonal antibodies specific for the rat major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I antigens RT1.An, RT1.Au, and RT1.Eu were used for immunoprecipitation of antigens biosynthetically radiolabeled with14C- or3H-labeled arginine, lysine, and tyrosine; with arginine or tyrosine alone; and with or without tunicamycin in the culture medium. Heavy chains of the glycosylated and unglycosylated antigens were purified by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and their tryptic and chymotryptic peptides were compared by high performance liquid chromatography. The antigens coded by the same locus in two different haplotypes (An and Au) differed by 30%, whereas the products of two different loci in the same haplotype (Au and Eu) differed only by 1–3%. Comparative analysis of the data for samples labeled with single amino acids indicated that two amino acids in Au have been substituted by an arginine and probably by a tyrosine residue, respectively, in Eu. The high degree of homology between the products of theA andE loci in the same haplotype accounts for the difficulty in detecting recombinational events within the MHC of the rat by classical serological approaches.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00768831
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbohydrate moieties of rat MHC class I antigens (1987)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 26 (1987), S. 204-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The rat major histocompatibility complex class I antigens RT1.Au and RT1.Eu from the u haplotype and RT1.An from the n haplotype were labeled with 14C-asparagine or with 3H-fucose, mannose, galactose, and N-acetylglucosamine. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis showed complete removal of radioactivity from the sugar-labeled antigen heavy chains by digestion with glycopeptidase F, an enzyme that removes N-linked glycans completely. High performance liquid chromatography analysis of the tryptic digests of the mixed sugar-labeled and asparagine-labeled antigens demonstrated that all the sugar-labeled peptides were coincident with asparagine-labeled peptides. The An antigen showed three glycopeptides, each of which had different amounts of sugar radioactivity. The antigens Au and Eu showed two glycopeptides with different amounts of radioactivity but at identical positions in the two antigens. Antigen Eu had an additional glycopeptide with a lower amount of radioactivity. The positions of the glycopeptides from the Au and Eu antigens were different from those of the An antigen. The peptide profiles of the 14C-asparagine-labeled Au and Eu antigens demonstrated distinct differences between the molecules. The results of this study show that: (a) all the glycans on rat class I antigens are N-linked, as they are on H-2 and HLA class I antigens; (b) there are compositional differences among the glycans in each of the three antigens; (c) the glycosylation pattern of the rat class I antigens is similar to that of the mouse class I antigens, which contain two or three glycans, in contrast to that of the human class I antigens, which contain only one glycan; and (d) the antigens Au and Eu from the same haplotype are more closely related to each other than they are to the An antigen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00346513
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physical mapping of the MHC and grc by the pulse field electrophoresis (1992)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 35 (1992), S. 166-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The development of the physical map of the major histocompatibility complex of the rat was undertaken using pulse field gel electrophoresis of fragments of genomic DNA from the BIL/2 (grc +) and BIL/1 (grc −) strains obtained primarily from single and double digests with the enzymes Mlu I, Not I, and Sfi I and hybridized with a variety of mouse, rat, and human probes. Both strains are maintained by inbreeding the BIL heterozygote (forced heterozygosity; F31); hence, their differences lie almost entirely in the MHC-grc regions. The MHC-grc region was contained in five fragments of DNA comprising 3000–3200 kilobases (kb); thus, its size appears to be closer to that of the human MHC than to that of the mouse MHC. This didstance may be an underestimate of the size of the entire region, however, because the cluster of class I loci in the RT1.A region could not be defined in detail in this study. The most striking difference between the BIL/2 strain, which has normal growth and reproductive characteristics, and the BIL/1 strain, which has growth and reproductive defects and an enhanced susceptibility to chemical carcinogens, is a deletion of approximately 70 kb in the latter strain. The studies og grc + and grc − strain suggest that the phenotypic defects of the grc − stains may be due to the loss of genes that are normally present in this deleted region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00185110
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