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  • 11
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    Index verborum Frontinianus verba quae Strategematibus continentur cuncta complectens (Bendz) (1940)
    Pittsburgh, Pa., etc. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Classical World. 34 (1940:Oct.-1941:June) 125 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-8418
    Topics: Classical Studies
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pao:&rft_dat=xri:pao:article:3080-1940-034-00-000131
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RFLP Mapping in Plant Breeding: New Tools for an Old Science (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Company
    Nature biotechnology 7 (1989), S. 257-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] Breeders have traditionally improved plant varieties by selecting on the basis of phenotype. Now restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) linkage maps are being constructed for most major crop plants and these maps provide a more direct method for selecting desirable genes via their linkage ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0389-257
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RFLP mapping of a major bruchid resistance gene in mungbean (Vigna radiata, L. Wilczek) (1992)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 84 (1992), S. 839-844 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Callosobruchus ; DNA Markers ; Insect ; Legume ; Restriction fragment length polymorphisms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Bruchids (genus Callosobruchus) are among the most destructive insect pests of mungbeans and other members of the genus, Vigna. Genetic resistance to bruchids was previously identified in a wild mungbean relative, TC1966. To analyze the underlying genetics, accelerate breeding, and provide a basis for map-based cloning of this gene, we have mapped the TC1966 bruchid resistance gene using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers. Fifty-eight F2 progeny from a cross between TC1966 and a susceptible mungbean cultivar were analyzed with 153 RFLP markers. Resistance mapped to a single locus on linkage group VIII, approximately 3.6 centimorgans from the nearest RFLP marker. Because the genome of mungbean is relatively small (estimated to be between 470 and 560 million base pairs), this RFLP marker may be suitable as a starting point for chromosome walking. Based on RFLP analysis, an individual was also identified in the F2 population that retained the bruchid resistance gene within a tightly linked double crossover. This individual will be valuable in developing resistant mungbean lines free of linkage drag.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00227394
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Targeted isolation of simple sequence repeat markers through the use of bacterial artificial chromosomes (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 98 (1999), S. 919-928 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Bacterial artificial chromosome ; Simple sequence repeats ; Microsatellites ; Soybean cyst nematode ; Genetic mapping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) are versatile DNA markers that are readily assayed and highly informative. Unfortunately, non-targeted approaches to SSR development often leave large genomic regions without SSR markers. In some cases these same genomic regions are already populated by other types of DNA markers, especially restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs), random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs), and amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs). To identify SSR markers in such regions, bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones can be used as intermediaries. First, one or more BAC clones in a region of interest are identified through the use of an existing DNA marker. BAC clones uncovered in this initial step are then used to create a small insert DNA library that can be screened for the presence of SSR-containing clones. Because BAC inserts are often 100-kb pairs or more in size, most contain one or more SSRs. This strategy was applied to two regions of the soybean genome near genes that condition resistance to the soybean cyst nematode on molecular linkage groups G and A2. This targeted approach to identifying new DNA markers can readily be extended to other types of DNA markers, including single nucleotide polymorphisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051151
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative genome analysis of mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) and cowpea (V. unguiculata L. Walpers) using RFLP mapping data (1993)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 86 (1993), S. 797-810 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Parallel maps ; Molecular markers ; Random amplified polymorphic DNA ; Restriction fragment length polymorphism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Genome relationships between mungbean (Vigna tradiata) and cowpea (V. Unguiculata) based on the linkage arrangement of random genomic restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers have been investigated. A common set of probes derived from cowpea, common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), mungbean, and soybean (Glycine max) PstI genomic libraries were used to construct the genetic linkage maps. In both species, a single F2 population from a cross between an improved cultivar and a putative wild progenitor species was used to follow the segregation of the RFLP markers. Approximately 90% of the probes hybridized to both mungbean and cowpea DNA, indicating a high degree of similarity in the nucleotide sequences among these species. A higher level of polymorphism was detected in the mungbean population (75.7%) than in the cowpea population (41.2%). Loci exhibiting duplications, null