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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 109 (1978), S. 1241-1261 
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Polymerization vonn-Decaldehyd zu einem krystallinen Polymeren von mittlerem Molekulargewicht wurde mit Lithium-tert-butylat in Methylcyclohexan unter genauer Temperaturkontrolle durchgeführt. Poly(n-decaldehyd) (PDA) wurde mittels spektroskopischen Methoden (IR und PMR) charakterisiert, und durch Abbau in der Gegenwart von 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazin wurde die Polyacetalstructur des Polymeren bestätigt.PDA hat einen “Doppelschmelzpunkt” ähnlich anderer aliphatischer Polyaldehyde mit mehr als vier Kohlenstoffatome in der Seitenkette.DSC-Untersuchungen zeigten in der ersten Übergangsregion, der der Seitenkettenkristallisation, daß drei endotherme Spitzen zwischen 45 und 65° beobachtet werden konnten. DasDebye-Scherrer-Diagramm des krystallinenPDA war ähnlich dem anderer Polyaldehyde, aber mit größerer Einheitszelle.PDA wurde bei einer Temperatur von 53°C in einem Rheometer extrudiert und gab Fasern, deren Röntgenstreuung mittlere Orientierung zeigte.
    Notes: Abstract n-Decaldehyde (DA) was polymerized to crystalline poly(n-decaldehyde) (PDA) of reasonable molecular weight in methylcyclohexane (MCH) solvent with lithiumtert-butoxide (LTB) as the initiator under carefully controlled temperature conditions. The polyacetal structure ofPDA was established by IR and PMR spectroscopy as well as by the characteristic degradation of the polymer in the presence of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine.PDA had the dual melting behavior typical of aliphatic polyaldehydes with four or more side chain carbon atoms. The DSC scans of crystallinePDA in the first, or side chain, transition region showed as many as three endothermic peaks between 45 and 65°C. The X-ray diffraction pattern of crystalline PDA was similar to that which had been observed for other polyaldehydes but with a larger unit cell.PDA was extruded at 53°C in a capillary rheometer and gave a filament whose X-ray diffraction pattern indicated medium orientation effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 114 (1983), S. 937-951 
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Benzotriazolization of phenols ; 2(2-Hydroxyphenyl)2H-benzotriazole ; Ultraviolet absorbers ; Ultraviolet stabilizers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Es wurden einige 2(2-Hydroxyphenyl)2H-benzotriazole mit mehr als einer Benzotriazolgruppe am Di- bzw. Trihydroxybenzol mittels Azokupplung vono-Nitrobenzoldiazoniumchlorid mit Resorcin bzw. Phloroglucin und nachfolgender reduktiver Cyclisierung mit Zn-Pulver/NaOH hergestellt. Durch sorgfältige Kupplung mito-Nitrobenzoldiazoniumchlorid konnte die Monobenzotriazylverbindung hergestellt werden: 4(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-1,3-dihydroxybenzol [2(2,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)2H-benzotriazol]. Alle Verbindungen haben unge-wöhnliche UV-VIS-spektroskopische Eigenschaften mit sehr hohen Extinktionskoeffizienten und einem starken Abfall der Adsorption bei 400 nm; es sollte sich um ausgezeichnete UV-Stabilisatoren handeln.
    Notes: Abstract Several 2(2-hydroxyphenyl)2H-benzotriazoles with more than one benzotriazole group substituted on di- and trihydroxybenzenes were synthesized by azo coupling ofo-nitrobenzenediazonium chloride with resorcinol or phloroglucinol followed by reductive cyclization with zinc powder and sodium hydroxide. By careful diazonium coupling witho-nitrobenzenediazonium chloride, the monobenzotriazyl compound, 4(2H-benzotriazole-2-yl)1,3-dihydroxybenzene [2(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)2H-benzotriazole] was obtained. All compounds have unusual spectral characteristics with high extinction coefficients, cut off of the absorption below 400 nm and are excellent candidates for ultraviolet stabilizers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 110 (1979), S. 453-471 
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Haloaldehyde polymers ; Dibromofluoroacetaldehyde, Polymerization ; Ceiling temperature, Thermal degradation ; Copolymerization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Dibromfluoracetaldehyd (DBFA) wurde aus Dibromfluoressigsäuremethylester durch Addition des Lithiumaluminiumhydrids zum Ester hergestellt. Das zuerst erhalteneDBFA-Hydrat wurde zum freien Aldehyd dehydratisiert. Der Dibromfluoressigsäuremethylester wurde unter gleichzeitiger Herstellung von Bromdifluoressigsäuremethylester durch Luftoxydation von 1,1-Dibrom-2,2-difluorethen erhalten. Das Oxydationsprodukt, das die Säurehalogenide enthielt, wurde mit Methanol behandelt und gab eine Estermischung, die durch Destillation getrennt werden konnte.DBFA wurde mit anionischen und kationischen Initiatoren zu unlöslichen, kristallinen Poly-DFBA polymerisiert. Der polymereDBFA wurde quantitativ bei erhöhter Temperatur zu monomeremDBFA abgebaut. Copolymerisation vonDBFA mit Chloral gab ein Copolymer mit der gleichen Copolymerzusammensetzung wie das ursprüngliche Verhältnis der zwei Monomeren.DBFA copolymerisierte auch mit Phenylisocyanat zu Copolymeren mit Acetal- und Urethangruppen in der Kette.
    Notes: Abstract Dibromofluoracetaldehyde (DBFA) was prepared by reducing methyl dibromofluoroacetate with lithium aluminium hydride (LAH) at low temperatures whereby theLAH was added to dibromofluoroacetate. The initially obtainedDBFA hydrate was dehydrated to the free aldehyde. Methyl dibromofluoroacetate was synthesized together with methyl bromodifluoroacetate by air oxidation of 1,1-dibromo-2,2-difluoroethylene. The mixture of oxidation products, consisting of two acid halides, was treated with methanol and gave a mixture of the methyl esters which here separated by distillation. DBFA was polymerized with anionic and cationic initiators to crystalline insoluble poly-DBFA. Poly-DBFA degraded quantitatively at elevated temperatures to monomericDBFA. Copolymerization ofDBFA with chloral gave copolymers with nearly the same comonomer composition as the feed.DBFA was also copolymerized with phenyl isocyanate to a copolymer which contained acetal and urethane linkages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 28 (1992), S. 203-210 
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Measurements of the optical activity of suspensions of optically active poly(triphenylmethyl methacrylate) (PTrMA) were successfully carried out on THF-soluble and THF-in-soluble fractions of the polymer. The values of the optical rotations of [α]D=+400°to+450° were substantially the same and, as expected, depended somewhat on the suspending medium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 4 (1981), S. 683-683 
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Benzotriazole formation ; N M R-structure analysis ; Polymerization and copolymerization ; Ultraviolet absorbers ; 2[2-Vinyl-4-hydroxyphenyl]2H-benzotriazole ; 2[3-Vinyl-4-hydroxyphenyl]2H-benzotriazole
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Diazotierteso-Nitroanilin wurde mit 3-Ethylphenol bzw. mit 2-Ethylphenol kondensiert. Reduktion der Diazoverbindung mit Zinkstaub in Natriumhydroxid ergab 2-(2-Ethyl-4-hydroylphenyl)2H-benzotriazol, bzw. 2-(3-Ethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)2H-benzotriazol. Nach Acetylierung der freien Phenolgruppe wurden diese Verbindungen mitN-Bromsuccinimid zu den entsprechenden1-Bromethylverbindungen umgewandelt und daraufhin in Acetonitril mit Triethylamin dehydrobromiert. Darauf folgende Hydrolyse führte zu 2(2-Vinyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)2H-benzotriazol bzw. zu 2(3-Vinyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)2H-benzotriazol. Beide monomeren Verbindungen wurden sowohl homopolymerisiert als auch mit Styrol oder mit Methylmethacrylat copolymerisiert. Weder die Ethyl- noch die Vinylverbindungen oder deren Polymere erwiesen sich als UV-Stabilisatoren, eine Eigenschaft die den 2(2-Hydroxyphenyl)2H-Benzotriazolen eigen ist. Eine Methode der Strukturbestimmung mit Hilfe einer detaillierten NMR-Analyse wird ebenfalls beschrieben.
    Notes: Abstract Condensation of diazotizedo-nitroaniline with 3-ethylphenol or with 2-ethylphenol followed by reduction of the resulting azo compound with zinc dust in sodium hydroxide solution gave 2-(2-ethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)2H-benzotriazole and 2(3-ethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)2H-benzotriazole, respectively. The individual compounds were acetylated, brominated withN-bromosuccinimide to the corresponding 1-bromoethyl compounds which were then dehydrobrominated with triethyl amine in acetonitrile and hydrolyzed to 2(2-vinyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)2H-benzotriazole or 2(3-vinyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)2H-benzotriazole. The two monomers could be polymerized and copolymerized with styrene and methyl methacrylate. The ethyl as well as the vinyl compounds and the corresponding polymers, when tested, are ineffective as ultraviolet absorbers as they have structures of 4-hydroxyphenyl rather than 2-hydroxyphenyl compounds with respect to the benzotriazole ring. A careful NMR analysis for the correct structural assignment is also described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary The absorption spectra of 2 [2-hydroxy-5-(meth) acryloxyphenyl] 2H-benzotriazoles, their homoand copolymers were studied. The immediate environment (next monomer units in copolymers) determine the details of the spectral characteristics. Copolymers are more efficient in photostabilizing poly-cis-1, 4-butadiene-1, 3 in solution than the monomer or the homopolymer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary The absorption spectra of 2(2-hydroxyphenyl)2H-benzotriazoles derivatives substituted with electron-donating and withdrawing groups in various positions on the phenyl ring allowed to estimate the relative stability of the hydrogen-bonded structures as evidenced by the ɛ 340 nm/ɛ300 nm ratio. Photodegradation studies of poly-cis-1,4-butadiene-1,3 with and without 2(2-hydroxyphenyl) benzotriazole absorbers with various substituents show that compounds with R=H are better photostabilizers than those with R≠H.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary Polymerizable 2(2-hydroxyphenyl)2H-benzotriazole ultraviolet absorbers have the normal hydrogen bonded λ maximum at 340 nm. When more than one ortho-hydroxy group capable of hygen bonding is present in the molecule the extinction coefficient increases dramatically; the fluorescence spectra are also affected. It is expected that these compounds are very effective ultraviolet stabilizers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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