phenotypes, and distorted segregation ratios were detected in both populations. Random genomic DNA RFLP loci account for about 89% of the currently mapped markers with a few cDNA and RAPD markers added. The current mungbean map is comprised of 171 loci/loci clusters distributed in 14 linkage groups spanning a total of 1570cM. On the other hand, 97 markers covered 684 cM and defined 10 linkage groups in the current cowpea map. The mungbean and cowpea genomes were compared on the basis of the copy number and linkage arrangement of 53 markers mapped in common between the two species. Results indicate that nucleotide sequences are conserved, but variation in copy number were detected and several rearrangements in linkage orders appeared to have occurred since the divergence of the two species. Entire linkage groups were not conserved, but several large linkage blocks were maintained in both genomes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00212605
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Targeted comparative genome analysis and qualitative mapping of a major partial-resistance gene to the soybean cyst nematode (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 93 (1996), S. 234-241 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Quantitative trait locus ; QTL ; Disease resistance ; Polygenic
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A major partial-resistance locus to the soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe; SCN) was identified on linkage group ‘G’ of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] using restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). This locus explained 51.4% (LOD=10.35) of the total phenotypic variation in disease response in soybean Plant Introduction (PI) 209332, 52.7% (LOD=15.58) in PI 90763, 40.0% (LOD=10.50) in PI 88788, and 28.1% (LOD=6.94) in ‘Peking’. Initially, the region around this major resistance locus was poorly populated with DNA markers. To increase marker density in this genomic region, first random, and later targeted, comparative mapping with RFLPs from mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilcz.] and common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) was performed, eventually leading to one RFLP marker every 2.6 centimorgans (cM). Even with this marker density, the inability to resolve SCN disease response into discrete Mendelian categories posed a major limitation to mapping. Thus, qualitative scoring of SCN disease response was carried out in an F5∶6 recombinant inbred population derived from ‘Evans’xPI 209332 using a 30% disease index cut-off for resistance. Using the computer program JoinMap, an integrated map of the region of interest was created, placing the SCN resistance locus 4.6 cM from RFLP marker B53 and 2.8 cM from Bng30. This study demonstrates how a combination of molecularmapping strategies, including comparative genome analysis, join mapping, and qualitative scoring of a quantitative trait, potentially provide the necessary tools for high-resolution mapping around a quantitative-trait locus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225751
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two simple sequence repeat markers to select for soybean cyst nematode resistance coditioned by the rhg1 locus (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 99 (1999), S. 811-818 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Simple sequence repeats ; Microsatellites ; Soybean cyst nematode ; Genetic mapping ; Marker-assisted selection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The soybean cyst nematode (SCN) (Heterodera glycines Inchinoe) is the most economically significant soybean pest. The principal strategy to reduce or eliminate damage from this pest is the use of resistant cultivars. Identifying resistant segregants in a breeding program is a difficult and expensive process which is complicated by the oligogenic nature of the resistance and genetic variability in the pathogen. Fortunately, resistance at one SCN-resistance locus, rhg1, is generally accepted as a necessity for the development of resistant genotypes using any source of resistance and when challenged by any SCN race. Thus, the development of SCN resistant cultivars would be expedited if an effective and rapid system were available to identify breeding lines carrying a resistance allele at the rhg1 locus. In this study we report two simple sequence repeat (SSR) or microsatellite loci that cosegregate and map 0.4 cM from rhg1. Allelic variation at the first of these loci, BARC-Satt309, distinguished most, if not all, SCN-susceptible genotypes from those carrying resistance at rhg1 derived from the important SCN-resistance sources ’Peking’, PI 437654, and PI 90763. BARC-Satt309 was also effective in distinguishing SCN resistance sources PI 88788 and PI 209332 from many, but not all, susceptible genotypes. BARC-Satt309 cannot be used in marker-assisted selection in populations developed from typical southern US cultivars crossed with the important resistance sources PI 88788 or PI 209332 because these genotypes all carry the identical allele at the BARC-Satt309 locus. A second SSR locus, BARC-Sat_168, was developed from a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clone that was identified using the primers to BARC-Satt309. BARC-Sat_168 distinguished PI 88788 and PI 209332 from southern US cultivars such as ’Lee’, ’Bragg’ and ’Essex’. Both BARC-Satt309 and BARC-Sat_168 were used to assay lines from SCN-susceptible×SCN-resistant crosses and proved to be highly effective in identifying lines carrying rhg1 resistance from those carrying the allele for SCN susceptibility at the rhg1 locus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051300
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RFLP analysis of the size of chromosomal segments retained around the Tm-2 locus of tomato during backcross breeding (1989)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 77 (1989), S. 353-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Introgression ; Linkage drag ; Lycopersicon ; Restriction fragment length polymorphisms ; Tobacco mosaic virus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Genes introduced into cultivated plants by backcross breeding programs are flanked by introgressed segments of DNA derived from the donor parent. This phenomenon is known as linkage drag and is frequently thought to affect traits other than the one originally targeted. The Tm-2 gene of Lycopersicon peruvianum, which confers resistance to tobacco mosaic virus, was introduced into several different tomato cultivars (L. esculentum) by repeated backcrossing. We have measured the sizes of the introgressed segments flanking the Tm-2 locus in several of these cultivars using a high density map of restriction fragment length polymorphic (RFLP) markers. The smallest introgressed segment is estimated to be 4 cM in length, while the longest is over 51 cM in length and contains the entire short arm of chromosome 9. Additionally, RFLP analysis was performed on remnant seed from different intermediate generations corresponding to two different backcross breeding programs for TMV resistance. The results reveal that plants containing desirable recombination near the resistance gene were rarely selected during backcrossing and, as a result, the backcross breeding method was largely ineffective in reducing the size of linked DNA around the resistance gene. We propose that, by monitoring recombination around genes of interest with linked RFLP markers, one can quickly and efficiently reduce the amount of linkage drag associated with introgression. Using such a procedure, it is estimated that an introgressed segment can be obtained in two generations that is as small as that which would otherwise require 100 backcross generations without RFLP selection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00305828
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High resolution RFLP map around the root knot nematode resistance gene (Mi) in tomato (1991)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 82 (1991), S. 529-536 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Disease resistance ; Meloidogyne incognita ; Lycopersicon esculentum ; Genetic mapping ; Restriction fragment length polymorphism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In the 1940's the root-knot nematode resistance gene (Mi) was introgressed into the cultivated tomato from the wild species, L. peruvianum, and today it provides the only form of genetic resistance against this pathogen. We report here the construction of a high resolution RFLP map around the Mi gene that may aid in the future cloning of this gene via chromosome walking. The map covers the most distal nine map units of chromosome 6 and contains the Mi gene, nine RFLP markers, and one isozyme marker (Aps-1). Based on the analysis of more than 1,000 F2 plants from four crosses, we were able to pinpoint the Mi gene to the interval between two of these markers — GP79 and Aps-1. In crosses containing the Mi gene, this interval is suppressed in recombination and is estimated to be 0.4 cM in length. In contrast, for a cross not containing Mi, the estimated map distance is approximately 5 times greater (ca. 2 cM). Using RFLP markers around Mi as probes, it was possible to classify nematode resistant tomato varieties into three types based on the amount of linked peruvianum DNA still present. Two of these types (representing the majority of the varieties tested) were found to still contain more than 5 cM of peruvianum chromosome — a result that may explain some of the negative effects (e.g. fruit cracking) associated with nematode resistance. The third type (represented by a single variety) is predicted to carry a very small segment of peruvianum DNA (〈2 cM) and may be useful in the identification of additional markers close to Mi and in the orientation of clones during a chromosome walk to clone the gene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00226787
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mapping oligogenic resistance to powdery mildew in mungbean with RFLPs (1993)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 87 (1993), S. 243-249 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Molecular markers ; Polygenic ; Quantitative trait loci (QTL)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We have used restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) to map genes in mungbean (Vigna radiata) that confer partial resistance to the powdery mildew fungus, Erysiphe polygoni. DNA genotypes for 145 RFLP loci spanning 1570 centimorgans of the mungbean genome were assayed in a population of 58 F2 plants. This population was derived from a cross between a moderately powdery mildew resistant (“VC3980A”) and a susceptible (“TC1966”) mungbean parent. F3 lines derived from the F2 plants were assayed in the field for powdery mildew response and the results were compared to the RFLP genotype data, thereby identifying loci associated with powdery mildew response. A total of three genomic regions were found to have an effect on powdery mildew response, together explaining 58% of the total variation. At 65 days after planting, two genomic regions were significantly associated with powdery mildew resistance. For both loci, the allele from “VC3890A” was associated with increased resistance. At 85 days, a third genomic region was also associated with powdery mildew response. For this locus, the allele from the susceptible parent (“TC1966”) was the one associated with higher levels of powdery mildew resistance. These results indicate that putative partial resistance loci for powdery mildew in mungbean can be identified with DNA markers, even in a population of modest size analyzed at a single location in a single year.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223772
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